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系列教程:Android開發之從零開始系列java
源碼:AnliaLee/ExpandMenu,歡迎starandroid
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前言:最近項目裏要實現一個 可展開收起的水平菜單欄控件,剛接到需求時想着用自定義View本身來繪製,發現要實現 圓角、陰影、菜單滑動等效果很是複雜且耗時間。好在這些效果 Android原生代碼中都已經有很是成熟的解決方案,咱們只須要去繼承它們進行 二次開發就行。本期將教你們如何 繼承ViewGroup(RelativeLayout)實現自定義菜單欄github
本篇只着重於思路和實現步驟,裏面用到的一些知識原理不會很是細地拿來說,若是有不清楚的api或方法能夠在網上搜下相應的資料,確定有大神講得很是清楚的,我這就不獻醜了。本着認真負責的精神我會把相關知識的博文連接也貼出來(其實就是懶不想寫那麼多哈哈),你們能夠自行傳送。爲了照顧第一次閱讀系列博客的小夥伴,本篇會出現一些在以前系列博客就講過的內容,看過的童鞋自行跳過該段便可canvas
國際慣例,先上效果圖api
自定義ViewGroup和自定義View的繪製過程有所不一樣,View能夠直接在本身的onDraw方法中繪製所須要的效果,而ViewGroup會先測量子View的大小位置(onLayout),而後再進行繪製,若是子View或background爲空,則不會調用draw方法繪製。固然咱們能夠調用setWillNotDraw(false)讓ViewGroup能夠在子View或background爲空的狀況下進行繪製,但咱們會爲ViewGroup設置一個默認背景,因此能夠省去這句代碼app
設置背景很簡單,由於要實現圓角、描邊等效果,因此咱們選擇使用GradientDrawable來定製背景,而後調用setBackground方法設置背景。建立HorizontalExpandMenu,繼承自RelativeLayout,同時自定義Attrs屬性ide
public class HorizontalExpandMenu extends RelativeLayout {
private Context mContext;
private AttributeSet mAttrs;
private int defaultWidth;//默認寬度
private int defaultHeight;//默認長度
private int viewWidth;
private int viewHeight;
private int menuBackColor;//菜單欄背景色
private float menuStrokeSize;//菜單欄邊框線的size
private int menuStrokeColor;//菜單欄邊框線的顏色
private float menuCornerRadius;//菜單欄圓角半徑
public HorizontalExpandMenu(Context context) {
super(context);
this.mContext = context;
init();
}
public HorizontalExpandMenu(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
this.mContext = context;
this.mAttrs = attrs;
init();
}
private void init(){
TypedArray typedArray = mContext.obtainStyledAttributes(mAttrs, R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu);
defaultWidth = DpOrPxUtils.dip2px(mContext,200);
defaultHeight = DpOrPxUtils.dip2px(mContext,40);
menuBackColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_back_color,Color.WHITE);
menuStrokeSize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_stroke_size,1);
menuStrokeColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_stroke_color,Color.GRAY);
menuCornerRadius = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_corner_radius,DpOrPxUtils.dip2px(mContext,20));
typedArray.recycle();
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
int height = measureSize(defaultHeight, heightMeasureSpec);
int width = measureSize(defaultWidth, widthMeasureSpec);
viewHeight = height;
viewWidth = width;
setMeasuredDimension(viewWidth,viewHeight);
//佈局代碼中若是沒有設置background屬性則在此處添加一個背景
if(getBackground()==null){
setMenuBackground();
}
}
private int measureSize(int defaultSize, int measureSpec) {
int result = defaultSize;
int specMode = View.MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
int specSize = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
if (specMode == View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
result = specSize;
} else if (specMode == View.MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
result = Math.min(result, specSize);
}
return result;
}
/** * 設置菜單背景,若是要顯示陰影,需在onLayout以前調用 */
private void setMenuBackground(){
GradientDrawable gd = new GradientDrawable();
gd.setColor(menuBackColor);
gd.setStroke((int)menuStrokeSize, menuStrokeColor);
gd.setCornerRadius(menuCornerRadius);
setBackground(gd);
}
}
複製代碼
attrs屬性佈局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<!--注意這裏的name要和自定義View的名稱一致,否則在xml佈局中沒法引用-->
<declare-styleable name="HorizontalExpandMenu">
<attr name="back_color" format="color"></attr>
<attr name="stroke_size" format="dimension"></attr>
<attr name="stroke_color" format="color"></attr>
<attr name="corner_radius" format="dimension"></attr>
</declare-styleable>
</resources>
複製代碼
在佈局文件中使用
<com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu android:id="@+id/expandMenu1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_marginBottom="20dp" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginRight="15dp">
</com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu>
複製代碼
效果如圖
咱們要繪製菜單欄兩邊的按鈕,首先是要爲按鈕圈地(測量位置和大小)。設置按鈕區域爲正方形,位於左側或右側(根據開發者設置而定),邊長和菜單欄ViewGroup的高相等。按鈕中的加號可使用Path進行繪製(固然也能夠用矢量圖或位圖),代碼以下
public class HorizontalExpandMenu extends RelativeLayout {
//省略部分代碼...
