.net xml 增刪改查基礎複習及乾貨分享

今天作作項目時，有一個需求須要用到一些固定的文本數據，以爲將這些須要存儲的信息直接寫在代碼裏很不友好，放在數據庫中存儲又以爲不夠方便，天然就想到了使用xml來進行操做，我日常在項目中其實用到xml的機會並很少，今天既然碰到了，就再溫故知新一下吧....

xml簡述

xml被設計用來傳輸和存儲數據。（html被設計用來顯示數據）

• xml指可擴展標記語言（Extensible Markup Language）
• xml是一種標記語言，很相似html
• xml的設計宗旨是傳輸數據，而非顯示數據
• xml標籤沒有被預約義。您須要自行定義標籤
• xml被設計爲具備自我描述性
• xml是w3c的推薦標準

C#操做XML的基本操做：增刪改查

demo示例代碼：

<？xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8">
<info>
   <userinfo>
     <name>花哥</name>
     <age>26</age>
     <email>921442206@qq.com</email>
     <website>51chiheng.com</website>
  </userinfo>
</info>

增長：

XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();
xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));//加載xml文件 
XmlNode root = xmld.SelectSingleNode("info");//查找info根節點

 XmlElement xml0 = xmld.CreateElement("userinfo");
 xml0.SetAttribute("realname", "花**");

XmlElement xml1 = xmld.CreateElement("age");//建立一個age節點
xml1.InnerText ="26";
xml0.AppendChild(xml1);//添加

XmlElement xml2 = xmld.CreateElement("email");//建立emial節點
xml2.InnerText ="921442206@qq.com";
xml0.AppendChild(xml2);//添加

XmlElement xml3 = xmld.CreateElement("website");//建立一個website節點
xml3.InnerText = "51chiheng.com";
xml0.AppendChild(xml3);//添加

root.AppendChild(xml0);
 xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));

刪除操做：

XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();

xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));

XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("info").ChildNodes;

foreach (XmlNode var in list)
   {
      XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)var;
      if (xmle.GetAttribute("readname") == "花**")
       {
           xmle.RemoveAll();
           xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));//刪除後記得必定要保存
           Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "alert('刪除成功!!');", true);
            }
            else
            {
                Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "alert('刪除失敗!!');", true);
            }
       }

 

修改操做：

XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();  xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("App_Code/Message.xml"));
 XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("messageList").ChildNodes;

 foreach (XmlNode xmln in list)
 {
   XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)xmln;//格式轉換
   if ("花**".Equals(xmle.GetAttribute("readname")))
   {
     xmle.ChildNodes[0].InnerText = "111";
     xmle.ChildNodes[1].InnerText = "222";
     xmle.ChildNodes[2].InnerText = "333";
     xmle.ChildNodes[3].InnerText = "444";
     xmld.Save(Server.MapPath("myfolder/userinfo.xml"));
     Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(this.GetType(), "", "alert('修改爲功！！！');location.href='index.aspx'",true);
   }
 }

 

查詢操做：

//下面的代碼開始是用頁面編碼的方式實現的
XmlDocument xmld = new XmlDocument();//構建xml文檔
xmld.Load(Server.MapPath("App_Code/Message.xml"));//加載

XmlNodeList list = xmld.SelectSingleNode("messageList").ChildNodes;//獲取子節點
 if (list!=null)
    {
       foreach (XmlNode node in list)
       {
         XmlElement xmle = (XmlElement)node;//轉換
         //todo.... 
        }
     }

 

最後分享一點乾貨，聰明的程序員會學會站在巨人的肩膀上去眺望遠方，而不是一直悶頭苦幹的造輪胎,感謝蘇飛大神！

/// <summary>
/// 好東西分享： xml幫助類大全
/// 類說明：【感謝蘇飛大俠分享的好東西】
/// </summary>
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
 
namespace DotNet.Utilities
{
    public class XMLProcess
    {
        #region 構造函數
        public XMLProcess()
        { }
 
