本文針對的問題是「Ubuntu 安裝中文語言包」「Ubuntu Server中文問題」,「Ubuntu更改語言環境」,「Ubuntu locale的設定」,「cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)」,「Linux中文亂碼」,「Linux字符集的修改」,「Linux亂碼的解決辦法」等問題,提供一站式解決。若是系統顯示中文異常,例如出現顯示中文亂碼等,能夠參考本文章。關於CentOS系統的修改辦法,請參考文章末尾的描述。bash
問題描述ide
終端顯示中文正常,應用程序裏面顯示中文異常。spa
錯誤表現get
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "zh_CN:zh:en_US:en",
LC_ALL = "zh_CN.UTF-8",
LANG = "zh_CN.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
/bin/bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)
Generating locales...
en_US.UTF-8... /usr/sbin/locale-gen: line 177: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)
up-to-date
Generation complete.
it
$ man locale
man: can't set the locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct
io
$ locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=zh_CN:zh:en_US:en
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
class
$ localectl list-locales
C.UTF-8
en_US.utf8
zh_CN.utf8
變量
問題解決辦法亂碼
要想達到應用程序中正常顯示中文字符的目的,要下面的三個變量應該以下,date
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=zh_CN:zh:en_US:en LC_ALL=LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
但問題在於「LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory」和「LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8) 」,所以從新安裝中文語言包。
執行下面命令
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hans
或
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-zh-hans-base
若是想支持繁體字,則執行
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hant
或
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hant language-pack-zh-hant-base
再執行locale命令設置當前locale環境
locale
相關的文件和參考
相關手冊:man locale(1), locale(5), locale(7)
相關文件:/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
相關命令:
locale --all-locales 列出當前系統中全部支持的locale
localectl list-locales 列出當前系統中全部可用的locale
localectl set-locales LOCALE... 修改當前系統中的locale,與locale功能相同,與export上文提到的三個變量相同
對於CentOS,能夠直接編輯/etc/sysconfig/i18n文件,將LANG="en_US.UTF-8"設置成LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8",除此以外,CentOS下locale命令的顯示結果以下:
# locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
其中,LC_ALL=爲空,但並非表示這裏不對,而是LC_ALL=實際上等於LC_COLLATE、LC_CTYPE、LC_MONETARY、LC_MESSAGES、LC_NUMERIC、LC_TIME,參見locale(7)。