private float buttonIconDegrees;//按鈕icon符號豎線的旋轉角度
private float buttonIconSize;//按鈕icon符號的大小
private float buttonIconStrokeWidth;//按鈕icon符號的粗細
private int buttonIconColor;//按鈕icon顏色
private int buttonStyle;//按鈕類型
private int buttonRadius;//按鈕矩形區域內圓半徑
private float buttonTop;//按鈕矩形區域top值
private float buttonBottom;//按鈕矩形區域bottom值
private Point rightButtonCenter;//右按鈕中點
private float rightButtonLeft;//右按鈕矩形區域left值
private float rightButtonRight;//右按鈕矩形區域right值
private Point leftButtonCenter;//左按鈕中點
private float leftButtonLeft;//左按鈕矩形區域left值
private float leftButtonRight;//左按鈕矩形區域right值
/** * 根按鈕所在位置,默認爲右邊 */
public class ButtonStyle {
public static final int Right = 0;
public static final int Left = 1;
}
private void init(){
//省略部分代碼...
buttonStyle = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_button_style,ButtonStyle.Right);
buttonIconDegrees = 0;
buttonIconSize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_button_icon_size,DpOrPxUtils.dip2px(mContext,8));
buttonIconStrokeWidth = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_button_icon_stroke_width,8);
buttonIconColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_button_icon_color,Color.GRAY);
buttonIconPaint = new Paint();
buttonIconPaint.setColor(buttonIconColor);
buttonIconPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
buttonIconPaint.setStrokeWidth(buttonIconStrokeWidth);
buttonIconPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
path = new Path();
leftButtonCenter = new Point();
rightButtonCenter = new Point();
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
int height = measureSize(defaultHeight, heightMeasureSpec);
int width = measureSize(defaultWidth, widthMeasureSpec);
viewHeight = height;
viewWidth = width;
setMeasuredDimension(viewWidth,viewHeight);
buttonRadius = viewHeight/2;
layoutRootButton();
//佈局代碼中若是沒有設置background屬性則在此處添加一個背景
if(getBackground()==null){
setMenuBackground();
}
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
layoutRootButton();
if(buttonStyle == ButtonStyle.Right){
drawRightIcon(canvas);
}else {
drawLeftIcon(canvas);
}
super.onDraw(canvas);//注意父方法在最後調用,以避免icon被遮蓋
}
/** * 測量按鈕中點和矩形位置 */
private void layoutRootButton(){
buttonTop = 0;
buttonBottom = viewHeight;
rightButtonCenter.x = viewWidth- buttonRadius;
rightButtonCenter.y = viewHeight/2;
rightButtonLeft = rightButtonCenter.x- buttonRadius;
rightButtonRight = rightButtonCenter.x+ buttonRadius;
leftButtonCenter.x = buttonRadius;
leftButtonCenter.y = viewHeight/2;
leftButtonLeft = leftButtonCenter.x- buttonRadius;
leftButtonRight = leftButtonCenter.x+ buttonRadius;