        public XMLProcess(string strPath)
        {
            this._XMLPath = strPath;
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 公有屬性
        private string _XMLPath;
        public string XMLPath
        {
            get { return this._XMLPath; }
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 私有方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 導入XML文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="XMLPath">XML文件路徑</param>
        private XmlDocument XMLLoad()
        {
            string XMLFile = XMLPath;
            XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
            try
            {
                string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLFile;
                if (File.Exists(filename)) xmldoc.Load(filename);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            { }
            return xmldoc;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 導入XML文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="XMLPath">XML文件路徑</param>
        private static XmlDocument XMLLoad(string strPath)
        {
            XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
            try
            {
                string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + strPath;
                if (File.Exists(filename)) xmldoc.Load(filename);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            { }
            return xmldoc;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回完整路徑
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strPath">Xml的路徑</param>
        private static string GetXmlFullPath(string strPath)
        {
            if (strPath.IndexOf(":") > 0)
            {
                return strPath;
            }
            else
            {
                return System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(strPath);
            }
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 讀取數據
        /// <summary>
        /// 讀取指定節點的數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Read("/Node", "")
        /// XMLProsess.Read("/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']")
        public string Read(string node)
        {
            string value = "";
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                value = xn.InnerText;
            }
            catch { }
            return value;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 讀取指定路徑和節點的串聯值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時返回該屬性值，不然返回串聯值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node", "")
        /// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']")
        public static string Read(string path, string node)
        {
            string value = "";
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                value = xn.InnerText;
            }
            catch { }
            return value;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 讀取指定路徑和節點的屬性值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時返回該屬性值，不然返回串聯值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node", "")
        /// XMLProsess.Read(path, "/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']", "Attribute")
        public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)
        {
            string value = "";
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);
            }
            catch { }
            return value;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取某一節點的全部孩子節點的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="node">要查詢的節點</param>
        public string[] ReadAllChildallValue(string node)
        {
            int i = 0;
            string[] str = { };
            XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
            XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
            XmlNodeList nodelist = xn.ChildNodes;  //獲得該節點的子節點
            if (nodelist.Count > 0)
            {
                str = new string[nodelist.Count];
                foreach (XmlElement el in nodelist)//讀元素值
                {
                    str[i] = el.Value;
                    i++;
                }
            }
            return str;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取某一節點的全部孩子節點的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="node">要查詢的節點</param>
        public XmlNodeList ReadAllChild(string node)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
            XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
            XmlNodeList nodelist = xn.ChildNodes;  //獲得該節點的子節點
            return nodelist;
        }
 
        /// <summary> 
        /// 讀取XML返回經排序或篩選後的DataView
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strWhere">篩選條件，如:"name='kgdiwss'"</param>
        /// <param name="strSort"> 排序條件，如:"Id desc"</param>
        public DataView GetDataViewByXml(string strWhere, string strSort)
        {
            try
            {
                string XMLFile = this.XMLPath;
                string filename = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLFile;
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXml(filename);
                DataView dv = new DataView(ds.Tables[0]); //建立DataView來完成排序或篩選操做  
                if (strSort != null)
                {
                    dv.Sort = strSort; //對DataView中的記錄進行排序
                }
                if (strWhere != null)
                {
                    dv.RowFilter = strWhere; //對DataView中的記錄進行篩選，找到咱們想要的記錄
                }
                return dv;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 讀取XML返回DataSet
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件相對路徑</param>
        public DataSet GetDataSetByXml(string strXmlPath)
        {
            try
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                if (ds.Tables.Count > 0)
                {
                    return ds;
                }
                return null;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 插入數據
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="element">元素名，非空時插入新元素，不然在該元素中插入屬性</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時插入該元素屬性值，不然插入元素值</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "", "Value")
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "Attribute", "Value")
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Attribute", "Value")
        public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
                doc.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                if (element.Equals(""))
                {
                    if (!attribute.Equals(""))
                    {
                        XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
                        xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
                    if (attribute.Equals(""))
                        xe.InnerText = value;
                    else
                        xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
                    xn.AppendChild(xe);
                }
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="element">元素名，非空時插入新元素，不然在該元素中插入屬性</param>
        /// <param name="strList">由XML屬性名和值組成的二維數組</param>
        public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string[][] strList)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
                doc.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
                string strAttribute = "";
                string strValue = "";
                for (int i = 0; i < strList.Length; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < strList[i].Length; j++)
                    {
                        if (j == 0)
                            strAttribute = strList[i][j];
                        else
                            strValue = strList[i][j];
                    }
                    if (strAttribute.Equals(""))
                        xe.InnerText = strValue;
                    else
                        xe.SetAttribute(strAttribute, strValue);
                }
                xn.AppendChild(xe);
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入一行數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件相對路徑</param>
        /// <param name="Columns">要插入行的列名數組，如：string[] Columns = {"name","IsMarried"};</param>
        /// <param name="ColumnValue">要插入行每列的值數組，如：string[] ColumnValue={"XML大全","false"};</param>
        /// <returns>成功返回true,不然返回false</returns>
        public static bool WriteXmlByDataSet(string strXmlPath, string[] Columns, string[] ColumnValue)
        {
            try
            {
                //根據傳入的XML路徑獲得.XSD的路徑，兩個文件放在同一個目錄下
                string strXsdPath = strXmlPath.Substring(0, strXmlPath.IndexOf(".")) + ".xsd";
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXmlSchema(GetXmlFullPath(strXsdPath)); //讀XML架構，關係到列的數據類型
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];
                DataRow newRow = dt.NewRow();                 //在原來的表格基礎上建立新行
                for (int i = 0; i < Columns.Length; i++)      //循環給一行中的各個列賦值
                {
                    newRow[Columns[i]] = ColumnValue[i];
                }
                dt.Rows.Add(newRow);
                dt.AcceptChanges();
                ds.AcceptChanges();
                ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 修改數據
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改指定節點的數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        public void Update(string node, string value)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad();
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                xn.InnerText = value;
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + XMLPath);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改指定節點的數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node","Value")
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node","Value")
        public static void Update(string path, string node, string value)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                xn.InnerText = value;
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改指定節點的屬性值(靜態)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時修改該節點屬性值，不然修改節點值</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Value")
        /// XMLProsess.Insert(path, "/Node", "Attribute", "Value")
        public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
                if (attribute.Equals(""))
                    xe.InnerText = value;
                else
                    xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 更改符合條件的一條記錄
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strXmlPath">XML文件路徑</param>
        /// <param name="Columns">列名數組</param>
        /// <param name="ColumnValue">列值數組</param>
        /// <param name="strWhereColumnName">條件列名</param>
        /// <param name="strWhereColumnValue">條件列值</param>
        public static bool UpdateXmlRow(string strXmlPath, string[] Columns, string[] ColumnValue, string strWhereColumnName, string strWhereColumnValue)
        {
            try
            {
                string strXsdPath = strXmlPath.Substring(0, strXmlPath.IndexOf(".")) + ".xsd";
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXmlSchema(GetXmlFullPath(strXsdPath));//讀XML架構，關係到列的數據類型
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
 
