權限、權限、權限,必需要先獲取了錄音權限,其餘的事情晚點再說。java
另外,新版本的Android 10系統會對錄音有調整,引入了一個錄音焦點的概念,也就是說之前的麥克風只能一個APP使用,必需要等它斷開了別人才能用,如今換成能夠搶的形式,也就是若是沒有音焦,代碼有可能不會報錯,可是是錄不進聲音的。android
Android系統API提供的錄音方式就兩種:MediaRecorder、AudioRecordide
MediaRecorder:簡易模式,調用簡單,只有開始、結束,錄音以後的文件也是指定編碼格式,系統播放器能夠直接播放。post
AudioRecord:原始模式,能夠暫停、繼續,能夠實時獲取到錄音錄製的數據,而後進行一些騷操做,而後錄出來的東西是最原始的pcm數據,系統播放器不能直接播放。this
話很少說,直接上代碼,具體用法,直接將須要保存文件的路徑經過構造方法傳進去,而後調用開始和結束方法便可:編碼
import android.media.MediaRecorder; import android.os.Handler; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; /** * 錄音功能 */ public class MediaRecordingUtils { //文件路徑 private String filePath; private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder; private final String TAG = "fan"; public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 1000 * 60 * 200;// 最大錄音時長,單位毫秒,1000*60*10; private OnAudioStatusUpdateListener audioStatusUpdateListener; /** * 文件存儲默認sdcard/record */ public MediaRecordingUtils() { } public MediaRecordingUtils(String filePath) { this.filePath=filePath; // File path = new File(filePath); // if (!path.exists()) // path.mkdirs(); // this.FolderPath = filePath; } private long startTime; private long endTime; /** * 開始錄音 使用aac格式 * 錄音文件 * * @return */ public void startRecord() { // 開始錄音 /* ①Initial:實例化MediaRecorder對象 */ if (mMediaRecorder == null) mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(); try { /* ②setAudioSource/setVedioSource */ mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);// 設置麥克風 /* ②設置音頻文件的編碼:AAC/AMR_NB/AMR_MB/Default 聲音的(波形)的採樣 */ mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.DEFAULT); /* * ②設置輸出文件的格式:THREE_GPP/MPEG-4/RAW_AMR/Default THREE_GPP(3gp格式 * ,H263視頻/ARM音頻編碼)、MPEG-四、RAW_AMR(只支持音頻且音頻編碼要求爲AMR_NB) */ mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC); // filePath = FolderPath + DateUtil.getTimeForLong() + ".aac"; /* ③準備 */ mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(filePath); mMediaRecorder.setMaxDuration(MAX_LENGTH); mMediaRecorder.prepare(); /* ④開始 */ mMediaRecorder.start(); // AudioRecord audioRecord. /* 獲取開始時間* */ startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); updateMicStatus(); ALog.e("fan", "startTime" + startTime); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { ALog.e(TAG, "call startAmr(File mRecAudioFile) failed!" + e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { ALog.e(TAG, "call startAmr(File mRecAudioFile) failed!" + e.getMessage()); } } /** * 中止錄音 */ public long stopRecord() { if (mMediaRecorder == null) return 0L; endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); //有一些網友反應在5.0以上在調用stop的時候會報錯,翻閱了一下谷歌文檔發現上面確實寫的有可能會報錯的狀況,捕獲異常清理一下就好了,感謝你們反饋! try { mMediaRecorder.stop(); mMediaRecorder.reset(); mMediaRecorder.release(); mMediaRecorder = null; audioStatusUpdateListener.onStop(filePath); filePath = ""; } catch (RuntimeException e) { try { mMediaRecorder.reset(); mMediaRecorder.release(); mMediaRecorder = null; File file = new File(filePath); if (file.exists()) file.delete(); filePath = ""; } catch (Exception e1) { } } return endTime - startTime; } /** * 取消錄音 */ public void cancelRecord() { try { mMediaRecorder.stop(); mMediaRecorder.reset(); mMediaRecorder.release(); mMediaRecorder = null; } catch (RuntimeException e) { mMediaRecorder.reset(); mMediaRecorder.release(); mMediaRecorder = null; } File file = new File(filePath); if (file.exists()) file.delete(); filePath = ""; } private final Handler mHandler = new Handler(); private Runnable mUpdateMicStatusTimer = new Runnable() { public void run() { updateMicStatus(); } }; private int BASE = 1; private int SPACE = 100;// 間隔取樣時間 public void setOnAudioStatusUpdateListener(OnAudioStatusUpdateListener audioStatusUpdateListener) { this.audioStatusUpdateListener = audioStatusUpdateListener; } /** * 更新麥克狀態 */ private void updateMicStatus() { if (mMediaRecorder != null) { double ratio = (double) mMediaRecorder.getMaxAmplitude() / BASE; double db = 0;// 分貝 if (ratio > 1) { db = 20 * Math.log10(ratio); if (null != audioStatusUpdateListener) { audioStatusUpdateListener.onUpdate(db, System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime); } } mHandler.postDelayed(mUpdateMicStatusTimer, SPACE); } } public String getFilePath() { return filePath; } public interface OnAudioStatusUpdateListener { /** * 錄音中... * * @param db 當前聲音分貝 * @param time 錄音時長 */ public void onUpdate(double db, long time); /** * 中止錄音 * * @param filePath 保存路徑 */ public void onStop(String filePath); } }