}
/** * 繪製左邊的按鈕 * @param canvas */
private void drawLeftIcon(Canvas canvas){
path.reset();
path.moveTo(leftButtonCenter.x- buttonIconSize, leftButtonCenter.y);
path.lineTo(leftButtonCenter.x+ buttonIconSize, leftButtonCenter.y);
canvas.drawPath(path, buttonIconPaint);//劃橫線
canvas.save();
canvas.rotate(-buttonIconDegrees, leftButtonCenter.x, leftButtonCenter.y);//旋轉畫布,讓豎線能夠隨角度旋轉
path.reset();
path.moveTo(leftButtonCenter.x, leftButtonCenter.y- buttonIconSize);
path.lineTo(leftButtonCenter.x, leftButtonCenter.y+ buttonIconSize);
canvas.drawPath(path, buttonIconPaint);//畫豎線
canvas.restore();
}
/** * 繪製右邊的按鈕 * @param canvas */
private void drawRightIcon(Canvas canvas){
path.reset();
path.moveTo(rightButtonCenter.x- buttonIconSize, rightButtonCenter.y);
path.lineTo(rightButtonCenter.x+ buttonIconSize, rightButtonCenter.y);
canvas.drawPath(path, buttonIconPaint);//劃橫線
canvas.save();
canvas.rotate(buttonIconDegrees, rightButtonCenter.x, rightButtonCenter.y);//旋轉畫布,讓豎線能夠隨角度旋轉
path.reset();
path.moveTo(rightButtonCenter.x, rightButtonCenter.y- buttonIconSize);
path.lineTo(rightButtonCenter.x, rightButtonCenter.y+ buttonIconSize);
canvas.drawPath(path, buttonIconPaint);//畫豎線
canvas.restore();
}
}
複製代碼
新增attrs屬性
<declare-styleable name="HorizontalExpandMenu">
//省略部分代碼...
<attr name="button_style">
<enum name="right" value="0"/>
<enum name="left" value="1"/>
</attr>
<attr name="button_icon_size" format="dimension"></attr>
<attr name="button_icon_stroke_width" format="dimension"></attr>
<attr name="button_icon_color" format="color"></attr>
</declare-styleable>
複製代碼
佈局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical">
<com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu android:id="@+id/expandMenu1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginRight="15dp">
</com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu>
<com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu android:id="@+id/expandMenu2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_marginTop="10dp" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginRight="15dp" app:button_style="left">
</com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu>
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
複製代碼
效果如圖
以前咱們定義了buttonIconDegrees屬性,下面咱們經過Animation的插值器增減buttonIconDegrees的數值讓按鈕符號能夠進行變換,同時監聽Touch爲按鈕設置點擊事件
public class HorizontalExpandMenu extends RelativeLayout {
//省略部分代碼...
private boolean isExpand;//菜單是否展開,默認爲展開
private float downX = -1;
private float downY = -1;
private int expandAnimTime;//展開收起菜單的動畫時間
private void init(){
//省略部分代碼...
