idea下spring+spring mvc+mybatis+mysql+maven框架搭建
寫在前面
最近在學習ssm框架，由於不知名的緣由，一個小小的框架居然花了我四五天的時間，期間遇到了近百個各類各樣的錯誤，也正是因爲這些錯誤，讓我對ssm框架有了進一步的認識，謹做略記，但願利於他人，僅供和我同樣剛入門的新手參考，一塊兒學習。理論的東西就很少少了，直接上配置吧。css
建立項目：
這個就很少說了，直接百度，各類博客有不少，寫得都很詳細，可是要注意版本的問題，我懷疑以前我遇到的各類問題都和引入的spring之類的版本衝突有關，最好找發佈時間不長的教程。
html
目錄結構：
先看看整個項目的目錄吧，目錄結構以下圖：
java
須要注意的就是：建立出來以後，目錄結構裏的main>java，test>java，test>resources都須要本身建立，能夠直接在相應的文件夾上右鍵建立，也能夠在file>project structure下建立，建立完directory以後須要右鍵mark as相應的文件夾。mysql
還有就是會遇到在src>main>java下建立同級包的時候會默認合併路徑，沒法在一個包下建立同級包，按下圖操做，取消勾選Hide Empty Middle Packages便可。web
引入maven依賴
引入maven依賴須要注意的就是版本的統一管理，相關的包引入的版本最好能一致，保證兼容，將版本寫在<properties></properties>裏，而後再統一引用，既方便管理，又能避免不少問題，有點封裝的意思。我折騰了好久極可能就是版本是隨便選擇的，因此致使各類問題。引入的依賴以下：spring
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>demon</groupId>
<artifactId>demon</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demon Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--junit單元測試-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring相關的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis相關的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--java ee-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.39</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--日誌管理的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!--文件上傳組件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.esotericsoftware.reflectasm</groupId>
<artifactId>reflectasm</artifactId>
<version>1.09</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate驗證框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.2.4.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>demon</finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>*.xml</include>
<include>*.properties</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
以上就是maven依賴的包，<build></build>標籤裏的內容是將resources目錄和java目錄下的文件也加到項目路徑，由於我啓動項目出現了mapper.xml，spring-mvc.xml文件沒法加載的狀況。sql
數據庫建表：
create table `test`.`user`( `username` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT `用戶名`， `password` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT `密碼`， PRIMARYKEY(`username`) )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT `用戶信息表`;
建立pojo文件：
在po包下建立UserPo.java文件，記得加上構造方法，以及默認的構造方法，代碼以下：
數據庫
package com.demon.user.po;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 14:22
*/
public class UserPo {
private String username;
private String password;
public UserPo(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public UserPo() {
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String toString() {
return "===== UserPo : [ username : " + username + ", password : " + password + " ] =====";
}
}
建立UserDao接口：
建立UserDao.java接口，是接口，不是類！放與數據庫操做相關的方法：apache
package com.demon.user.dao;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 14:23
*/
@Repository
public interface UserDao {
UserPo selectUserByUsername(@Param("username") String username);
}
記得給接口加上@Repository註解。json
建立UserService接口：
建立UserService.java，這個也是接口，不是方法，裏面放與業務邏輯。
package com.demon.user.service;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 14:26
*/
public interface UserService {
public UserPo selectUserByUsername(String username);
}
建立UserServiceImpl類，實現UserService接口：
建立UserServiceImpl類，實現UserService接口，記得加上@Service註解，否則spring配置文件不能建立bean。
package com.demon.user.service;
import com.demon.user.dao.UserDao;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 14:27
*/
@Service
public class UserSeviceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
public UserPo selectUserByUsername(String username) {
return userDao.selectUserByUsername(username);
}
}
建立Controller.java文件：
記得給類加上@Controller註解，還有@RequestMapping("")註解，否則會報錯，找不到controller。
package com.demon.user.controller;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import com.demon.user.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 15:34
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/showUser.do")
public ModelAndView showUser(HttpServletRequest request) {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
UserPo userPo = userService.selectUserByUsername(username);
if (userPo != null) {
logger.info("====== request success.");
request.setAttribute("username", username);
return new ModelAndView("success", "message", username);
} else {
logger.info("====== request failed.");
return new ModelAndView("failed", "message",
"request failed, try again!");
}
}
}
建立mybatis-user.xml映射文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.demon.user.dao.UserDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.demon.user.po.UserPo">
<result column="username" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
<result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectUserByUsername" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.String">
SELECT
username,
password
FROM user
WHERE username = #{username, jdbcType=VARCHAR}
</select>
</mapper>
注意命名空間namespace的指向的包。
日誌管理：
在src>main>resources下建立log4j.properties文件，主要是log4j的配置，記得建立一個存放日誌的file，更改日誌輸出的目標文件。
# 配置
log4j.rootLogger=debug,stdout,D,E
### 輸出信息到控制擡 ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n
### 輸出DEBUG 級別以上的日誌到文件F://logs/debug.log ###
log4j.appender.D=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File=F:/coquetry-demon/logs/debug.log