/** * 錄音 * 用法:1-init,filePath文件的後綴爲.pcm 2-start 3-stop * stop以後,全部的音頻數據會以pcm的格式寫入到filePath這個文件內,而且是末尾添加的方式,而非覆蓋(以達到暫停錄音繼續錄音的效果),須要轉換爲其餘格式才能讓系統播放器直接播放 */ public class AudioRecordingUtils { //指定音頻源 這個和MediaRecorder是相同的 MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC指的是麥克風 private static final int mAudioSource = MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC; //指定採樣率 (MediaRecoder 的採樣率一般是8000Hz AAC的一般是44100Hz。 設置採樣率爲44100,目前爲經常使用的採樣率,官方文檔表示這個值能夠兼容全部的設置) private static final int mSampleRateInHz = 44100; //指定捕獲音頻的聲道數目。在AudioFormat類中指定用於此的常量 private static final int mChannelConfig = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO; //立體聲 //指定音頻量化位數 ,在AudioFormaat類中指定了如下各類可能的常量。一般咱們選擇ENCODING_PCM_16BIT和ENCODING_PCM_8BIT PCM表明的是脈衝編碼調製,它其實是原始音頻樣本。 //所以能夠設置每一個樣本的分辨率爲16位或者8位,16位將佔用更多的空間和處理能力,表示的音頻也更加接近真實。 private static final int mAudioFormat = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT; //指定緩衝區大小。調用AudioRecord類的getMinBufferSize方法能夠得到。 private AudioRecord audioRecord = null; // 聲明 AudioRecord 對象 private int recordBufSize = 0; // 聲明recoordBufffer的大小字段 private boolean isRecording = false; private String saveFilePath; // private FileOutputStream os = null; private File mRecordingFile; private OnAudioRecordingListener onAudioRecordingListener; public void init(String filePath, OnAudioRecordingListener onAudioRecordingListener) { this.onAudioRecordingListener = onAudioRecordingListener; saveFilePath = filePath; recordBufSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(mSampleRateInHz, mChannelConfig, mAudioFormat);//計算最小緩衝區 audioRecord = new AudioRecord(mAudioSource, mSampleRateInHz, mChannelConfig, mAudioFormat, recordBufSize);//建立AudioRecorder對象 //建立一個流,存放從AudioRecord讀取的數據 mRecordingFile = new File(saveFilePath); if (mRecordingFile.exists()) {//音頻文件保存過了刪除 mRecordingFile.delete(); } try { mRecordingFile.createNewFile();//建立新文件 } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); ALog.e("lu", "建立儲存音頻文件出錯"); } } public static double bytes2Double(byte[] arr) { long value = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { value |= ((long) (arr[i] & 0xff)) << (8 * i); } return Double.longBitsToDouble(value); } public void startRecording() { //判斷AudioRecord的狀態是否初始化完畢 //在AudioRecord對象構造完畢以後,就處於AudioRecord.STATE_INITIALIZED狀態了。 if (audioRecord == null || audioRecord.getState() == AudioRecord.STATE_UNINITIALIZED) { ALog.e("還沒有初始化完成"); return; } XyObservable.addTask(new XyCallBack() {//開一個子線程的意思 private double volume = 0; @Override public void run() { //標記爲開始採集狀態 isRecording = true; try { //獲取到文件的數據流 DataOutputStream mDataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(mRecordingFile, true))); byte[] buffer = new byte[recordBufSize]; audioRecord.startRecording();//開始錄音 //getRecordingState獲取當前AudioReroding是否正在採集數據的狀態 while (isRecording && audioRecord.getRecordingState() == AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING) { int bufferReadResult = audioRecord.read(buffer, 0, recordBufSize); for (int i = 0; i < bufferReadResult; i++) { mDataOutputStream.write(buffer[i]); } setFinish();//這裏會調到下面的finish()方法,finish()方法處於UI線程中 } mDataOutputStream.close(); } catch (Throwable t) { ALog.e("lu", "Recording Failed"); stopRecording(); } } @Override public void finish() { if (onAudioRecordingListener != null) { onAudioRecordingListener.onChange(volume); } } }); } /** * 