ansible變量

[root@ansible roles]# cat web.yml 
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  
  tasks:
    - name: create file
      file: name=/tmp/new.file state=touch
    - name: create new user
      user: name=test2 system=yes shell=/sbin/nologin
    - name: install package
      yum: name=httpd  state=installed
    - name: copy html
      copy: src=/root/index.html dest=/var/www/html/index.html
    - name: start service
      service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

添加httpd index文件

[root@ansible ~]# cat index.html
123

測試訪問

[root@ansible ~]# curl 10.0.0.8
123

 

 

 

1. --limit　　選則組裏的某臺機器執行命令

ansible web -m ping --limit 10.0.0.7   
# 只在web組的 10.0.0.7上執行ping 

 

1. --list-tasks　　查看任務列表

[root@ansible roles]# ansible-playbook web.yml --list-tasks

playbook: web.yml

play #1 (web): web TAGS: []
tasks:
create file TAGS: []
create new user TAGS: []
install package TAGS: []
copy html TAGS: []
start service TAGS: []

 

1. handlers 和notify 結合重啓服務

"web.yml" 20L, 546C 12,7 All
- hosts: web
remote_user: root

tasks:
- name: install package
yum: name=httpd state=installed
- name: copy html
copy: src=file/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/ backup=yes
notify: restart httpd
- name: start httpd
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

handlers:
- name: restart httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted enabled=yes

 

一.變量

 

1. - setup 查看內置變量

過濾變量 -setup -a 'ilter =變量'

[root@ansible roles]# ansible web -m setup -a 'filter=*addr'
10.0.0.8 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {}, 
    "changed": false
}

#支持 通配符 *號
[root@ansible roles]# ansible web -m setup -a 'filter=*ipv4'
10.0.0.8 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "ansible_default_ipv4": {
            "address": "10.0.0.8", 
            "alias": "eth0", 
            "broadcast": "10.0.0.255", 
            "gateway": "10.0.0.2", 
            "interface": "eth0", 
            "macaddress": "00:0c:29:24:58:ed", 
            "mtu": 1500, 
            "netmask": "255.255.255.0", 
            "network": "10.0.0.0", 
            "type": "ether"
        }
    }, 
    "changed": false
}

 

 1-2 setup 內置變量應用  

獲取到cpu的核心數.根據服務器的核心數設置nginx worker進行的數量 ,經過remplate.j2 模板

ansible web -m setup | grep process
        "ansible_processor": [
        "ansible_processor_cores": 1, 
        "ansible_processor_count": 2, 
        "ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1, 
        "ansible_processor_vcpus": 2, 

寫好劇本,

[root@ansible roles]# cat templa.yml 
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  
  tasks:
    - name: install nginx
      yum: name=nginx state=installed
    - name: copy conf
      template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      notify: restart ngx
      tags: restart ngx
    - name: start nginx
      service: name=nginx state=started 

  handlers:
    - name: restart ngx
      service: name=nginx state=restarted 

寫變量文件

[root@ansible roles]# cat templates/nginx.conf.j2 
worker_processes {{ ansible_processor_vcpus **2 }};  #**2表示cpu核心的2次方 *2 是2的倍數, 好比服務器核心是2個2次方就是4個,nginx重啓後 worker進程是4個,

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen {{ http_port }};
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}

2 .playbook中定義引用變量,命令行種調用

[root@ansible roles]# cat line.yml
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: install package
      yum: name={{ pkname }}  state=installed
    - name: start httpd
      service: name={{ pkname }} state=started enabled=yes

　　　　命令行中 -e 調用playbook 中的變量    變量優先級 1

ansible-playbook -e 'pkname=redis' -C  app.yml

 

　3.　playbook中定義變量  vars: 定義變量  yum模塊在playbook中直接引用變量

- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  vars: - pkg1: httpd
    - pkg2: mysql

  tasks:
    - name: install package
      yum: name={{ pkg1 }}  state=installed
    - name: install package
      yum: name={{ pkg2 }}  state=installed

 　　4.　下在playbook外面定義變量 playbook中引用變量

寫把變量寫到var.yml文件裏

[root@ansible roles]# cat var.yml 
var1: httpd
var2: vsftpd

 寫劇本

[root@ansible roles]# cat testvar.yml 
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  var_files: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#用個名字引用外面定義的變量 - vars.yml:
  
  tast:
    - name: install pkg　　
      yum: name={{ var1 }}　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#安裝httpd - name: create file
      file: name=/tmp/{{ var2 }}.log state=touch 　　#在tmp下建立vsftpd日誌文件

 

     執行結果就是安裝 httpd 和mysql

二. 主機清單變量

　　　2.1　　對組內主機定義不一樣變量此時 內的主機會有不一樣的端口   　　　　變量優先級 2

[web]　　　　
10.0.0.52 http_port=81　　　　#只對 52主機生效
10.0.0.53 http_port=82　　　　 #只對 53生效
 　　

 模版文件配置 結合模板把nginx配置文件複製到主機,nginx會啓動主機清單裏的端口

cat templates/nginx.conf.j2

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen {{ http_port }}; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }

劇本文件

[root@ansible roles]# cat templa.yml

- hosts: web
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: install nginx
      yum: name=nginx state=installed
    - name: copy conf
      template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      notify: restart ngx
      tags: restart ngx
    - name: start nginx
      service: name=nginx state=started

  handlers:
    - name: restart ngx
      service: name=nginx state=restarted

 

　　　2.2　　　對組內的主機定義相同的變量　　　　　　　　　　　　　　變量優先級 3

好比web組裏有1000個主機,要寫端口爲2020,就得寫1000個,下面給web組設置個變量寫好端口

省的重複在web裏寫http_prot=2020

[web]
10.0.0.51
10.0.0.52
10.0.0.53

[web:vars]
http_prot=2020   對web組的全部主機生效

 

還能夠命令行指定變量 　　優先級最高

ansible-playbook -e " httpd_port=99"t empla.yml

 

 

 

二. template 模板