docker鏡像操做

一、獲取鏡像mysql

docker pull NAME[:TAG] 若是不顯式地指定TAG，則默認會選擇latest標籤，即下載倉庫中最新版本的鏡像。
//獲取最新鏡像
docker pull ubuntu
//獲取指定標籤鏡像
docker pull ubuntu:14.04
//獲取指定倉庫鏡像
docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/ubuntu:latest
docker pull dl.dockerpool.com:5000/ubuntusql

二、查看鏡像docker

//查看本地鏡像
docker images
//重命名本地鏡像
docker tag ubuntu:latest ubuntu:16.04
//獲取鏡像詳細信息，JSON格式
docker inspect 0ef2e08ed3fa
//獲取鏡像詳細信息中某一項信息
docker inspect -f {{".Architecture"}} 0ef2e08ed3fa
docker inspect -f {{".RepoTags"}} 0ef2ubuntu

三、搜索鏡像centos

//搜索指定名稱鏡像
docker search centos
docker search perconal*
//限制搜索結果數量，默認25行
docker search centos --limit 3
//是否截斷描述部分輸出，默認截斷
docker search centos --no-trunc
docker search centos --no-trunc=false
//搜索指定星級以上鏡像
docker search mysql -f stars=10bash

四、刪除鏡像post

docker rmi IMAGE [IMAGE...] 其中IMAGE能夠爲鏡像標籤或者IDspa

#當同一個鏡像擁有多個標籤時，docker rmi命令只是刪除了該鏡像多個標籤中的指定標籤，並不影響鏡像文件自己，但當鏡像只剩下一個標籤時，此時就會完全刪除鏡像。
#當docker rmi命令後面跟的是鏡像ID時，會嘗試刪除全部指向該鏡像的標籤，而後刪除鏡像文件自己，若是該鏡像存在多個標籤，默認沒法刪除，須要加-f進行刪除。
#若是有基於該鏡像建立的容器，則默認沒法刪除鏡像，須要先經過docker rm刪除容器，而後再用docker rmi刪除鏡像，或者使用docker rmi -f強制刪除(不推薦)。3d

[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              98d35105a391        12 days ago         192 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
ubuntu              14.04               7c09e61e9035        4 weeks ago         188 MB
hello-world         latest              48b5124b2768        2 months ago        1.84 kB
helloworld          latest              48b5124b2768        2 months ago        1.84 kB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi 48b5124b2768 
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 48b5124b2768 (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi -f 48b5124b2768
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Untagged: helloworld:latest
Deleted: sha256:48b5124b2768d2b917edcb640435044a97967015485e812545546cbed5cf0233
Deleted: sha256:98c944e98de8d35097100ff70a31083ec57704be0991a92c51700465e4544d08
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              98d35105a391        12 days ago         192 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
ubuntu              14.04               7c09e61e9035        4 weeks ago         188 MB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi ubuntu:14.04
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "ubuntu:14.04" (must force) - container c7d73bda72fc is using its referenced image 7c09e61e9035
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
00a42ce9d621        centos              "cat /etc/redhat-r..."   10 minutes ago      Exited (0) 10 minutes ago                       trusting_wescoff
c7d73bda72fc        ubuntu:14.04        "cat /etc/issue"         2 hours ago         Exited (0) 2 hours ago                          admiring_davinci
0a277f4e0f09        ubuntu              "/bin/bash"              2 hours ago         Exited (0) 2 hours ago                          tender_galileo
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rm c7d73bda72fc
c7d73bda72fc
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi ubuntu:14.04
Untagged: ubuntu:14.04
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:62a5dce5ceccd7f1cb2672a571ebee52cad1f08eec9b57fe4965fb0968a9602e
Deleted: sha256:7c09e61e90350e8f5c0cba2979003bdfe32c2d027b68b4f0cf9063cdd7b4bafd
Deleted: sha256:304aecb5e13929f85d3ce2e9d83d0212866c8e55a460c94cf24bd75da1c7c153
Deleted: sha256:f302be18d46a45c0edbbd9b4bc02db764a4b0b8cd9bd0490f33dfaff039a3b62
Deleted: sha256:c523f3173f6028e5329fd401331c375f7b9b9e831d915fafaf358f55e36e3747
Deleted: sha256:94e631422130dc414878fd05efe3d59de44c9d8904696a7c299a83f378a92845
Deleted: sha256:c29b5eadf94a90a2abda13e765d4fad4825fd15621dea1d9a98b60b89b835c2a
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              98d35105a391        12 days ago         192 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker tag ubuntu:latest ubuntu:16.04
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker tag ubuntu:latest ubuntu:16
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              16                  0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
ubuntu              16.04               0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi ubuntu:16 ubuntu:16.04
Untagged: ubuntu:16
Untagged: ubuntu:16.04
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              98d35105a391        12 days ago         192 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB

