Python中使用小海龜畫圖

時間  2019-11-16
標籤 python 使用 海龜 畫圖 欄目 Python 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

 1、畫筆

　　在畫布上，默認畫布中心爲座標原點，且隱藏着一個直角座標系，小海龜的初始正方向規定爲X軸的正方向。使用小海龜繪圖時，肯定方向與距離進行繪製圖像。html

1.畫筆自身屬性

命令 說明
turtle.pensize() 設置畫筆的寬度
turtle.pencolor() 設置畫筆的顏色，能夠使用「black」「red」或者RGB3元組
turtle.speed() 設置畫筆的移動速度，參數的範圍在[0,10]之間的整數，數字越大，速度越快

2.畫筆運動屬性

命令 說明
turtle.forward(distance) 向當前畫筆方向移動distance像素長
turtle.backward(distance) 向當前畫筆相反方向移動distance像素長度
turtle.right(degree) 順時針移動degree°
turtle.left(degree) 逆時針移動degree°
turtle.pendown() 移動時繪製圖形,缺省時也爲繪製
turtle.goto(x,y) 將畫筆移動到座標爲x,y的位置
turtle.penup() 移動時不繪製圖形,提起筆，用於另起一個地方繪製時用
turtle.speed(speed) 畫筆繪製的速度範圍[0,10]整數
turtle.circle() 畫圓,半徑爲正(負),表示圓心在畫筆的左邊(右邊)畫圓

3.畫筆的控制命令

命令 說明
turtle.pensize(width) 繪製圖形時的寬度
turtle.pencolor() 畫筆顏色
turtle.fillcolor(colorstring) 繪製圖形的填充顏色
turtle.color(color1, color2) 同時設置pencolor=color1, fillcolor=color2
turtle.filling() 返回當前是否在填充狀態
turtle.begin_fill() 準備開始填充圖形
turtle.end_fill() 填充完成；
turtle.hideturtle() 隱藏箭頭顯示；
turtle.showturtle() 與hideturtle()函數對應

4.其餘操做：

turtle.hideturtle()   # 隱藏小海龜畫筆
turtle.mainloop()     # 保留最後圖像

2、圖像展現

1.Mercedes LOGO

       

　　　　奔馳標誌 1.0python

        

　　　　奔馳標誌 2.0ide

 

 

                  奔馳標誌 3.0函數

附 3.0版本代碼以下：oop

import turtle as t
import time
R = 150
r = R - 10

t.pensize(10)
t.color("black","white")
t.speed(10)
t.circle(R,360) # 畫圓圈
t.penup()
t.left(90)
t.forward(R)
t.pensize(1)
t.pendown()
t.forward(R)
t.pensize(1)
t.fillcolor("black")
# 左側三角形
t.begin_fill()
t.left(170)
t.forward(r)
t.right(180)
t.forward(r)
t.right(170)
t.forward(R)
t.right(60)
t.forward(R)
t.right(170)
t.forward(r)
t.end_fill()
# 下面三角形
t.right(180)
t.forward(r)
t.begin_fill()
t.left(160)
t.forward(r)
t.right(180)
t.forward(r)
t.right(170)
t.forward(R)
t.right(60)
t.forward(R)
t.right(170)
t.forward(r)
t.end_fill()
# 右邊三角形
t.right(180)
t.forward(r)
t.begin_fill()
t.left(160)
t.forward(r)
t.right(180)
t.forward(r)
t.right(170)
t.forward(R)
t.right(60)
t.forward(R)
t.right(170)
t.forward(r)
t.end_fill()

t.hideturtle() # 隱藏小海龜畫筆
t.mainloop() # 保留圖像
奔馳標誌3.0代碼

2. 畫方格

# 畫方格
import turtle as t
t.pensize(1)
for i in range(1,300,2):
            t.left(90)
            t.fd(i*2)

3.來盤蚊香

import turtle as t
import time

R = 150

t.speed(100)
t.pensize(3)
t.color("blue")

for i in range(50):
            t.circle(R-i*3, 180)

4.Tencent LOGO

       

　　　　　公企鵝效果圖　post

 

　　　　  　母企鵝效果圖動畫

 附企鵝代碼：url

import turtle
import time

def head():
    
    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor("black")
    turtle.color("black")
    turtle.colormode(255)
    turtle.speed(1)

    #繪製母企鵝頭部
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(-300,350)
    turtle.seth(0)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.circle(-200,-110)   
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(-300,350)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.seth(0)
    turtle.circle(-200,110) 
    turtle.seth(213)
    turtle.circle(-345,66)
    turtle.end_fill()


def lefteye():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.Turtle().screen.delay(0)
    turtle.fillcolor("white")
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的左眼
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-350,275)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill()

    #畫橢圓
    a=1.0
    for i in range(120):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.lt(3) #向左轉3度
            turtle.fd(a) #向前走a的步長
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()
    
    #繪製左眼眼影
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-378,255)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color("pink")
    turtle.seth(15)
    turtle.circle(-100,35)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-350,275)
    turtle.seth(180)
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.goto(-350,275)
    turtle.seth(0)
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.rt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()

