gcc --version # 查看gcc版本 sudo yum update gcc -y # 只能升到4.4.7
參考Prerequisites for GCC,須要GMP, MPFR, MPC, ISL, CLooG。php
我先查看了下系統,發現原生就裝了GMP等,以下命令。但以後"gcc ./configure"有錯,仍須要下載安裝GMP等。詳見"Issue 1"。html
yum list installed gmp # 查看gmp安裝了沒
ps: 上述問題,應該是要"yum install gmp-devel"來安裝開發環境就能夠了。本來只有運行環境,因此是"Issue 1"裏提到的找不到頭文件。MPFR,MPC等也一樣。linux
缺乏的均可以先到ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/下找找看。ios
# 建立個目錄,都下載到這裏 mkdir -p ~/Env/gcc; cd ~/Env/gcc # GMP, MPFR, MPC wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/gmp-5.1.3.tar.bz2 wget http://www.mpfr.org/mpfr-current/mpfr-3.1.2.tar.gz wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.0.2.tar.gz tar jxvf gmp-5.1.3.tar.bz2 tar zxvf mpfr-3.1.2.tar.gz tar zxvf mpc-1.0.2.tar.gz # 都直接安裝到默認路徑下 cd gmp-5.1.3 ./configure --enable-cxx CPPFLAGS=-fexceptions # 選項緣由"Issue 2" make; make install cd ../mpfr-3.1.2; ./configure make; make install cd ../mpc-1.0.2; ./configure make; make install cd ..
若是GMP、MPFR、MPC在"./configure"時用"--prefix"指定了安裝路徑,則"gcc ./configure"須要加上"--with-xxx"等選項。由GMP > MPFR > MPC依賴順序,也須要加上"--with-xxx"選項。可見參考34。c++
以後"gcc ./configure"(見"3) 安裝"),我這兒仍有錯,ISL與CLooG也要安裝:測試
sudo gedit config.log # 查看日誌,搜索"error" # issue: configure: error: C++ compiler missing or inoperational # 沒有C++編譯器 yum install gcc-c++ # issue: conftest.cpp:11:2: error: #error -static-libstdc++ not implemented # 沒有C,C++靜態庫 yum install glibc-static libstdc++-static -y # 但報"No package libstdc++-static available",即沒有-static-libstdc++源,問題仍存在。 # "checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc"時報出的,可忽略。 # issue: conftest.c:10:25: error: isl/version.h: No such file or directory # 沒有ISL wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.12.2.tar.bz2 tar jxvf isl-0.12.2.tar.bz2 cd isl-0.12.2; ./configure make; make install cd .. # issue: ./conftest: error while loading shared libraries: libisl.so.10: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory # 在"/usr/local/lib"目錄下,怎麼就它找不到。加到"/etc/ld.so.conf"或用"LD_LIBRARY_PATH"。 vi /etc/ld.so.conf # 添加"/usr/local/lib" ldconfig # 重建/etc/ld.so.cache # 自問:於**Issue 1**裏,已經單獨在"/etc/ld.so.conf.d"下建個"*.conf"添加過"/usr/local/lib",怎麼沒效果呢? # 自答:以後安裝的ISL,沒從新ldconfig,因此找不到了?當時沒查,不能確認。用如下命令: strings /etc/ld.so.cache | grep libisl # 查看 # 以後,刪除了"/etc/ld.so.conf"內的添加,也再也不有該問題。 # issue: conftest.c:10:27: error: cloog/version.h: No such file or directory # 沒有CLooG wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz tar zxvf cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz cd cloog-0.18.1; ./configure make; make install cd .. # issue: conftest.c:15: error: 'choke' undeclared (first use in this function) # "checking for version 0.17.0 of CLooG"失敗報出的,沒問題。
若是安裝時都自定義了路徑,記得要將庫路徑都添加到"/etc/ld.so.conf"內。ui
# GCC wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.2/gcc-4.8.2.tar.gz # 下載gcc源碼 tar zxvf gcc-4.8.2.tar.gz # 解壓源碼 cd gcc-4.8.2 # 進入源碼目錄 # 生成Makefile,./configure --help看幫助,或看參考2 ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-4.8.2 \ --enable-languages=c,c++,go \ --disable-multilib make; make install # 編譯並安裝 # 重建gcc軟連接 cd /usr/bin mv gcc gcc4.4.7 mv g++ g++4.4.7 ln -s /usr/local/gcc-4.8.2/bin/gcc gcc ln -s /usr/local/gcc-4.8.2/bin/g++ g++ # 添加gcc的man路徑 vi /etc/man.config # 添加"MANPATH /usr/local/gcc-4.8.2/share/man" # 因爲未卸載舊的,我這"man gcc"能夠查看幫助,因此未添加。 # 若是再添加,不肯定會有什麼影響。
Issue 1:this
king for the correct version of gmp.h... no configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+. Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify their locations..net
開始沒注意"king for the correct version of gmp.h... no",先以下查了gmp等的位置。c++11
rpm -qa|grep gmp # 查看gmp安裝了哪些 rpm -ql gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.i686 # 查看gmp安裝位置
而後添加"--with-gmp"等,沒效果。
難道庫搜索路徑沒包括"/usr/lib",卻包括了"/usr/local/lib"(以後安裝了GMP等後,卻能經過"./configure")?
