如何在Postgre SQL輸入命令

進入後，如何輸入命令呢

新手進入pg,竟然不知道輸入什麼？輸入help試一下：

postgres-# help

Use ? for help or press control-C to clear the input buffer.

原來要輸入 ？ 纔是幫助

postgres-# ?

General

copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms

crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab

errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity

g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)

gdesc describe result of query, without executing it

gexec execute query, then execute each value in its result

gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables

gx [FILE] as g, but forces expanded output mode

q quit psql

watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds

Help

? [commands] show help on backslash commands

? options show help on psql command-line options

? variables show help on special variables

h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands

Query Buffer

e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor

ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor

ev [VIEWNAME [LINE]] edit view definition with external editor

p show the contents of the query buffer

reset (clear) the query buffer

s [FILE] display history or save it to file

w FILE write query buffer to file

Input/Output

copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host

echo [STRING] write string to standard output

i FILE execute commands from file

ir FILE as i, but relative to location of current script

o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe

qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see o)

Conditional

if EXPR begin conditional block

elif EXPR alternative within current conditional block

else final alternative within current conditional block

endif end conditional block

Informational

(options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail)

d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences

d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index

da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates

dA[+] [PATTERN] list access methods

db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces

dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions

dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts

dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere

dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains

ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges

dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables

det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables

des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers

deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings

dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers

df[anptw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/procedures/trigger/window] functions

dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations

dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries

dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers

dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates

dg[S+] [PATTERN] list roles

di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes

dl list large objects, same as lo_list

dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages

dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views

dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas

do[S] [PATTERN] list operators

dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations

dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges

drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings

dRp[+] [PATTERN] list replication publications

dRs[+] [PATTERN] list replication subscriptions

ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences

dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables

dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types

du[S+] [PATTERN] list roles

dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views

dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions

dy [PATTERN] list event triggers

l[+] [PATTERN] list databases

sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition

sv[+] VIEWNAME show a view's definition

z [PATTERN] same as dp

Formatting

a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode

C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none

[STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output

H toggle HTML output mode (currently off)

pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table output option

(NAME := {border|columns|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero|

footer|format|linestyle|null|numericlocale|pager|

pager_min_lines|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tableattr|title|

tuples_only|unicode_border_linestyle|

unicode_column_linestyle|unicode_header_linestyle})

[on|off] show only rows (currently off)

T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none

\x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off)

Connection

c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo}

connect to new database (currently "postgres")

conninfo display information about current connection

encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding

password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user

Operating System

cd [DIR] change the current working directory

setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable

iming [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off)

! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell

Variables

prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable

set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters

\unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable

Large Objects

lo_export LOBOID FILE

lo_import FILE [COMMENT]

lo_list

lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations

postgres-#