隨着互聯網的發展,網站應用的規模不斷擴大,常規的垂直應用架構已沒法應對,分佈式服務架構以及流動計算架構勢在必行,亟需一個治理系統確保架構有條不紊的演進。html
DUBBO是一個分佈式服務框架,致力於提供高性能和透明化的RPC遠程服務調用方案,是阿里巴巴SOA服務化治理方案的核心框架。前端
啓動時檢查、集羣容錯、負載均衡、線程模型、直連提供者、只訂閱、只註冊、靜態服務、多協議、多註冊中心、服務分組、多版本、分組聚合、參數驗證、結果緩存、泛化引用、泛化實現、回聲測試、上下文信息、隱式傳參、異步調用、本地調用、參數回調、事件通知、本地存根、本地假裝、延遲暴露、併發控制、鏈接控制、延遲鏈接、粘滯鏈接、令牌驗證、路由規則、配置規則、服務降級、優雅停機、主機綁定、日誌適配、訪問日誌、服務容器、Reference Config緩存、分佈式事務java
節點角色說明及對應demo模塊:git
個人demo代碼:https://github.com/JasperZXY/dubbo-demogithub
下面的代碼是在Java8下運行經過的。web
名稱爲dubbo-demo,加入須要的jar,這裏把各個項目須要的jar包都放入了父pom中,實際項目最好作好分類,以下redis
<properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version> <dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version> <zookeeper.version>3.4.10</zookeeper.version> <zkclient.version>0.10</zkclient.version> <jackson.version>2.7.4</jackson.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--Spring MVC集成slf4j-logback --> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.logback-extensions</groupId> <artifactId>logback-ext-spring</artifactId> <version>0.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> <version>1.7.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>${dubbo.version}</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <!-- 排除傳遞spring依賴,防止衝突 --> <artifactId>spring</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!-- 導入zookeeper依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>${zookeeper.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty</artifactId> <version>3.2.10.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.101tec</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>${zkclient.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
這個模塊用於定義接口以及交互的實體對象,建立一個User跟UserServicespring
public class User implements java.io.Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -2218791253527448503L; private Long id; private String username; private String password; private Integer age; // 這裏省略了get set 方法 @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", age=" + age + "]"; } }
public interface UserService { public List<User> queryAll(); }
這個模塊用於提供服務,是使用main方法直接運行的。數據庫
一、須要添加dubbo-demo-api這個依賴,pom.xml以下apache
<dependency> <groupId>zxy.demo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-demo-api</artifactId> <version>${project.parent.version}</version> </dependency>
二、UserService
的實現
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { /** * 這裏經過模擬查詢數據庫返回用戶信息 */ @Override public List<User> queryAll() { List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>(); for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { Random random = new Random(); User user = new User(); user.setAge(random.nextInt(10) + 18); user.setId(Long.valueOf(i + 1)); user.setPassword("123456"); user.setUsername("name_" + i); list.add(user); } return list; } }
三、Spring配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- 提供方應用信息,用於計算依賴關係 --> <dubbo:application name="dubbo-demo-provider"/> <!-- 這裏使用的註冊中心是zookeeper --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" /> <!-- 用dubbo協議在20880端口暴露服務 --> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> <!-- 將該接口暴露到dubbo中 --> <dubbo:service interface="zxy.demo.dubbo.api.service.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl"/> <!-- 將具體的實現類加入到Spring容器中 --> <bean id="userServiceImpl" class="zxy.demo.dubbo.provider.service.UserServiceImpl" /> </beans>
注:若是<dubbo:
標籤有報錯的,可下載一個dubbo.xsd文件(可從個人git上找到),在Eclipse上windows->preferrence->XML->XML Catalog->add->catalog entry->file system
,選擇剛剛下載的文件路徑,修改key值(dubbo.xsd),保存。在xml文件右鍵validate便可解決。
四、編寫啓動方法
ublic class Application { @SuppressWarnings("resource") public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { (new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "spring/provider.xml" })).start(); // 保持main方法不退出 CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); latch.await(); } }
這個模塊用於調用dubbo-demo-provider
提供的服務,使用SpringMVC進行運行。
一、須要添加dubbo-demo-api這個依賴,pom.xml以下
<dependency> <groupId>zxy.demo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-demo-api</artifactId> <version>${project.parent.version}</version> </dependency>
二、Spring的配置
appContext.xml,主配置文件
<context:component-scan base-package="zxy.demo.dubbo.consumer"> </context:component-scan> <import resource="classpath*:spring/dubbo-*.xml"/> <import resource="classpath*:spring/springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
springmvc-servlet.xml
<mvc:annotation-driven />
dubbo-consumer.xml
<!-- 提供方應用信息,用於計算依賴關係 --> <dubbo:application name="dubbo-demo-consumer" /> <!-- 這裏使用的註冊中心是zookeeper --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" /> <!-- 從註冊中心中查找服務 --> <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="zxy.demo.dubbo.api.service.UserService" />
三、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/appContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>ch.qos.logback.ext.spring.web.LogbackConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value></param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
四、controller
調用遠程服務並返回前端數據。
@Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/list") @ResponseBody public Object listAll() { return userService.queryAll(); } }
mvn jetty:run -Djetty.port=8083
http://127.0.0.1:8083/user/list
獲取數據自行編譯運行dubbo-admin
或從個人git上下載dubbo-admin-2.5.3.war,放入tomcat中運行。默認用的註冊中心是zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
,可修改,在WEB-INF/dubbo.properties
中進行修改。
啓動後訪問http://127.0.0.1:8080/dubbo-admin-2.5.3
,若是war包是更名爲ROOT.war
後運行的,則訪問http://127.0.0.1:8080/
,輸入帳號密碼(root/root)。
注意,因爲如今不少機器都安裝了高版本的Java8,運行這個dubbo-admin將致使出錯,報錯信息爲「Bean property 'URIType'
is not writable or has an invalid setter method」,詳見官方的issues。我本身的解決方法是下載一個低版本的Java,修改tomcat對應的Java版本,找到setclasspath.bat中的set _RUNJAVA
,set _RUNJDB
這兩行,修改以下:
set _RUNJAVA="C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_80\bin\java.exe" set _RUNJDB="C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_80\bin\jdb.exe"