暫停錄音 */ public void pauseRecording() { isRecording = false; if (audioRecord.getRecordingState() == AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING) { audioRecord.stop(); } } //中止錄音 public void stopRecording() { isRecording = false; //中止錄音,回收AudioRecord對象,釋放內存 if (audioRecord != null) { if (audioRecord.getRecordingState() == AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING) { audioRecord.stop(); } if (audioRecord.getState() == AudioRecord.STATE_INITIALIZED) { audioRecord.release(); } } } public interface OnAudioRecordingListener { public void onChange(double volume); } }
而後再附帶一個將原始pcm轉換爲wav格式的方法:spa
public class Pcm2WavUtils { /** * PCM文件轉WAV文件 * * @param inPcmFilePath 輸入PCM文件路徑 * @param outWavFilePath 輸出WAV文件路徑 * @param sampleRate 採樣率,例如44100 * @param channels 聲道數 單聲道:1或雙聲道:2 * @param bitNum 採樣位數,8或16 */ public void convertPcm2Wav(String inPcmFilePath, String outWavFilePath, int sampleRate, int channels, int bitNum) { FileInputStream in = null; FileOutputStream out = null; byte[] data = new byte[1024]; try { //採樣字節byte率 long byteRate = sampleRate * channels * bitNum / 8; in = new FileInputStream(inPcmFilePath); out = new FileOutputStream(outWavFilePath); //PCM文件大小 long totalAudioLen = in.getChannel().size(); //總大小,因爲不包括RIFF和WAV,因此是44 - 8 = 36,在加上PCM文件大小 long totalDataLen = totalAudioLen + 36; writeWaveFileHeader(out, totalAudioLen, totalDataLen, sampleRate, channels, byteRate); int length = 0; while ((length = in.read(data)) > 0) { out.write(data, 0, length); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (in != null) { try { in.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (out != null) { try { out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } /** * 輸出WAV文件 * * @param out WAV輸出文件流 * @param totalAudioLen 整個音頻PCM數據大小 * @param totalDataLen 整個數據大小 * @param sampleRate 採樣率 * @param channels 聲道數 * @param byteRate 採樣字節byte率 * @throws IOException */ private void writeWaveFileHeader(FileOutputStream out, long totalAudioLen, long totalDataLen, int sampleRate, int channels, long byteRate) throws IOException { byte[] header = new byte[44]; header[0] = 'R'; // RIFF header[1] = 'I'; header[2] = 'F'; header[3] = 'F'; header[4] = (byte) (totalDataLen & 0xff);//數據大小 header[5] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 8) & 0xff); header[6] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 16) & 0xff); header[7] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 24) & 0xff); header[8] = 'W';//WAVE header[9] = 'A'; header[10] = 'V'; header[11] = 'E'; //FMT Chunk header[12] = 'f'; // 'fmt ' header[13] = 'm'; header[14] = 't'; header[15] = ' ';//過渡字節 //數據大小 header[16] = 16; // 4 bytes: size of 'fmt ' chunk header[17] = 0; header[18] = 0; header[19] = 0; //編碼方式 10H爲PCM編碼格式 header[20] = 1; // format = 1 header[21] = 0; //通道數 header[22] = (byte) channels; header[23] = 0; //採樣率,每一個通道的播放速度 header[24] = (byte) (sampleRate & 0xff); header[25] = (byte) ((sampleRate >> 8) & 0xff); header[26] = (byte) ((sampleRate >> 16) & 0xff); header[27] = (byte) ((sampleRate >> 24) & 0xff); //音頻數據傳送速率,採樣率*通道數*採樣深度/8 header[28] = (byte) (byteRate & 0xff); header[29] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 8) & 0xff); header[30] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 16) & 0xff); header[31] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 24) & 0xff); // 肯定系統一次要處理多少個這樣字節的數據,肯定緩衝區,通道數*採樣位數 header[32] = (byte) (channels * 16 / 8); header[33] = 0; //每一個樣本的數據位數 header[34] = 16; header[35] = 0; //Data chunk header[36] = 'd';//data header[37] = 'a'; header[38] = 't'; header[39] = 'a'; header[40] = (byte) (totalAudioLen & 0xff); header[41] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 8) & 0xff); header[42] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 16) & 0xff); header[43] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 24) & 0xff); out.write(header, 0, 44); } }