K8S安裝與部署（kubeadm）

1. 初始化虛擬機

1.1 更新系統

yum -y upgrade

1.2 安裝perl

yum -y install perl

1.3 安裝vmtools

mount /dev/cdrom /mount
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cd /mnt
cp VMwareTools-10.3.22-15902021.tar.gz  /tmp
cd /tmp
tar xvf VMwareTools-10.3.22-15902021.tar.gz
cd vmware-tools-distrib/
./vmware-install.pl
reboot

1.4 關閉和禁用防火牆

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

1.5 關閉和禁用selinux

setenforce 0
sed -i "s/enforcing/disabled/g" /etc/selinux/

1.6 關閉和禁用swap

swapoff -a

修改/etc/fstab，註釋掉swap掛載

#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

1.7 設置主機名

hostnamectl set-hostname master

1.8 修改hosts文件

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.88.158 master
192.168.88.181 node1
192.168.88.182 node2
EOF

1.9 將橋接的IPv4流量傳遞到iptables鏈

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
> EOF

1.10 檢查系統時間同步

1.11 重啓服務器

---

2. 安裝docker

2.1 安裝依賴軟件包

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

2.2 添加軟件源信息

yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2.3 更新並安裝docker

yum makecache fast
yum -y install docker-ce

2.4 啓動docker服務

systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

2.5 添加阿里雲容器鏡像加速器並修改cgroup驅動

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker 

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' 

{  
 "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
 "registry-mirrors":["https://lsf7d76k.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
} 
EOF 

sudo systemctl daemon-reload 
sudo systemctl restart docker

2.6 查看docker版本和信息

docker version
docker info

---

3. 安裝k8s組件

3.1 添加安裝源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

3.2 安裝k8s組件

yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

3.3 啓動kubelet服務

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

3.4 部署master節點

kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.88.190 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.20.1 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

若是須要重置

kubeadm reset

3.5 修改環境變量

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

3.6 安裝pod網絡插件

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc1
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc1
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

3.7 工做節點加入集羣

kubeadm join 192.168.88.158:6443 --token ukhnry.pnjh394nj5m9s3b2 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:fdb4723e204c546f85d4415e3c6888224bde6b971d67d9c3378a5d83807fb47a

3.8 測試建立pod

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
kubectl get pod,svc
curl http://10.111.150.78