[1] 安裝 httpd. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install httpd # 刪除默認歡迎頁面 [root@linuxprobe ~]# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf [2] 配置httpd,將服務器名稱替換爲您本身的環境 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # line 86: 改變管理員的郵箱地址 ServerAdmin root@linuxprobe.org # line 95: 改變域名信息 ServerName www.linuxprobe.org:80 # line 151: none變成All AllowOverride All # line 164: 添加只能使用目錄名稱訪問的文件名 DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.php # add follows to the end # server's response header(安全性) ServerTokens Prod # keepalive is ON KeepAlive On [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl enable httpd [3] 若是Firewalld正在運行,請容許HTTP服務。,HTTP使用80 / TCP [root@linuxprobe ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent success [root@linuxprobe ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success [4] 建立一個HTML測試頁,並使用Web瀏覽器從客戶端PC訪問它。若是顯示如下頁面,是正確的 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/index.html <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> Welcome access LinuxProbe.org,This is Test Page! </div> </body> </html>
[1] 安裝Perl. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install perl perl-CGI [2] 默認狀況下,在「/var/www/cgi-bin」目錄下容許CGI。 可使用Perl Scripts放在目錄下。然而,它下面的全部文件都被處理爲CGI。 # 下面的設置是CGI的設置 [root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" [3] 若是你想容許在其餘目錄中的CGI,配置以下。 例如,在「/var/www/html/cgi-enabled」中容許。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf # create new # processes .cgi and .pl as CGI scripts <Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled"> Options +ExecCGI AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl </Directory> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [4] 若是SELinux被啓用,而且容許CGI在不是像上面[3]的默認目錄下,更改規則以下。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/linuxprobe/html/cgi-enabled [root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled [5] 建立一個CGI測試頁面,並使用Web瀏覽器從客戶端PC訪問它。若是顯示如下頁面,說明配置正確。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.cgi #!/usr/bin/perl print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"; print "<html>\n<body>\n"; print "<div style=\"width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;\">\n"; print "CGI Test Page"; print "\n</div>\n"; print "</body>\n</html>\n"; [root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.cgi
[1] 安裝PHP. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install php php-mbstring php-pear [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/php.ini # line 878: 取消註釋,設置時區 date.timezone = "Asia/Shanghai" [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [2] 建立一個PHP測試頁面,並使用Web瀏覽器從客戶端PC訪問它。若是顯示如下頁面,它是肯定。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/index.php <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> <?php print Date("Y/m/d"); ?> </div> </body> </html>
[3] 建立phpinfo測試頁,確認是都開啓php支持
[root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/phpinfo.php
[1] 安裝Ruby. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install ruby [2] 默認狀況下,在「/var/www/cgi-bin」目錄下容許CGI。 可使用Perl Scripts放在目錄下。然而,它下面的全部文件都被處理爲CGI。 # 下面的設置是CGI的設置 [root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" [3] 若是你想容許在其餘目錄中的CGI,配置以下。 例如,在「/var/www/html/cgi-enabled」中容許。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf # create new # processes .rb as CGI scripts <Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled"> Options +ExecCGI AddHandler cgi-script .rb </Directory> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [4] 若是SELinux被啓用,而且容許CGI在不是像上面[3]的默認目錄下,更改規則以下。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled [root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled [5] Create a CGI test page and access to it from client PC with web browser. It's OK if following page is shown. [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.rb #!/usr/bin/ruby print "Content-type: text/html\n\n" print "<html>\n<body>\n" print "<div style=\"width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;\">\n" print "Ruby Script Test Page" print "\n</div>\n" print "</body>\n</html>\n" [root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.rb
[1] 安裝python. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install python [2] 默認狀況下,在「/var/www/cgi-bin」目錄下容許CGI。 可使用Perl Scripts放在目錄下。然而,它下面的全部文件都被處理爲CGI。 # 下面的設置是CGI的設置 [root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" [3] 若是你想容許在其餘目錄中的CGI,配置以下。 例如,在「/var/www/html/cgi-enabled」中容許。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf # create new # processes .py as CGI scripts <Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled"> Options +ExecCGI AddHandler cgi-script .py </Directory> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [4] 若是SELinux被啓用,而且容許CGI在不是像上面[3]的默認目錄下,更改規則以下。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled [root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled [5] Create a CGI test page and access to it from client PC with web browser. It's OK if following page is shown. [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.py #!/usr/bin/env python print "Content-type: text/html\n\n" print "<html>\n<body>\n" print "<div style=\"width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;\">\n" print "Python Script Test Page" print "\n</div>\n" print "</body>\n</html>\n" [root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.py
[1] 配置 httpd. [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf # line 17: comment out #UserDir disabled # line 24: uncomment UserDir public_html # line 31 - 35 <Directory "/home/*/public_html"> AllowOverride All # change Options None # change Require method GET POST OPTIONS </Directory> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [2] 建立一個測試頁,使用普通用戶經過客戶端PC與Web瀏覽器和訪問它,若是顯示如下頁面,就是正確的 [cent@linuxprobe ~]$ mkdir public_html [cent@linuxprobe ~]$ chmod 711 /home/cent [cent@linuxprobe ~]$ chmod 755 /home/cent/public_html [cent@linuxprobe ~]$ vi ./public_html/index.html <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> UserDir Test Page </div> </body> </html>
瀏覽器訪問:http://linuxprobe.org/~wang/,出現以下界面 php
