升級ruby版本那"不堪回首的經歷"

前段時間在玩Chef-一個IT基礎設施自動化工具。因爲Chef是由Ruby寫的一個gem，那麼就須要安裝Ruby。固然Ruby我早就安裝了，而且使用rvm來管理Ruby及Gem。原本一切看似正常，可是不會預料後面會遇到那麼多的坑。git

Chef本地的repo包中有一個vagrant虛擬機的模板文件，經過它能夠setup一個虛擬機，而後使用Chef來操做這個節點。那麼就使用vagrant命令來setup這個虛擬機把。github

 
        $ vagrant up --no-color Vagrant failed to initialize at a very early stage:  It appears that you've ran a newer version of Vagrant on this computer. Unfortunately, newer versions of Vagrant change internal directory layouts that cause older versions to break. This version of Vagrant cannot properly run.  If you'd like to start from a clean state, please remove the Vagrant state directory: /Users/twer/.vagrant.d  Warning that this will remove all your boxes and potentially corrupt existing Vagrant environments that were running based on the future version.

console中說Vagrant版本有問題，那麼就按說明刪除.vagrant.d文件夾把。bootstrap

 
        $ rm -rf ~/.vagrant.d/ $ vagrant up --no-color /Users/twer/sourcecode/chef-repo/Vagrantfile:8:in `<top (required)>': undefined method `configure' for Vagrant:Module (NoMethodError)  from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/vagrant-1.0.7/lib/vagrant/config/loader.rb:115:in `load'  from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/vagrant-1.0.7/lib/vagrant/config/loader.rb:115:in `block in procs_for_source'  from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/vagrant-1.0.7/lib/vagrant/config.rb:41:in `block in capture_configures'

窩裏個去，又出新問題了。那好吧，看看當前ruby的版本。ruby

 
        $ rvm list  rvm rubies   ruby-1.9.2-p320 [ x86_64 ] =* ruby-1.9.3-p194 [ x86_64 ]  # => - current # =* - current && default # * - default

試着將Ruby的版本切換到1.9.2-p320再試試。bash

 
        $ rvm use ruby-1.9.2-p320 Using /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p320 $ vagrant up Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider... [default] Setting the name of the VM... [default] Clearing any previously set forwarded ports... [default] Creating shared folders metadata... [default] Clearing any previously set network interfaces... [default] Preparing network interfaces based on configuration... [default] Forwarding ports... [default] -- 22 => 2222 (adapter 1) [default] Booting VM... [default] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes. [default] VM booted and ready for use! [default] Setting hostname... [default] Mounting shared folders... [default] -- /vagrant

搞定。看來問題是當前使用的ruby的版本有問題。app

總是使用舊版本也不是個事，把Ruby升級到最新版本看還有這個問題不。ssh

 
        $ rvm list known # MRI Rubies [ruby-]1.8.6[-p420] [ruby-]1.8.7[-p374] [ruby-]1.9.1[-p431] [ruby-]1.9.2[-p320] [ruby-]1.9.3[-p448] [ruby-]2.0.0-p195 [ruby-]2.0.0[-p247] [ruby-]2.0.0-head ruby-head

看來ruby的1.9.3已經有p448了，那麼就升級到p448。curl

 
        $ rvm install 1.9.3 Checking requirements for osx. Installing requirements for osx. Updating system. Installing required packages: libksba, openssl.......... Error running 'requirements_osx_brew_libs_install gcc libksba openssl', please read /usr/local/rvm/log/1379843991_ruby-1.9.3-p448/package_install_gcc_libksba_openssl.log Requirements installation failed with status: 1.

升級失敗，那麼看看log。ide

 
        ==> make bootstrap configure: error: cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile See `config.log' for more details. make[2]: *** [configure-stage1-target-libgcc] Error 1 make[1]: *** [stage1-bubble] Error 2 make: *** [bootstrap] Error 2  READ THIS: https://github.com/mxcl/homebrew/wiki/troubleshooting  There were package installation errors, make sure to read the log.  Try `brew tap --repair` and make sure `brew doctor` looks reasonable.