log4j.appender.D.Append=true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.D.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%n
### 輸出ERROR 級別以上的日誌到文件F://logs/error.log ###
log4j.appender.E=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File=F:/coquetry-demon/logs/error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append=true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold=ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%
數據庫屬性文件：
將數據庫的用戶名，密碼等單獨放到jdbc.properties文件中，方便項目的移植和管理。
database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/你的數據庫名 database.username=你的數據庫用戶名 database.password=你的數據庫密碼
整合spring-mybatis：
建立spring-mybatis.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demon.user"/>
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/jdbc.properties"/>
<!--connect to database-->
<bean id="jdbcDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${database.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${database.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${database.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--spring and mybatis configuration here-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="jdbcDataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/demon/user/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--the package name where contains dao, enable auto scan-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.demon.user.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--transaction manager-->
<!--
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
-->
<!--add transaction operation-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="jdbcDataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
配置spring-mvc：
建立spring-mvc.xml文件，配置spring mvc：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demon.user.controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 啓動SpringMVC的註解功能，完成請求和註解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON轉換器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定義跳轉的文件的先後綴 ，視圖模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--使用默認的Servlet來響應靜態文件-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置文件上傳，若是沒有使用文件上傳能夠不用配置，固然若是不配，那麼配置文件中也沒必要引入上傳組件包 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默認編碼 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"/>
<!-- 內存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
</bean>
</beans>
配置web.xml：
這個就是要注意<servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping>攔截器的配置，這裏會產生不少錯誤。
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<filter>
<filter-name>encode</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encode</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring內存溢出監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--RequestContextListener將Spring容器與Web容器結合的更加密切。這是可選配置-->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
到這裏三大框架整合完畢了，主要是配置文件容易出錯。
mybatis測試：
在test>java下建一個包，而後創建一個MybatisTest.java的測試類，測試一下能不能從數據庫裏讀出信息。
package com.demon.test;
import com.demon.user.po.UserPo;
import com.demon.user.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author zhulongkun20@163.com
* @date 2018/3/21 15:00
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mvc.xml", "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class MybatisTest {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(MybatisTest.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void selectUserByUsernameTest() {
String username = "admin1";
UserPo userPo = userService.selectUserByUsername(username);
if (userPo != null) {
logger.info("======= Test Result =======\n");
logger.info(userPo.toString());
logger.info("======= Result End =======\n");
}
}
}
若是能在日誌裏找到輸出信息，那恭喜，mybatis沒問題，若是有錯，那就查日誌，而後去各類百度吧，好事多磨，放平心態。。
jsp頁面：
簡單的測試頁面：
index.jsp：
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zhulongkun
Date: 2018/3/21
Time: 13:25
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>歡迎訪問</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<div align="center">
<form action="<%=path%>/user/showUser.do" method="post">
<p>歡迎你的訪問, 請輸入我的信息</p>
<hr/>
<p>
<label>
<input type="text" name="username" width="300px" height="45px"/>
</label>
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="提交" width="100px" height="45px"/></p>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
請求成功則跳轉到success.jsp：
<%@ page import="com.demon.user.po.UserPo" %><%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zhulongkun
Date: 2018/3/21
Time: 15:44
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>request success</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
String username = (String) request.getAttribute("username");
%>
<div align="center">
<p>
<h1>welcome <%=username%> !</h1
</div>
</body>
</html>
若是請求失敗，則跳轉到failed.jsp：
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zhulongkun
Date: 2018/3/21
Time: 15:45
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>request failed</title>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<h1>request failed, try again, please.</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>
看似簡單，卻折騰了幾天，不少次感到絕望，可是不修bug，人生還有什麼意義？要不斷的找緣由，不斷地改錯，才能不斷地進步，也算是一點心得吧！
以上です！
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