五、建立鏡像code

建立鏡像的方式有：基於已有鏡像的容器建立、基於本地模版導入、基於Dockerfile建立

5.一、基於已有鏡像的容器建立：

docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

主要選項：
-a, --author=" "　　　　//做者信息
-m, --message=" "　　 //提交信息
-p, --pause 　　//提交時暫停容器運行(默認)

[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker run -ti ubuntu /bin/bash
root@29acd66b0898:/# ls   
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@29acd66b0898:/# touch test
root@29acd66b0898:/# exit
exit
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
29acd66b0898        ubuntu              "/bin/bash"         53 seconds ago      Exited (0) 35 seconds ago                       musing_bardeen
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker commit -m "Add a new file" -a "james" 29acd66b0898 test
sha256:545d60ae0415b0fb11591b37644e05f05afc535afd573891017b47cffdd769b0
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
test                latest              545d60ae0415        12 seconds ago      130 MB
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB

5.二、基於本地模版導入

推薦使用OpenVZ提供的模版來建立，下載地址：https://openvz.org/Download/template/precreated

待補充!!!

六、導出和導入鏡像

可使用docker save和docker load命令來導出和導入鏡像

[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker save -o /data/ubuntu_16.04.tar ubuntu:latest
[root@CentOS702 ~]# du -sh /data/ubuntu_16.04.tar 
130M    /data/ubuntu_16.04.tar
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Deleted: sha256:0ef2e08ed3fabfc44002ccb846c4f2416a2135affc3ce39538834059606f32dd
Deleted: sha256:0d58a35162057295d273c5fb8b7e26124a31588cdadad125f4bce63b638dddb5
Deleted: sha256:cb7f997e049c07cdd872b8354052c808499937645f6164912c4126015df036cc
Deleted: sha256:fcb4581c4f016b2e9761f8f69239433e1e123d6f5234ca9c30c33eba698487cc
Deleted: sha256:b53cd3273b78f7f9e7059231fe0a7ed52e0f8e3657363eb015c61b2a6942af87
Deleted: sha256:745f5be9952c1a22dd4225ed6c8d7b760fe0d3583efd52f91992463b53f7aea3
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker load -q -i /data/ubuntu_16.04.tar 
Loaded image: ubuntu:latest
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              0ef2e08ed3fa        4 weeks ago         130 MB
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker rmi ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Deleted: sha256:0ef2e08ed3fabfc44002ccb846c4f2416a2135affc3ce39538834059606f32dd
Deleted: sha256:0d58a35162057295d273c5fb8b7e26124a31588cdadad125f4bce63b638dddb5
Deleted: sha256:cb7f997e049c07cdd872b8354052c808499937645f6164912c4126015df036cc
Deleted: sha256:fcb4581c4f016b2e9761f8f69239433e1e123d6f5234ca9c30c33eba698487cc
Deleted: sha256:b53cd3273b78f7f9e7059231fe0a7ed52e0f8e3657363eb015c61b2a6942af87
Deleted: sha256:745f5be9952c1a22dd4225ed6c8d7b760fe0d3583efd52f91992463b53f7aea3
[root@CentOS702 ~]# docker load < /data/ubuntu_16.04.tar 
745f5be9952c: Loading layer [==================================================>] 135.7 MB/135.7 MB
85782553e37a: Loading layer [==================================================>] 15.87 kB/15.87 kB
29660d0e5bb2: Loading layer [==================================================>] 11.78 kB/11.78 kB
440e02c3dcde: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.608 kB/4.608 kB
56827159aa8b: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.072 kB/3.072 kB
Loaded image: ubuntu:latest

七、上傳鏡像

docker push NAME[:TAG]

待補充!!!