經過看log是gcc編譯失敗，而且經過log能夠看出rvm是經過homebrew來安裝必備文件的。工具

經過一番查資料後，找到了解決辦法。那就是將Xcode升級到最新版本，而後在Preference裏選擇Downloads標籤，而後安裝Command Line Tools。

安裝完畢後再用Homebrew安裝gcc49。

 
        $ brew install gcc49 ==> Downloading ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/snapshots/4.9-20130915/gcc-4.9-20130915.tar.bz2 Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/gcc49-4.9-20130915.tar.bz2 ==> ../configure --build=x86_64-apple-darwin12.5.0 --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/gcc49/4.9-20130915/gcc ==> make bootstrap ==> make install ==> Caveats This is a snapshot of GCC trunk, which is in active development and supposed to have bugs and should not be used in production environment. ==> Summary 🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/gcc49/4.9-20130915: 977 files, 93M, built in 21.6 minutes

成功安裝GCC。

繼續回到安裝Ruby的任務上來。因爲在安裝Ruby前會先安裝必備文件，那麼幹脆直接先安裝必備文件的了。

 
        $ rvm requirements Checking requirements for osx. Installing requirements for osx. mkdir: /usr/local/rvm/log/1379829979_ruby-1.9.3-p448: Permission denied tee: /usr/local/rvm/log/1379829979_ruby-1.9.3-p448/update_system.log: No such file or directory tee: /usr/local/rvm/log/1379829979_ruby-1.9.3-p448/update_system.log: No such file or directory

我勒個去，貌似是權限問題，那麼用sudo解決。

 
        $ sudo rvm requirements  Checking requirements for osx. Installing requirements for osx. Updating system. Installing required packages: libksba, openssl.......... Error running 'requirements_osx_brew_libs_install libksba openssl', please read /usr/local/rvm/log/1379843991_ruby-1.9.3-p448/package_install_libksba_openssl.log Requirements installation failed with status: 1.

又失敗，看看錯誤日誌吧。

 
        current path: /Users/twer command(3): requirements_osx_brew_libs_install libksba openssl Error: No such keg: /usr/local/Cellar/libksba Error: Cowardly refusing to `sudo brew install` You can use brew with sudo, but only if the brew executable is owned by root. However, this is both not recommended and completely unsupported so do so at your own risk. There were package installation errors, make sure to read the log.  Try `brew tap --repair` and make sure `brew doctor` looks reasonable.

看了日誌貌似明白了，使用brew安裝libksba因爲加了sudo因此出問題了。那麼直接在命令行使用sudo試試。

 
        $ sudo brew install libksba Error: Cowardly refusing to `sudo brew install` You can use brew with sudo, but only if the brew executable is owned by root. However, this is both not recommended and completely unsupported so do so at your own risk.

窩裏個去，不使用sudo吧rvm requirements執行不成功。加上sudo吧rvm requirements調用的brew install又不行。好吧，就按上面說的將brew轉換到root模式。

 
        ls -al /usr/local/bin/brew -rwxr-xr-x 1 twer admin 703 Mar 14 2013 /usr/local/bin/brew $ sudo chown root:admin /usr/local/bin/brew Password: $ ls -al /usr/local/bin/brew -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 703 Mar 14 2013 /usr/local/bin/brew

OK。再執行吧。

 
        $ sudo rvm requirements Password: Checking requirements for osx. Certificates in '/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem' already are up to date. Requirements installation successful.