因而,查看"/etc/ld.so.conf",其"include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf",但繼續查看發現都不包含上述兩路徑,不是很明白。而後,自行添加了下。
cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d touch mine.conf # 或用vi,發現我不會用了 gedit mine.conf # 添加/usr/lib與/usr/local/lib ldconfig # 重建/etc/ld.so.cache
注意,安裝ISL後,執行ldconfig會有以下錯誤,重裝換個低版本也同樣。試着解決沒成功,而後忽視了。相似提問:Pacman/ldconfig - wrong magic bytes。
ldconfig: /usr/local/lib/libisl.so.10.2.2-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start.
以後,發現GMP等頭文件沒有:
find / | grep gmp.h
因此仍是要安裝的。
Issue 2:
# 沒有PPL wget ftp://ftp.cs.unipr.it/pub/ppl/releases/1.1/ppl-1.1.tar.bz2 tar jxvf ppl-1.1.tar.bz2 cd ppl-1.1; ./configure make; make install cd ..
"ppl ./configure"時,
若是"gmp ./configure"未設置"--enable-cxx":
checking for the GMP library version 4.1.3 or above... no configure: error: Cannot find GMP version 4.1.3 or higher. GMP is the GNU Multi-Precision library: see http://www.swox.com/gmp/ for more information. When compiling the GMP library, do not forget to enable the C++ interface: add --enable-cxx to the configuration options.
若是"gmp ./configure"未設置"CPPFLAGS=-fexceptions":
configure: WARNING: CANNOT PROPAGATE EXCEPTIONS BACK FROM GMP: *** MEMORY EXHAUSTION MAY RESULT IN ABRUPT TERMINATION. *** This is OK, if you do not plan to use the bounded memory capabilities *** offered by the PPL. Otherwise, if you are using GCC or the Intel C/C++ *** compiler, please make sure you use a version of GMP compiled with the *** `-fexceptions' compiler option. *** To build such a version, you can configure GMP as follows: *** CPPFLAGS=-fexceptions ./configure --enable-cxx --prefix=/usr/local
按要求重編了GMP,但以上這個警號還會在。
"ppl make"時,
mp_std_bits.defs.hh:47: error: redefinition of 'class std::numeric_limits<__gmp_expr<__mpz_struct [1], __mpz_struct [1]> >' /usr/local/include/gmpxx.h:3271: error: previous definition of 'class std::numeric_limits<__gmp_expr<__mpz_struct [1], __mpz_struct [1]> >' mp_std_bits.defs.hh:108: error: redefinition of 'class std::numeric_limits<__gmp_expr<__mpq_struct [1], __mpq_struct [1]> >' /usr/local/include/gmpxx.h:3308: error: previous definition of 'class std::numeric_limits<__gmp_expr<__mpq_struct [1], __mpq_struct [1]> >'
ppl-0.11與gmp-5.1.3有衝突,改成ppl-1.1便可。
ppl-0.11: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/ppl-0.11.tar.gz
test.cc:
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> template<typename T> std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::vector<T>& vec) { for (auto& el : vec) { os << el << ' '; } return os; } int main() { std::vector<std::string> words = { "Hello", "from", "GCC", __VERSION__, "!" }; std::cout << words << std::endl; }
而後:
g++ -std=c++11 test.cc -o test ./test
輸出:"Hello from GCC 4.8.2 !"。
p.s. 升級GCC後,動態庫連接問題