1、安裝環境的介紹
node
Centos 6.7 x86_64 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 IP:192.168.159.129 #公司內部測試服務器mysql
GitLab版本:9.1.2nginx
軟件包下載地址:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el6/ git
2、安裝過程github
#rpm -ivh gitlab-ce-9.1.2-ce.0.el6.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:gitlab-ce ########################################### [100%] hostname: Host name lookup failure *. *. *** *** ***** ***** .****** ******* ******** ******** ,,,,,,,,,***********,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,*********,,,,,,,,,,, .,,,,,,,,,,,*******,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,*****,,,,,,,,,. ,,,,,,,****,,,,,, .,,,***,,,, ,*,. _______ __ __ __ / ____(_) /_/ / ____ _/ /_ / / __/ / __/ / / __ `/ __ \ / /_/ / / /_/ /___/ /_/ / /_/ / \____/_/\__/_____/\__,_/_.___/ gitlab: Thank you for installing GitLab! gitlab: To configure and start GitLab, RUN THE FOLLOWING COMMAND: sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure gitlab: GitLab should be reachable at http://gitlab.example.com gitlab: Otherwise configure GitLab for your system by editing /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file gitlab: And running reconfigure again. gitlab: gitlab: For a comprehensive list of configuration options please see the Omnibus GitLab readme gitlab: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md gitlab: It looks like GitLab has not been configured yet; skipping the upgrade script. 根據上面的提示執行: #sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure Starting Chef Client, version 12.12.15 resolving cookbooks for run list: ["gitlab"] Synchronizing Cookbooks: - gitlab (0.0.1) - package (0.0.0) - runit (0.14.2) Installing Cookbook Gems: Compiling Cookbooks... Recipe: gitlab::default * directory[/etc/gitlab] action create - change mode from '0755' to '0775' init (upstart 0.6.5) Converging 378 resources * directory[/etc/gitlab] action create (up to date) * directory[Create /var/opt/gitlab] action create - create new directory /var/opt/gitlab - change mode from '' to '0755' - change owner from '' to 'root' - change group from '' to 'root' * directory[/opt/gitlab/embedded/etc] action create - create new directory /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc - change mode from '' to '0755' - change owner from '' to 'root' - change group from '' to 'root' * template[/opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig] action create - create new file /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig - update content in file /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig from none to 5fe039 --- /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig 2017-05-25 10:46:30.027207736 +0800 +++ /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/.chef-gitconfig20170525-6666-jc6wi6 2017-05-25 10:46:30.026207736 +0800 @@ -1 +1,10 @@ +[pack] + threads = 1 +[receive] + fsckObjects = true +[repack] + writeBitmaps = true +[transfer] + hideRefs=^refs/tmp/ +hideRefs=^refs/keep-around/ - change mode from '' to '0755' Recipe: gitlab::web-server * group[Webserver user and group] action create - create group gitlab-www * user[Webserver user and group] action create - create user gitlab-www Recipe: gitlab::users ……………………………… #會輸出不少初始化的信息 + - change owner from '' to 'root' - change group from '' to 'root' * ruby_block[reload gitlab-monitor svlogd configuration] action nothing (skipped due to action :nothing) * file[/opt/gitlab/sv/gitlab-monitor/down] action delete (up to date) * link[/opt/gitlab/init/gitlab-monitor] action create - create symlink at /opt/gitlab/init/gitlab-monitor to /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/sv * link[/opt/gitlab/service/gitlab-monitor] action create - create symlink at /opt/gitlab/service/gitlab-monitor to /opt/gitlab/sv/gitlab-monitor * ruby_block[supervise_gitlab-monitor_sleep] action run - execute the ruby block supervise_gitlab-monitor_sleep * service[gitlab-monitor] action nothing (skipped due to action :nothing) * execute[/opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-ctl start gitlab-monitor] action run [execute] ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 7720) 1s - execute /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-ctl start gitlab-monitor Recipe: gitlab::default * link[/opt/gitlab/service/gitlab-git-http-server] action delete (up to date) * directory[/opt/gitlab/sv/gitlab-git-http-server] action delete (up to date) Recipe: gitlab::gitlab-rails * execute[clear the gitlab-rails cache] action run - execute /opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-rake cache:clear Recipe: gitlab::redis * ruby_block[reload redis svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload redis svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::postgresql * ruby_block[reload postgresql svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload postgresql svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::unicorn * ruby_block[reload unicorn svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload unicorn svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::sidekiq * ruby_block[reload sidekiq svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload sidekiq svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::gitaly * service[gitaly] action restart - restart service service[gitaly] * ruby_block[reload gitaly svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload gitaly svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::gitlab-workhorse * service[gitlab-workhorse] action restart - restart service service[gitlab-workhorse] * ruby_block[reload gitlab-workhorse svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload gitlab-workhorse svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::nginx * ruby_block[reload nginx svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload nginx svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::logrotate * ruby_block[reload logrotate svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload logrotate svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::prometheus * service[prometheus] action restart - restart service service[prometheus] * ruby_block[reload prometheus svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload prometheus svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::node-exporter * ruby_block[reload node-exporter svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload node-exporter svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::redis-exporter * ruby_block[reload redis-exporter svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload redis-exporter svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::postgres-exporter * service[postgres-exporter] action restart - restart service service[postgres-exporter] * ruby_block[reload postgres-exporter svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload postgres-exporter svlogd configuration Recipe: gitlab::gitlab-monitor * service[gitlab-monitor] action restart - restart service service[gitlab-monitor] * ruby_block[reload gitlab-monitor svlogd configuration] action create - execute the ruby block reload gitlab-monitor svlogd configuration Running handlers: Running handlers complete Chef Client finished, 325/427 resources updated in 03 minutes 29 seconds gitlab Reconfigured! 能夠看到提示執行了3分鐘29秒! 查看啓動狀況 #netstat -tunlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9121 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7685/redis_exporter tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9090 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7839/prometheus tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9187 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7850/postgres_expor tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9100 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7638/node_exporter tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9168 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7865/ruby tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7519/unicorn master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7561/nginx tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5506/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5585/master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7561/nginx tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 6289/mysqld tcp 0 0 ::1:9168 :::* LISTEN 7865/ruby tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 5506/sshd tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 5585/master 關閉 # sudo gitlab-ctl stop ok: down: gitaly: 0s, normally up ok: down: gitlab-monitor: 1s, normally up ok: down: gitlab-workhorse: 0s, normally up ok: down: logrotate: 0s, normally up ok: down: nginx: 0s, normally up ok: down: node-exporter: 0s, normally up ok: down: postgres-exporter: 1s, normally up ok: down: postgresql: 1s, normally up ok: down: prometheus: 0s, normally up ok: down: redis: 0s, normally up ok: down: redis-exporter: 0s, normally up ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up ok: down: unicorn: 0s, normally up 啓動 # sudo gitlab-ctl start ok: run: gitaly: (pid 8296) 0s ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 8301) 0s ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 8304) 1s ok: run: logrotate: (pid 8312) 0s ok: run: nginx: (pid 8318) 1s ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 8324) 0s ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 8329) 1s ok: run: postgresql: (pid 8334) 0s ok: run: prometheus: (pid 8342) 0s ok: run: redis: (pid 8350) 1s ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 8354) 0s ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 8359) 1s ok: run: unicorn: (pid 8362) 0s 重啓 #sudo gitlab-ctl restart #其實不加sudo也能夠! 查看添加了幾個用戶,以下: #tail -5 /etc/passwd gitlab-www:x:498:499::/var/opt/gitlab/nginx:/bin/false git:x:497:498::/var/opt/gitlab:/bin/sh gitlab-redis:x:496:497::/var/opt/gitlab/redis:/bin/false gitlab-psql:x:495:496::/var/opt/gitlab/postgresql:/bin/sh gitlab-prometheus:x:494:495::/var/opt/gitlab/prometheus:/bin/sh
3、登陸驗證
web
在瀏覽器輸入http://192.168.159.129 就能夠看到GitLab的界面了,以下:redis
第一次登陸須要設置新密碼,而且密碼長度不能小於8!設置好以後,會跳轉到登陸界面,以下:
sql
默認用戶名是root,而後輸入剛纔新設置的密碼,登陸以後,界面以下:shell
到這裏一鍵安裝GitLab就完成了,就能夠進行建立項目之類的操做了。數據庫
4、postgresql相關命令介紹
注:由於使用一鍵安裝GitLab的rpm包,默認數據庫是postgresql,因此對於不熟悉的朋友,能夠參考!