                //先判斷行數
                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
                    {
                        //若是當前記錄爲符合Where條件的記錄
                        if (ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][strWhereColumnName].ToString().Trim().Equals(strWhereColumnValue))
                        {
                            //循環給找到行的各列賦新值
                            for (int j = 0; j < Columns.Length; j++)
                            {
                                ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][Columns[j]] = ColumnValue[j];
                            }
                            ds.AcceptChanges();                     //更新DataSet
                            ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));//從新寫入XML文件
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
 
                }
                return false;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        #endregion
 
        #region 刪除數據
        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除節點值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時刪除該節點屬性值，不然刪除節點值</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "")
        /// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "Attribute")
        public static void Delete(string path, string node)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                xn.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xn);
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">路徑</param>
        /// <param name="node">節點</param>
        /// <param name="attribute">屬性名，非空時刪除該節點屬性值，不然刪除節點值</param>
        /// <param name="value">值</param>
        /// 使用示列:
        /// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "")
        /// XMLProsess.Delete(path, "/Node", "Attribute")
        public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)
        {
            try
            {
                XmlDocument doc = XMLLoad(path);
                XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
                XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
                if (attribute.Equals(""))
                    xn.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xn);
                else
                    xe.RemoveAttribute(attribute);
                doc.Save(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + path);
            }
            catch { }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除全部行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strXmlPath">XML路徑</param>
        public static bool DeleteXmlAllRows(string strXmlPath)
        {
            try
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    ds.Tables[0].Rows.Clear();
                }
                ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 經過刪除DataSet中指定索引行，重寫XML以實現刪除指定行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="iDeleteRow">要刪除的行在DataSet中的Index值</param>
        public static bool DeleteXmlRowByIndex(string strXmlPath, int iDeleteRow)
        {
            try
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    ds.Tables[0].Rows[iDeleteRow].Delete();
                }
                ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除指定列中指定值的行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strXmlPath">XML相對路徑</param>
        /// <param name="strColumn">列名</param>
        /// <param name="ColumnValue">指定值</param>
        public static bool DeleteXmlRows(string strXmlPath, string strColumn, string[] ColumnValue)
        {
            try
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                ds.ReadXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    //判斷行多仍是刪除的值多，多的for循環放在裏面
                    if (ColumnValue.Length > ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count)
                    {
                        for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
                        {
                            for (int j = 0; j < ColumnValue.Length; j++)
                            {
                                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][strColumn].ToString().Trim().Equals(ColumnValue[j]))
                                {
                                    ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].Delete();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        for (int j = 0; j < ColumnValue.Length; j++)
                        {
                            for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
                            {
                                if (ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][strColumn].ToString().Trim().Equals(ColumnValue[j]))
                                {
                                    ds.Tables[0].Rows[i].Delete();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    ds.WriteXml(GetXmlFullPath(strXmlPath));
                }
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

View Code