    #繪製睫毛
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-350,275)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pensize(3)
    turtle.color(242,156,177)
    turtle.circle(-20,190)
    turtle.pensize(1)

    #繪製母企鵝的左眼珠
    turtle.color("black")
    turtle.fillcolor("black")
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-330,245)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    a=0.01
    for i in range(120):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.05
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.05
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()
    

def righteye():
    
    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.Turtle().screen.delay(0)
    turtle.fillcolor("white")
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的右眼
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-250,275)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill()

    a=1.0
    for i in range(120):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()
    
    #繪製右眼眼影
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-278,255)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color("pink")
    turtle.seth(15)
    turtle.circle(-100,35)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-250,275)
    turtle.seth(180)
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.goto(-250,275)
    turtle.seth(0)
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.rt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()

    #繪製睫毛
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-250,275)
    turtle.seth(0)
    turtle.pd()
    a=1
    for i in range(20):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.08
            turtle.rt(3) #向左轉3度
            turtle.fd(a) #向前走a的步長
        else:
            a=a-0.08
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pensize(3)
    turtle.color(242,156,177)
    turtle.circle(20,190)
    turtle.pensize(1)

    #繪製母企鵝的右眼珠
    turtle.color("black")
    turtle.fillcolor("black")
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-270,245)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    a=0.01
    for i in range(120):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.05
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.05
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()
    

def mouth():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor((250,175,8)) 
    turtle.color((250,175,8))
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的嘴巴
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-410,120)
    turtle.seth(30)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    turtle.circle(-225,60)
    turtle.circle(-8,150)
    turtle.seth(210)
    turtle.circle(-225,60)
    turtle.seth(-210)
    turtle.circle(-8,150)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()


def bowknot():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.color("pink")
    turtle.goto(-250,360)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.seth(225)

    #繪製蝴蝶結的上半部分
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-250,360)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.circle(-70,100)
    turtle.seth(50)
    turtle.circle(-80,53)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-250,360)
    turtle.seth(50)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.circle(70,100)
    turtle.seth(225)
    turtle.circle(80,53)
    turtle.end_fill()

    #繪製蝴蝶結下半部分
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-195,335)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.seth(45)
    turtle.circle(-70,100)
    turtle.seth(230)
    turtle.circle(-80,62.5)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-195,335)
    turtle.seth(225)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.circle(70,100)
    turtle.seth(50)
    turtle.circle(80,58)
    turtle.end_fill()
    
    #蝴蝶結的中間部分
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.fillcolor("pink")
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.color("pink")
    turtle.goto(-255,370)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.seth(225)
    turtle.circle(40,360)
    turtle.end_fill()
    
def scarf():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor("pink") 
    turtle.color("pink")
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製圍巾
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-489,82)
    turtle.seth(-115)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    turtle.fd(75)
    turtle.seth(-30)
    turtle.circle(450,10)
    turtle.seth(-90)
    turtle.fd(100)
    turtle.seth(-35)
    turtle.circle(50,70)
    turtle.seth(90)
    turtle.fd(95)
    turtle.seth(-12)
    turtle.circle(450,40)
    turtle.seth(110)
    turtle.fd(70)
    turtle.seth(213)
    turtle.circle(-345,64)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill() 


def body():
    
    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor("black") 
    turtle.color("black") 
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的身體
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-489,82)
    turtle.seth(-115)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    turtle.fd(175)
    turtle.circle(120,40)
    turtle.seth(30)
    turtle.circle(200,40)
    turtle.seth(-90)
    turtle.circle(174,180)
    turtle.seth(-70)
    turtle.circle(200,40)
    turtle.seth(70)
    turtle.circle(120,43)
    turtle.fd(175)
    turtle.seth(213)
    turtle.circle(-345,66)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()


def feet():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor((250,175,8)) 
    turtle.color((250,175,8)) 
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的左腳
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-300,-228)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    turtle.fd(200)
    turtle.circle(-10,120)
    turtle.circle(-120,40)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()

    #繪製母企鵝的右腳
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-300,-228)
    turtle.seth(0)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 
    turtle.fd(200)
    turtle.circle(10,120)
    turtle.circle(120,50)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()


def belly():

    #配置畫筆屬性
    turtle.fillcolor("white") 
    turtle.color("white") 
    turtle.speed(1)
    turtle.colormode(255)

    #繪製母企鵝的白色肚皮
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(-305,28)
    turtle.seth(180)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.begin_fill() 

    #畫橢圓
    a=4.5
    for i in range(120):
        if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90:
            a=a+0.1
            turtle.lt(3) 
            turtle.fd(a) 
        else:
            a=a-0.1
            turtle.lt(3)
            turtle.fd(a)
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.end_fill()    

turtle.Turtle().screen.delay(0)

head();
bowknot();
lefteye();
righteye();
mouth();
feet();
body();
belly();
scarf();
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.mainloop()
企鵝代碼

小企鵝生成動畫：spa

3、參考博文

本文中部分基本操做參照 博文 10分鐘輕鬆學會 Python turtle 繪圖3d

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