查看postgresql的數據存放目錄 [root@web1 gitlab]# su - gitlab-psql -sh-4.1$ ll total 4 drwx------ 19 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:55 data -sh-4.1$ ll data/ total 112 drwx------ 6 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 base drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:55 global drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_clog drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_commit_ts drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_dynshmem -rw-r--r-- 1 gitlab-psql root 3198 May 25 10:46 pg_hba.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 gitlab-psql root 1789 May 25 10:46 pg_ident.conf drwx------ 4 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_logical drwx------ 4 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_multixact drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:55 pg_notify drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_replslot drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_serial drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_snapshots drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:55 pg_stat drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 11:11 pg_stat_tmp drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_subtrans drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_tblspc drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 10:46 pg_twophase -rw------- 1 gitlab-psql root 4 May 25 10:46 PG_VERSION drwx------ 3 gitlab-psql root 4096 May 25 11:10 pg_xlog -rw------- 1 gitlab-psql root 88 May 25 10:46 postgresql.auto.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 gitlab-psql root 20132 May 25 10:46 postgresql.conf -rw------- 1 gitlab-psql gitlab-psql 90 May 25 10:55 postmaster.opts -rw------- 1 gitlab-psql gitlab-psql 101 May 25 10:55 postmaster.pid postgresql 版本 #cat PG_VERSION 9.6 查看postgresql的進程 #ps aux | grep postgre root 7378 0.0 0.0 3940 360 ? Ss 10:46 0:00 runsv postgresql root 7379 0.0 0.0 4084 472 ? S 10:46 0:00 svlogd -tt /var/log/gitlab/postgresql root 7697 0.0 0.0 3940 356 ? Ss 10:48 0:00 runsv postgres-exporter root 7698 0.0 0.0 4084 476 ? S 10:48 0:00 svlogd -tt /var/log/gitlab/postgres-exporter 495 13278 0.0 0.6 127968 11924 ? Ssl 11:41 0:03 /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/postgres_exporter -web.listen-address=localhost:9187 495 13283 0.0 1.7 545204 34160 ? Ss 11:41 0:00 /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/postgres -D /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data 495 13287 0.0 1.0 545320 20344 ? Ss 11:41 0:02 postgres: checkpointer process 495 13288 0.0 0.2 545204 5032 ? Ss 11:41 0:00 postgres: writer process 495 13289 0.0 0.8 545204 16228 ? Ss 11:41 0:00 postgres: wal writer process 495 13290 0.0 0.1 545776 2196 ? Ss 11:41 0:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process 495 13291 0.0 0.0 31012 1460 ? Ss 11:41 0:00 postgres: stats collector process 495 13332 0.0 0.4 644080 8408 ? Ss 11:41 0:01 postgres: gitlab-psql postgres [local] idle 495 14219 0.0 0.4 644128 8892 ? Ss 11:50 0:00 postgres: gitlab gitlabhq_production [local] idle 495 15207 0.0 0.4 643884 8160 ? Ss 12:00 0:00 postgres: gitlab gitlabhq_production [local] idle 495 15208 0.0 0.4 643888 8392 ? Ss 12:00 0:00 postgres: gitlab gitlabhq_production [local] idle 495 19681 0.0 0.3 643428 6804 ? Ss 12:46 0:00 postgres: gitlab gitlabhq_production [local] idle 495 19706 0.0 0.3 643428 6812 ? Ss 12:47 0:00 postgres: gitlab gitlabhq_production [local] idle 能夠看到啓動以後的postgresql有2個默認數據庫,一個是postgres,一個是gitlabhq_production! 