搞定。把brew再切換到原來的用戶和組。

 
        $ sudo chown twer:admin /usr/local/bin/brew

繞了一大圈了終於能夠安裝Ruby了。

 
        $ rvm install 1.9.3 Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. No binary rubies available for: osx/10.8/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p448. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Checking requirements for osx. Certificates in '/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem' already are up to date. Requirements installation successful. Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your connection...  % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current  Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- 0:00:02 --:--:-- 0Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p448.tar.bz2: Permission denied  0 9816k 0 745 0 0 320 0 8:43:34 0:00:02 8:43:32 2623 curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 745) There was an error(23). Checking fallback: http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.3-p448.tar.bz2  % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current  Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p448.tar.bz2: Permission denied  0 9816k 0 3329 0 0 4578 0 0:36:35 --:--:-- 0:36:35 8853 curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 3329) There was an error(23). Failed download There has been an error fetching the ruby interpreter. Halting the installation.

又有錯。走到這步上了，繼續解決吧。通過分析貌似是下載文件有問題，可能又是權限問題。

 
        sudo rvm install 1.9.3 Password: Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. No binary rubies available for: osx/10.8/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p448. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Checking requirements for osx. Certificates in '/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem' already are up to date. Requirements installation successful. Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your connection...  % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current  Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 9816k 100 9816k 0 0 422k 0 0:00:23 0:00:23 --:--:-- 154k ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p448 to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448 ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #extracted to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448 ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #configuring............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #post-configuration ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #compiling............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #installing......................................................................................................... curl: (35) Unknown SSL protocol error in connection to rubygems.org:443 There was an error while trying to resolve rubygems version for 'latest'. Halting the installation.

前面那個錯沒了，可是新來了一個錯。貌似是ssh到rubygems.org網站有問題，忽然想起在rvm requirements時安裝了openssl，應該是ssl設置的問題。從網上查了下，貌似要重置macport。

 
        $ sudo rm -rf /opt/local  $ sudo rm -rf $rvm_path/usr $ sudo rm -rf $rvm_path/bin/port sudo: cannot get working directory $ sudo rvm autolibs homebrew

最後，再從新安裝Ruby。

 
        $ sudo rvm reinstall 1.9.3 Removing /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448... Removing /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448... Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. No binary rubies available for: osx/10.8/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p448. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Checking requirements for osx_brew. Certificates in '/usr/local/etc/openssl/cert.pem' already are up to date. Requirements installation successful. Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p448, this may take a while depending on your connection... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p448 to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448 ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #extracted to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448 ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #configuring............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #post-configuration ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #compiling............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #installing......................................................................................................... Retrieving rubygems-2.1.4  % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current  Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 356k 100 356k 0 0 11672 0 0:00:31 0:00:31 --:--:-- 20611 Extracting rubygems-2.1.4 ... Removing old Rubygems files... $LANG was empty, setting up LANG=en_US, if it fails again try setting LANG to something sane and try again. Installing rubygems-2.1.4 for ruby-1.9.3-p448............................................................................................................................................ Installation of rubygems completed successfully. Saving wrappers to '/usr/local/rvm/wrappers/ruby-1.9.3-p448'........  ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake). ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #importing default gemsets, this may take time....................... Install of ruby-1.9.3-p448 - #complete Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p448 pristine.... Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p448@global pristine....

終於安裝上了。

 
        $ rvm list  rvm rubies   ruby-1.9.2-p320 [ x86_64 ]  * ruby-1.9.3-p194 [ x86_64 ] => ruby-1.9.3-p448 [ x86_64 ]  # => - current # =* - current && default # * - default  $ rvm use ruby-1.9.3-p448 $ rvm list  rvm rubies   ruby-1.9.2-p320 [ x86_64 ]  * ruby-1.9.3-p194 [ x86_64 ] => ruby-1.9.3-p448 [ x86_64 ]  # => - current # =* - current && default # * - default  $ vagrant up Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider... [default] VirtualBox VM is already running.

終於將Ruby升級到1.9.3-p448了。回顧這整個過程，都是淚啊。原本是想裝個虛擬機玩玩，哪想到惹出這麼多事情來。不過好歹問題是解決了。