實驗環境以下圖所示:
linux
配置以下:shell
#!/bin/bash sudo ip netns add ns1 sudo ip link add ns1veth1 type veth peer name eth0 netns ns1 sudo ip netns add ns2 sudo ip link add ns2veth1 type veth peer name eth0 netns ns2 sudo ip link set ns1veth1 master vrftest sudo ip link set ns2veth1 master vrftest sudo ip link set ns2veth1 up sudo ip link set ns1veth1 up sudo ip addr add 1.1.1.254/24 dev ns1veth1 sudo ip addr add 2.2.2.254/24 dev ns2veth1 sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip addr add 2.2.2.1/24 dev eth0 sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 1.1.1.1/24 dev eth0 sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip link set eth0 up sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip link set lo up sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip route add default via 1.1.1.254 dev eth0 sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip link set eth0 up sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip link set lo up sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip route add default via 2.2.2.254 dev eth0 sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-prerouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A FORWARD -s 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-forward" sudo iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -s 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-postrouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-prerouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A FORWARD -d 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-forward" sudo iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -d 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-postrouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A INPUT -d 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localin" sudo iptables -t mangle -A INPUT -s 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localin" sudo iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -s 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localout" sudo iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -d 1.1.1.1 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localout"
ns1 ping 網關1.1.1.254ubuntu
admin@ubuntu:~$ sudo ip netns exec ns1 ping 1.1.1.254 -c 1 PING 1.1.1.254 (1.1.1.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 1.1.1.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms --- 1.1.1.254 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.064/0.064/0.064/0.000 ms admin@ubuntu:~$
查看logbash
Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527204] vrf-test-preroutingIN=ns1veth1 OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=32492 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527213] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=32492 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527220] vrf-test-localinIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=32492 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527231] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=54845 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527233] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=54845 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527235] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=ns1veth1 SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=54845 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:34:10 ubuntu kernel: [180403.527242] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=ns1veth1 SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=54845 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33955 SEQ=1
從log能夠看出:tcp
請求報文通過的hook點順序以下:post
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PREROUTING | ns1veth1 | 無 |
2 | PREROUTING | vrftest | 無 |
3 | INPUT | vrftest | 無 |
應答報文通過的hook點順序以下:spa
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUTPUT | 無 | vrftest |
2 | POSTROUTING | 無 | vrftest |
3 | OUTPUT | 無 | ns1veth1 |
4 | POSTROUTING | 無 | ns1veth1 |
ns1 ping ns2code
admin@ubuntu:~$ sudo ip netns exec ns1 ping 2.2.2.1 -c 1 PING 2.2.2.1 (2.2.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 2.2.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.063 ms --- 2.2.2.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.063/0.063/0.063/0.000 ms admin@ubuntu:~$
查看logblog
Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076713] vrf-test-preroutingIN=ns1veth1 OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=2.2.2.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=38312 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076722] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=2.2.2.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=38312 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076730] vrf-test-forwardIN=vrftest OUT=ns2veth1 MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=2.2.2.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=38312 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076732] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=ns2veth1 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=2.2.2.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=38312 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076746] vrf-test-preroutingIN=ns2veth1 OUT= MAC=02:25:0e:fe:52:35:ba:19:4d:37:ac:8b:08:00 SRC=2.2.2.1 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=47601 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076749] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=02:25:0e:fe:52:35:ba:19:4d:37:ac:8b:08:00 SRC=2.2.2.1 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=47601 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076752] vrf-test-forwardIN=vrftest OUT=ns1veth1 MAC=02:25:0e:fe:52:35:ba:19:4d:37:ac:8b:08:00 SRC=2.2.2.1 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=47601 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1 Nov 20 20:28:31 ubuntu kernel: [180065.076753] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=ns1veth1 SRC=2.2.2.1 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=47601 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=33948 SEQ=1
