後端spring boot+前端Android交互+mysql增刪查改
1.概述
使用spring boot做爲後端框架與Android端配合mysql進行基本的交互,包含了最基本的增刪查改功能.html
2.開發環境
- win10
- IDEA
- tomcat9.0.27
- mysql8.0.17
- spring boot
3.後端
(1)新建一個spring boot項目
能夠看這裏前端
(2)Entity
新建User類做爲實體類:java
package com.test;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
private String name;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
這裏其實使用的是(1)中的代碼,裏面有詳細的解釋.mysql
(3)Repository
新建UserRepository去實現增刪查改:android
package com.test;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User,Integer>
{
@Query(value = "select * from user where name = ?1",nativeQuery = true)
public List<User> findByName(String name);
@Modifying
@Query(value = "delete from user where name = ?1",nativeQuery = true)
public int deleteByName(String name);
}
因爲CrudRepository中已經包含了"增"與"改",因此按須要實現本身的"查"與"刪"便可. CrudRepository的api很簡單,官方文檔在這裏.git
- "增"使用save便可,參數爲實體類
- "刪"使用deleteById,經過主鍵刪除,若不想經過主鍵刪除能夠本身編寫sql,像上面同樣
- "查"使用findAll或findById,自定義查找的話須要本身編寫sql.
- "改"也可以使用save,注意須要設置主鍵.
@Query用於設置sql,nativeQuery表示使用原生sql.github
(4)Service
新建一個MainService.javaweb
package com.test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@Transactional
@Service
public class MainService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
public Iterable<User> getAllUsers()
{
return userRepository.findAll();
}
public List<User> findByName(String name)
{
return userRepository.findByName(name);
}
public boolean add(String name)
{
User user = new User();
user.setName(name);
userRepository.save(user);
return true;
}
public boolean modify(Integer id,String name)
{
User user = new User();
user.setName(name);
user.setId(id);
userRepository.save(user);
return true;
}
public boolean deleteByName(String name)
{
return userRepository.deleteByName(name) != 0;
}
}
- getAllUsers()返回全部行,Iterable<E>類型
- findByName()根據name返回全部name相同的行.
- add直接使用了save,因爲save返回的是實體類,本來的代碼是這樣寫的:
return userRepository.save(user) != null;
可是文檔說了不會爲null,因此只能強制返回true了.spring
- modify使用了id與name做爲參數,新建一個user,將其做爲setter的參數,而後交給save.
- deleteByName使用了自定義的刪除函數,返回的是int,在UserRepository中這個int表明sql影響的行數,刪除成功則行數不爲0,刪除失敗,或者沒有這行數據則行數爲0.所以將返回值與0進行比較.
(5)Controller
package com.test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/demo")
public class MainController {
@Autowired
private MainService mainService;
@GetMapping(path = "/getAll")
public @ResponseBody Iterable<User> getAllUsers()
{
return mainService.getAllUsers();
}
@PostMapping(path = "/get")
public @ResponseBody List<User> findByName(String name)
{
return mainService.findByName(name);
}
@PostMapping(path = "/add")
public @ResponseBody boolean add(@RequestParam String name)
{
return mainService.add(name);
}
@PostMapping(path = "/modify")
public @ResponseBody boolean modify(@RequestParam Integer id,@RequestParam String name)
{
return mainService.modify(id,name);
}
@PostMapping(path = "/delete")
public @ResponseBody boolean deleteByName(@RequestParam String name)
{
return mainService.deleteByName(name);
}
}
Controller主要就是幾個註解,除了getAllUsers使用Get外,其餘的都是用Post.另外就是路徑設置,直接在path中設置便可. 後端的話到這裏就基本完成了,剩下的打包部署操做就.....sql
4.前端
什麼新建工程之類的就不說了. 直接上MainActivity:
package com.example.myapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.example.myapplication.model.dao.*;
import com.example.myapplication.model.entity.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button register = findViewById(R.id.register);
register.setOnClickListener(
v ->
{
new Thread(()-> {
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.ADD)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "註冊成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "註冊失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
);
Button login = findViewById(R.id.login);
login.setOnClickListener(
v ->
{
new Thread(()-> {
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.GET)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
List<User> users = JSONArray.parseArray(response.body().string(),User.class);
Looper.prepare();
if(users.size() == 0)
{
Toast.makeText(this,"登陸失敗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this,"登陸成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
);
Button delete = findViewById(R.id.delete);
delete.setOnClickListener(
v ->
{
new Thread(()-> {
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.DELETE)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
);
Button modify = findViewById(R.id.modify);
modify.setOnClickListener(
v ->
{
new Thread(()-> {
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
String id = ((EditText)findViewById(R.id.id)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("name", name)
.add("id",id)
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.MODIFY)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "修改爲功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "修改失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
);
}
}
(1)增
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.ADD)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "註冊成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "註冊失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
使用okhttp,經過FormBody設置參數,而後建立Request經過OkHttpClient發送. 因爲後端"增"的方法返回的是一個true,所以這裏將response.body().string()轉換成boolean判斷是否操做成功. 稍微提一下,
Looper.prepare(); Looper.loop();
這兩行能夠在非UI線程中使用Toast.
(2)刪
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.DELETE)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
刪這部分也是差很少的,就是改一下url,而後....而後沒有了....好像很簡單的樣子?
(3)查
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", name).build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.GET)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
List<User> users = JSONArray.parseArray(response.body().string(),User.class);
Looper.prepare();
if(users.size() == 0)
{
Toast.makeText(this,"登陸失敗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this,"登陸成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
查這裏注意一下後端返回的是List,這裏藉助阿里的fastjson轉換成List.
List<User> users = JSONArray.parseArray(response.body().string(),User.class);
而後判斷有沒有的話就判斷長度是否爲0便可.
(4)改
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
String name = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.name)).getText().toString();
String id = ((EditText)findViewById(R.id.id)).getText().toString();
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("name", name)
.add("id",id)
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(Constant.MODIFY)
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()) {
Looper.prepare();
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(response.body().string()))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "修改爲功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(this, "修改失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
Looper.loop();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
改的話只需一個額外的ID參數,在FormBody中add一個便可,不難.
(5)界面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/delete"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="280dp"
android:layout_marginTop="404dp"
android:text="刪除"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/register"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="32dp"
android:layout_marginTop="293dp"
android:text="註冊"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/modify"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="32dp"
android:layout_marginTop="404dp"
android:text="修改"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="336dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:layout_marginStart="32dp"
android:layout_marginTop="192dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="43dp"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="請輸入姓名"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/id"
android:layout_width="336dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:layout_marginStart="32dp"
android:layout_marginTop="112dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="43dp"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="請輸入id"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/login"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="293dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="43dp"
android:text="登陸"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
界面不詳細說了,不難.
(6)依賴與其餘
注意一下依賴,還有設置java8.
(7)網絡權限
這個做者以前的文章有說.
5.測試
這是"本來的"數據庫. 沒辦法爲了測試.
註冊一個.
看看數據庫:
試試登陸一個不存在的.
修改:
最後是刪除:
刪除一個不存在的會刪除失敗.
6.源碼
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