[1] 配置虛擬主機 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf # for original domain <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/html ServerName www.linuxprobe.org </VirtualHost> # for virtual domain <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /home/cent/public_html ServerName www.virtual.host ServerAdmin webmaster@virtual.host ErrorLog logs/virtual.host-error_log CustomLog logs/virtual.host-access_log combined </VirtualHost> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [2]建立測試頁並使用Web瀏覽器從客戶端計算機訪問它。若是顯示如下頁面,則是正確的: [cent@linuxprobe ~]$ vi ~/public_html/virtual.php <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> Virtual Host Test Page </div> </body> </html> [3]若是訪問測試時看不到相應頁面,可經過下面命令進行測試: [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install elinks^C [root@linuxprobe ~]# elinks http://www.virtual.host/virtual.php
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/cert cert.pem certs/ [root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/ [root@linuxprobe certs]# make server.key umask 77 ; \ /usr/bin/openssl genrsa -aes128 2048 > server.key Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus ...............................................................+++ ....................................................................................................+++ e is 65537 (0x10001) Enter pass phrase: Verifying - Enter pass phrase: [root@linuxprobe certs]# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key Enter pass phrase for server.key: writing RSA key [root@linuxprobe certs]# make server.csr umask 77 ; \ /usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -new -key server.key -out server.csr You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN #國家後綴 State or Province Name (full name) []:Shanghai #省 Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Shanghai #市 Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:LinuxProbe #公司 Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:DevOps #部門 Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:linuxprobe.org #主機名 Email Address []:root@linuxprobe.org #郵箱 Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: #默認 An optional company name []: #默認 # [root@linuxprobe certs]# openssl x509 -in server.csr -out server.crt -req -signkey server.key -days 3650 Signature ok subject=/C=CN/ST=Shanghai/L=Shanghai/O=LinuxProbe/OU=DevOps/CN=linuxprobe.org/emailAddress=root@linuxprobe.org Getting Private key
[1] 配置SSL. [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf # line 59: 取消註釋 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # line 60: 取消註釋,定義域名 ServerName linuxprobe.org:443 # line 75: 改變SSLProtocol SSLProtocol -All +TLSv1 +TLSv1.1 +TLSv1.2 # line 100: 改爲剛剛建立的server.crt SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.crt # line 107: 改爲剛剛建立的server.key SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.key [root@www ~]# systemctl restart httpd [2] 若是Firewalld正在運行,請容許HTTPS服務。 HTTPS使用443 / TCP [root@www ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent success [root@www ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success [3] 使用Web瀏覽器經過HTTPS從客戶端計算機訪問測試頁。下面的示例是Fiorefix。顯示如下屏幕,由於證書是本身建立的,但它沒有ploblem,繼續下一步。
[1]例如,在目錄[/var/www/html/auth-basic]下設置基自己份驗證設置。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/auth_basic.conf # 建立新配置文件 <Directory /var/www/html/auth-basic> AuthType Basic AuthName "Basic Authentication" AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd require valid-user </Directory> # 添加用戶:使用「-c」建立新文件(僅爲初始註冊添加「-c」選項) [root@linuxprobe ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd wang New password: # set password Re-type new password: # confirm Adding password for user wang [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/auth-basic [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/auth-basic/index.html # create a test page <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: wanger;"> Test Page for Basic Auth </div> </body> </html> [2] 使用Web瀏覽器從客戶端計算機訪問測試頁。而後須要認證,以下所示做爲設置,用在[1]中添加的用戶回答
[3] 訪問成功 css
[1] 建立證書,請參照上文所述。 [2] 例如,在[/var/www/html/auth-pam]目錄下設置Basic Auth。 # install from EPEL [root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install mod_authnz_external pwauth [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/authnz_external.conf # add to the end <Directory /var/www/html/auth-pam> SSLRequireSSL AuthType Basic AuthName "PAM Authentication" AuthBasicProvider external AuthExternal pwauth require valid-user </Directory> [root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/auth-pam [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/auth-pam/index.html # create a test page <html> <body> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> Test Page for PAM Auth </div> </body> </html> [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [3] 在客戶端上使用Web瀏覽器訪問測試頁面https://linuxprobe.org/auth-pam/,並與操做系統上的用戶進行身份驗證。
[1] 建立證書,請參照上文所述 [2] 例如,建立一個目錄[webdav],它使得能夠僅經過SSL鏈接到WebDAV目錄。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /home/webdav [root@linuxprobe ~]# chown apache. /home/webdav [root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 770 /home/webdav [root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/webdav.conf # create new DavLockDB "/tmp/DavLock" Alias /webdav /home/webdav <Location /webdav> DAV On SSLRequireSSL Options None AuthType Basic AuthName WebDAV AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd <RequireAny> Require method GET POST OPTIONS Require valid-user </RequireAny> </Location> # 添加用戶:使用「-c」建立新文件(僅爲初始註冊添加「-c」選項) [root@linuxprobe ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd wang New password: # set password Re-type new password: Adding password for user wang # **注意:用戶wang的htpasswd已經建立過,不須要重複建立** [root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd [3] 若是啓用了SELinux,請更改如下規則。 [root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /home/webdav [root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /home/webdav [4] 這是PC上的WebDAV客戶端的設置(Windows 10)。 下載「CarotDAV」,這是一個免費的WebDAV客戶端,從如下網站⇒ http://www.rei.to/carotdav_en.html ,下載後,安裝並啓動CarotDAV,而後顯示如下屏幕,單擊「文件」按鈕並選擇「WebDAV」。
[5]在「設置名稱」字段中輸入任何名稱,並在「URI」字段中輸入[服務器名稱/ webdav目錄],並輸入用戶名和密碼