從log能夠看出:接口
請求報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PREROUTING | ns1veth1 | 無 |
2 | PREROUTING | vrftest | 無 |
3 | FORWARD | vrftest | ns2veth1 |
4 | POSTROUTING | 無 | ns2veth1 |
應答報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PREROUTING | ns2veth1 | |
2 | PREROUTING | vrftest | |
3 | FORWARD | vrftest | ns2veth1 |
4 | POSTROUTING | 無 | ns2veth1 |
vrftest ping 1.1.1.1
admin@ubuntu:~$ sudo ping 1.1.1.1 -I vrftest -c 1 ping: Warning: source address might be selected on device other than vrftest. PING 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1) from 1.1.1.254 vrftest: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 1.1.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms --- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.039/0.039/0.039/0.000 ms admin@ubuntu:~$
查看log
Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956734] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=35042 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956740] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=35042 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956745] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=ns1veth1 SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=35042 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956746] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=ns1veth1 SRC=1.1.1.254 DST=1.1.1.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=35042 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956762] vrf-test-preroutingIN=ns1veth1 OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=323 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956765] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=323 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1 Nov 20 21:21:11 ubuntu kernel: [183224.956769] vrf-test-localinIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=b2:f8:2a:13:31:75:6e:17:d5:b2:55:14:08:00 SRC=1.1.1.1 DST=1.1.1.254 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=323 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34186 SEQ=1
從log能夠看出:
請求報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUTPUT | 無 | vrftest |
2 | POSTROUTING | 無 | vrftest |
3 | OUTPUT | 無 | ns1veth1 |
4 | POSTROUTING | 無 | ns1veth1 |
應答報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PREROUTING | ns1veth1 | 無 |
2 | PREROUTING | vrftest | 無 |
3 | INPUT | vrftest | 無 |
vrftest ping vrf接口地址9.9.9.9/24
添加以下netfilter規則:
admin@ubuntu:~/vrftcpdump$ cat netfilter1.sh sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 9.9.9.9 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-prerouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A FORWARD -s 9.9.9.9 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-forward" sudo iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -s 9.9.9.9 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-postrouting" sudo iptables -t mangle -A INPUT -s 9.9.9.9 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localin" sudo iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -s 9.9.9.9 -j LOG --log-prefix="vrf-test-localout" admin@ubuntu:~/vrftcpdump$
配置vrftest接口地址爲9.9.9.9/24
admin@ubuntu:~/vrftcpdump$ sudo ip addr add 9.9.9.9/24 dev vrftest admin@ubuntu:~/vrftcpdump$ sudo ping 9.9.9.9 -I vrftest -c 1 PING 9.9.9.9 (9.9.9.9) from 9.9.9.9 vrftest: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 9.9.9.9: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms --- 9.9.9.9 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.050/0.050/0.050/0.000 ms admin@ubuntu:~/vrftcpdump$
查看log
Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589186] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39425 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589192] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39425 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589202] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:08:00 SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39425 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589204] vrf-test-localinIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:08:00 SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39425 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589210] vrf-test-localoutIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39426 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589211] vrf-test-postroutingIN= OUT=vrftest SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39426 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589215] vrf-test-preroutingIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:08:00 SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39426 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1 Nov 20 22:13:41 ubuntu kernel: [186374.589217] vrf-test-localinIN=vrftest OUT= MAC=ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:ca:f9:f0:37:4c:6c:08:00 SRC=9.9.9.9 DST=9.9.9.9 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39426 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=0 CODE=0 ID=34815 SEQ=1
從log能夠看出:
請求報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUTPUT | 無 | vrftest |
2 | POSTROUTING | 無 | vrftest |
3 | PREROUTING | vrftest | 無 |
4 | INPUT | vrftest | 無 |
應答報文通過的hook點順序以下:
序號 | hook點 | 輸入接口 | 輸出接口 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUTPUT | 無 | vrftest |
2 | POSTROUTING | 無 | vrftest |
3 | PREROUTING | vrftest | 無 |
4 | INPUT | vrftest | 無 |
環回請求和應答是同樣的。