govendor用法

爲何使用govendor

go語言的依賴管理最主要的是版本控制問題。
govendor是Golang的依賴包管理工具，它的出現能夠避免不一樣用戶在clone同一個項目後從外部獲取不一樣依賴庫版本的問題。
govendor會將項目須要的依賴包添加到項目的vendor目錄下，而且該目錄中vendor.json文件會保存添加的依賴包的路徑等信息。
Golang項目中的go文件在查找依賴的順序是，先在vendor中查找，vendor沒找到而後在GOPATH中查找，都沒找到最後在GOROOT中查找。
govendor只是用來管理項目的依賴包，若是GOPATH中自己沒有項目的依賴包，則須要經過go get先下載到GOPATH中，再經過govendor add +external拷貝到vendor目錄中。

基本用法

安裝govendor：go get -u github.com/kardianos/govendor
若是須要使用vendor的項目本來沒有vendor，那麼須要在該項目的目錄下建立vendor
govendor init
以後若是須要添加依賴包，能夠經過如下兩種方式添加
govendor fetch 依賴包路徑
govendor add 依賴包路徑

.gitignore的配置：

/vendor/*
!/vendor/vendor.json

根據vendor.json下載依賴：govendor sync

govendor用法例子：

cd path/to/project
govendor init
govendor fetch project_url_with_out_http
cat vendor/vendor.json

govendor經常使用命令

• 增長包，搜add，會獲得add和fetch這2個命令。
• 更新包，搜update，會獲得update和fetch這2個命令。
• 刪除包，搜remove，獲得remove這個命令。
• 查看已經依賴的包，搜list，獲得list、status、license命令，而符合你的是list，而且知道了status能列出過時的包。

➜  project_name git:(develop) govendor --help
govendor (v1.0.9): record dependencies and copy into vendor folder
    -govendor-licenses    Show govendor's licenses.
    -version              Show govendor version
    -cpuprofile 'file'    Writes a CPU profile to 'file' for debugging.
    -memprofile 'file'    Writes a heap profile to 'file' for debugging.

Sub-Commands

    init     Create the "vendor" folder and the "vendor.json" file.
    list     List and filter existing dependencies and packages.
    add      Add packages from $GOPATH.
    update   Update packages from $GOPATH.
    remove   Remove packages from the vendor folder.
    status   Lists any packages missing, out-of-date, or modified locally.
    fetch    Add new or update vendor folder packages from remote repository.
    sync     Pull packages into vendor folder from remote repository with revisions
                 from vendor.json file.
    migrate  Move packages from a legacy tool to the vendor folder with metadata.
    get      Like "go get" but copies dependencies into a "vendor" folder.
    license  List discovered licenses for the given status or import paths.
    shell    Run a "shell" to make multiple sub-commands more efficient for large
                 projects.

    go tool commands that are wrapped:
      "+status" package selection may be used with them
    fmt, build, install, clean, test, vet, generate, tool

Status Types

    +local    (l) packages in your project
    +external (e) referenced packages in GOPATH but not in current project
    +vendor   (v) packages in the vendor folder
    +std      (s) packages in the standard library

    +excluded (x) external packages explicitly excluded from vendoring
    +unused   (u) packages in the vendor folder, but unused
    +missing  (m) referenced packages but not found

    +program  (p) package is a main package

    +outside  +external +missing
    +all      +all packages

    Status can be referenced by their initial letters.

Package specifier
    <path>[::<origin>][{/...|/^}][@[<version-spec>]]

Ignoring files with build tags, or excluding packages from being vendored:
    The "vendor.json" file contains a string field named "ignore".
    It may contain a space separated list of build tags to ignore when
    listing and copying files.
    This list may also contain package prefixes (containing a "/", possibly
    as last character) to exclude when copying files in the vendor folder.
    If "foo/" appears in this field, then package "foo" and all its sub-packages
    ("foo/bar", …) will be excluded (but package "bar/foo" will not).
    By default the init command adds the "test" tag to the ignore list.

If using go1.5, ensure GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT=1 is set.

命令	功能
init	初始化 vendor 目錄
list	列出全部的依賴包
add	添加包到 vendor 目錄，如 govendor add +external 添加全部外部包
add	PKG_PATH 添加指定的依賴包到 vendor 目錄
update	從 $GOPATH 更新依賴包到 vendor 目錄
remove	從 vendor 管理中刪除依賴
status	列出全部缺失、過時和修改過的包
fetch	添加或更新包到本地 vendor 目錄
sync	本地存在 vendor.json 時候拉去依賴包，匹配所記錄的版本
get	相似 go get 目錄，拉取依賴包到 vendor 目錄