【MySQL進階】CentOS 7.4 配置MySQL 5.7.19雙節點數據同步

時間 2019-11-29

標籤 MySQL進階 centos 7.4 配置 mysql 5.7.19 節點數據同步欄目 CentOS 简体版

原文原文鏈接

一、基本環境

CentOS 7.4（內核版本3.10.0-693）
MySQL 5.7.19 # 安裝參考個人上一篇文章：http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-fhrnkwfx-ex.html
Keepalived 1.4.0 #將在下一篇文章介紹
JDK1.8_171（不用自帶OpenJDK）
DB1：192.168.200.180 # 這2臺主機爲VMware克隆，會有一個坑，後面介紹
DB2：192.168.200.181mysql

二、配置MySQL

2.一、修改配置

首先修改DB1主機的配置文件，在/etc/my.cnf文件中的[mysqld]段添加如下內容sql

[root@mysql01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server-id = 111    # 2臺MySQL的ID不能相同，範圍0~255之間
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

而後修改DB2主機的配置文件數據庫

[root@mysql01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server-id = 222
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

最後分別重啓DB1和DB2使配置生效：vim

service mysqld restart

2.二、建立複製用戶並賦權

首先在DB1的mysql庫中建立複製用戶：服務器

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to '用戶名'@'192.168.200.181' identified by '密碼';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |      271 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

而後在DB2的mysql庫中將DB1設爲本身的主服務器：ide

mysql> change master to \
    -> master_host='192.168.200.180',  
    -> master_user='用戶名',
    -> master_password='密碼',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',  
    -> master_log_pos=271;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

這裏須要注意master_log_file和master_log_pos兩個選項，這兩個選項的值是在DB1上經過「show master status」查詢到的結果
接着在DB2上啓動slave服務測試

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

下面查看DB2上slave的運行狀態rest

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.180
                  Master_User: chenghao
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 63008557
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000025
                Relay_Log_Pos: 63008770
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes    # 重點
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    # 重點
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.%
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 63008557
              Relay_Log_Space: 63009143
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 111
                  Master_UUID: 46249b75-3685-11e8-be57-00505636ed4d   # 本文的坑位置
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

上面2個重點都爲yes，到這裏，從DB1到DB2的mysql同步複製已經完成。

接下來開始配置從DB2到DB1的mysql同步複製。
在DB2的mysql庫中建立複製用戶code

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to '用戶名'@'192.168.200.180' identified by '密碼';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 |      271 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

而後在DB1的mysql庫中將DB2設爲本身的主服務器orm

mysql> change master to \
    -> master_host='192.168.200.181',
    -> master_user='用戶名',
    -> master_password='密碼',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',
    -> master_log_pos=271;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

最後，在DB1上啓動slave服務並查看狀態

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.181
                  Master_User: chenghao
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 16985774
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000026
                Relay_Log_Pos: 16985780
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes    # 重點
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    # 重點
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.%
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 16985774
              Relay_Log_Space: 16985987
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 222
                  Master_UUID: 85c9a8fc-3687-11e8-91bc-005056327a6d   # 本文的坑位置
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

上面2個重點都爲yes後，說明DB2到DB1的mysql同步複製已經配置好，到這裏這2臺MySQL的主從同步配置已經完成。

文章開頭提到了一個坑，這裏介紹一下：
若是2臺MySQL的主機是在VMware裏克隆的，2臺機器上面的Master_UUID是同樣的，會形成以前的主從配置失敗（SlaveIORunning或者SlaveSQLRunning狀態不爲yes），解決辦法：
在MySQL的主目錄：/var/lib/mysql目錄下，第一行會有一個auto開頭的一個文件，打開后里面有一串UUID，克隆的主機這2臺的UUID是如出一轍的，而後隨便找一臺，刪除這個文件，而後重啓數據庫，會自動生成

都配好後，建議重啓2臺數據庫，而後再登陸2臺數據庫，使用命令查看同步是否有問題（SlaveIORunning和SlaveSQLRunning都必須爲yes）

mysql> show slave status\G   # 查看同步狀態

三、測試數據庫同步

先查看2臺數據庫中默認的數據庫是否一致
DB1

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

DB2

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

3.一、建立數據庫

能夠看到都是有默認的4個數據庫，在DB1上建立一個名爲test1的數據庫

mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
| test1               |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

查詢DB2，發現一樣建立了一個test1數據庫

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
| test1               |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

而後可使用一樣方式在DB2數據庫建立一個數據庫test2，在分別查詢下（略過）

3.二、測試刪除數據庫

在DB2上面執行命令刪除test1數據庫命令：

mysql> drop database test1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

而後查詢DB1，發現也已經同步刪除了

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

3.三、測試DB1故障，在DB2進行寫入或刪除操做，再啓動DB1查看是否同步

如今2個庫都只剩下4個默認數據庫，如今把DB1停掉

而後在DB2數據庫建立2個數據庫test1和test2，查看已經建立成功

mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
| test1               |
| test2               |
+---------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

這個時候啓動DB1，查看數據庫

[root@mysql01 ~]# service mysqld stop
Stopping mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  肯定  ]
[root@mysql01 ~]# 
[root@mysql01 ~]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  肯定  ]
[root@mysql01 ~]# 
[root@mysql01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.19-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| sys                 |
| test1               |
| test2               |
+---------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

已經同步過來了，用一樣方式，反過來故障測試一遍（略過）

經過以上模擬故障的方式，已經實現了MySQL的主從複製的配置，下一篇將介紹如何配置Keepalived實現VIP自動漂移實現MySQL同步複製的高可用