buttonIconDegrees = 90;//菜單初始狀態爲展開,因此旋轉角度爲90,按鈕符號爲 - 號
expandAnimTime = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.HorizontalExpandMenu_expand_time,400);
isExpand = true;
anim = new ExpandMenuAnim();
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
super.onTouchEvent(event);
float x = event.getX();
float y = event.getY();
switch (event.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
downX = event.getX();
downY = event.getY();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
switch (buttonStyle){
case ButtonStyle.Right:
if(x==downX&&y==downY&&y>=buttonTop&&y<=buttonBottom&&x>=rightButtonLeft&&x<=rightButtonRight){
expandMenu(expandAnimTime);
}
break;
case ButtonStyle.Left:
if(x==downX&&y==downY&&y>=buttonTop&&y<=buttonBottom&&x>=leftButtonLeft&&x<=leftButtonRight){
expandMenu(expandAnimTime);
}
break;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
private class ExpandMenuAnim extends Animation {
public ExpandMenuAnim() {}
@Override
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
super.applyTransformation(interpolatedTime, t);
if(isExpand){//展開菜單
buttonIconDegrees = 90 * interpolatedTime;
}else {//收起菜單
buttonIconDegrees = 90 - 90 * interpolatedTime;
}
postInvalidate();
}
}
/** * 展開收起菜單 * @param time 動畫時間 */
private void expandMenu(int time){
anim.setDuration(time);
isExpand = isExpand ?false:true;
this.startAnimation(anim);
}
}
複製代碼
效果如圖
ViewGroup的大小和位置須要用到layout()方法進行設置,和按鈕動畫同樣,咱們使用動畫插值器動態改變菜單的長度
public class HorizontalExpandMenu extends RelativeLayout {
//省略部分代碼...
private float backPathWidth;//繪製子View區域寬度
private float maxBackPathWidth;//繪製子View區域最大寬度
private int menuLeft;//menu區域left值
private int menuRight;//menu區域right值
private boolean isFirstLayout;//是否第一次測量位置,主要用於初始化menuLeft和menuRight的值
private void init(){
//省略部分代碼...
isFirstLayout = true;
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//省略部分代碼...
maxBackPathWidth = viewWidth- buttonRadius *2;
backPathWidth = maxBackPathWidth;
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
//若是子View數量爲0時,onLayout後getLeft()和getRight()才能獲取相應數值,menuLeft和menuRight保存menu初始的left和right值
if(isFirstLayout){
menuLeft = getLeft();
menuRight = getRight();
isFirstLayout = false;
}
}
@Override
protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
viewWidth = w;//當menu的寬度改變時,從新給viewWidth賦值
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//省略部分代碼...
switch (event.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
if(backPathWidth==maxBackPathWidth || backPathWidth==0){//動畫結束時按鈕才生效
switch (buttonStyle){
case ButtonStyle.Right:
if(x==downX&&y==downY&&y>=buttonTop&&y<=buttonBottom&&x>=rightButtonLeft&&x<=rightButtonRight){
expandMenu(expandAnimTime);
}
break;
case ButtonStyle.Left:
if(x==downX&&y==downY&&y>=buttonTop&&y<=buttonBottom&&x>=leftButtonLeft&&x<=leftButtonRight){
expandMenu(expandAnimTime);
}
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
private class ExpandMenuAnim extends Animation {
public ExpandMenuAnim() {}
@Override
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
super.applyTransformation(interpolatedTime, t);
float left = menuRight - buttonRadius *2;//按鈕在右邊,菜單收起時按鈕區域left值
float right = menuLeft + buttonRadius *2;//按鈕在左邊,菜單收起時按鈕區域right值
if(isExpand){//打開菜單
backPathWidth = maxBackPathWidth * interpolatedTime;
buttonIconDegrees = 90 * interpolatedTime;
}else {//關閉菜單
backPathWidth = maxBackPathWidth - maxBackPathWidth * interpolatedTime;
buttonIconDegrees = 90 - 90 * interpolatedTime;
}
if(buttonStyle == ButtonStyle.Right){
layout((int)(left-backPathWidth),getTop(), menuRight,getBottom());//會調用onLayout從新測量子View位置
}else {
layout(menuLeft,getTop(),(int)(right+backPathWidth),getBottom());
}
postInvalidate();
}
}
}
複製代碼
效果如圖
爲了菜單欄的顯示效果,咱們限制其直接子View的數量爲一個。在子View數量不爲0的狀況下,咱們須要動態顯示和隱藏子View,且在onLayout()方法中測量子View的位置,修改HorizontalExpandMenu
public class HorizontalExpandMenu extends RelativeLayout {
//省略部分代碼...
private boolean isAnimEnd;//動畫是否結束
private View childView;
private void init(){
//省略部分代碼...
isAnimEnd = false;
anim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {}
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
isAnimEnd = true;
}
@Override
public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {}
});
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
//若是子View數量爲0時,onLayout後getLeft()和getRight()才能獲取相應數值,menuLeft和menuRight保存menu初始的left和right值
if(isFirstLayout){
menuLeft = getLeft();
menuRight = getRight();
isFirstLayout = false;
}
if(getChildCount()>0){
childView = getChildAt(0);
if(isExpand){
if(buttonStyle == Right){
childView.layout(leftButtonCenter.x,(int) buttonTop,(int) rightButtonLeft,(int) buttonBottom);
}else {
childView.layout((int)(leftButtonRight),(int) buttonTop,rightButtonCenter.x,(int) buttonBottom);
}
//限制子View在菜單內,LayoutParam類型和當前ViewGroup一致
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(viewWidth,viewHeight);
layoutParams.setMargins(0,0,buttonRadius *3,0);
childView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
}else {
childView.setVisibility(GONE);
}
}
if(getChildCount()>1){//限制直接子View的數量
throw new IllegalStateException("HorizontalExpandMenu can host only one direct child");
}
}
@Override
protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
viewWidth = w;//當menu的寬度改變時,從新給viewWidth賦值
if(isAnimEnd){//防止出現動畫結束後菜單欄位置大小測量錯誤的bug
if(buttonStyle == Right){
if(!isExpand){
layout((int)(menuRight - buttonRadius *2-backPathWidth),getTop(), menuRight,getBottom());
}
}else {
if(!isExpand){
layout(menuLeft,getTop(),(int)(menuLeft + buttonRadius *2+backPathWidth),getBottom());
}
}
}
}
private class ExpandMenuAnim extends Animation {
public ExpandMenuAnim() {}
@Override
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
super.applyTransformation(interpolatedTime, t);
float left = menuRight - buttonRadius *2;//按鈕在右邊,菜單收起時按鈕區域left值
float right = menuLeft + buttonRadius *2;//按鈕在左邊,菜單收起時按鈕區域right值
if(childView!=null) {
childView.setVisibility(GONE);
}
if(isExpand){//打開菜單
backPathWidth = maxBackPathWidth * interpolatedTime;
buttonIconDegrees = 90 * interpolatedTime;
if(backPathWidth==maxBackPathWidth){
if(childView!=null) {
childView.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
}
}
}else {//關閉菜單
backPathWidth = maxBackPathWidth - maxBackPathWidth * interpolatedTime;
buttonIconDegrees = 90 - 90 * interpolatedTime;
}
if(buttonStyle == Right){
layout((int)(left-backPathWidth),getTop(), menuRight,getBottom());//會調用onLayout從新測量子View位置
}else {
layout(menuLeft,getTop(),(int)(right+backPathWidth),getBottom());
}
postInvalidate();
}
}
/** * 展開收起菜單 * @param time 動畫時間 */
private void expandMenu(int time){
anim.setDuration(time);
isExpand = isExpand ?false:true;
this.startAnimation(anim);
isAnimEnd = false;
}
}
複製代碼
佈局代碼
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical">
<com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu android:id="@+id/expandMenu1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginRight="15dp">
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:clickable="true">
<TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="item1"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="item2"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="item3"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="item4"/>
</LinearLayout>
</com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu>
<com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu android:id="@+id/expandMenu2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_marginTop="15dp" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginRight="15dp" app:button_style="left">
<HorizontalScrollView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:fillViewport="true" android:scrollbars="none">
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:clickable="true">
<TextView android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:background="@color/blue" android:text="item1"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="50dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:background="@color/yellow" android:text="item2"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:background="@color/green" android:text="item3"/>
<TextView android:layout_width="150dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:background="@color/red" android:text="item4"/>
</LinearLayout>
</HorizontalScrollView>
</com.anlia.expandmenu.widget.HorizontalExpandMenu>
</LinearLayout>
複製代碼
效果如圖
至此本篇教程到此結束,若是你們看了感受還不錯麻煩點個贊,大家的支持是我最大的動力~