進入postgresql控制檯方法,在postgreSQL的安裝目的bin下執行命令: 用法:psql database_name, 例:/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql mydb 指定host、用戶名和數據庫的話,如: /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql -h localhost -U postgres -d testdb 注:-h 也能夠指定socket文件目錄 ######################################### 進入postgresql的gitlabhq_production庫 #su - gitlab-psql -sh-4.1$ /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/psql -h /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql -d gitlabhq_production psql (9.6.1) Type "help" for help. gitlabhq_production=# help You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL. Type: \copyright for distribution terms \h for help with SQL commands \? for help with psql commands \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query \q to quit gitlabhq_production=# \q #退出 注意:-h 後面指定服務器ip或者socket文件所在目錄 進入postpgresql的postgres庫 #su - gitlab-psql -sh-4.1$ psql -h /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql -d postgres psql (9.6.1) Type "help" for help. postgres=# ############################################## postgresql的其餘用法介紹 建立數據庫 CREATE DATABASE test WITH OWNER = postgres ENCODING = 'UTF8'; 查看版本: #psql --version 或 SELECT version(); 查看全部數據庫:\l 選擇數據庫:\c databasename 查看全部表:\dt 查看某個表的結構:\d tablename 退出psql控制檯:\q 查看全部索引:\di 查看錶的索引: select * from pg_indexes where tablename='log'; 查看數據庫大小: select pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('test_db')); 查看全部數據庫大小 select pg_database.datname, pg_database_size(pg_database.datname) AS size from pg_database; 查看錶的大小: select pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size('test_table')); 查看錶的總大小,包括索引大小 select pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('test')); 查看全部表空間 select spcname from pg_tablespace; 查看錶空間大小 select pg_size_pretty(pg_tablespace_size('pg_default')); 導出備份數據庫: pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres databasename > /tmp/databasename.bak.yyyymmdd.sql 導入恢復數據庫(sql文件是pg_dump導出的文件就行,能夠是整個數據庫,也能夠只是單個表,也能夠只是結構等): psql -h localhost -U postgres -d databasename < /tmp/databasename.bak.yyyymmdd.sql 導出某個表: pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres -t tablename dbname > test.sql 導出某個表的結構,加參數"-s": pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres -t tablename -s dbname > test_construct.sql 導出某個表的數據,加參數"-a": pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres -t tablename -a dbname > test_data.sql 查看序列: select * from information_schema.sequences where sequence_schema = 'public';
5、經過Git工具提交windows上的代碼到GitLab上
說明:不少開發人員喜歡使用Git工具來提交代碼到GitLab,那麼這裏就着重介紹下。
一、首先下載Git並安裝
下載地址:https://git-for-windows.github.io 下載好以後雙擊Git-2.13.0-64-bit.exe安裝便可。
注:一路Next,按照默認的選擇便可!(我是這麼幹的,若是你本身有特殊須要,能夠自定義)
二、打開Git並配置,以下圖:
雙擊「Git Bash」會彈出一個shell 方框,以下:
好了,Git Bash也打開了,下面咱們在GitLab上註冊一個普通用戶,而後提交代碼。
三、在GitLab上註冊用戶,以下圖:
註冊成功以後,會看到一個提示註冊成功的頁面,提示:Welcome! You have signed up successfully.
由於是內部測試虛擬機,網絡比較慢,因此註冊普通帳號以後,發送郵件有些延遲,還發到了垃圾郵箱中,以下圖:
能夠看到郵件內容是提示你添加pub key,按照下面的步驟添加便可!
四、建立一個項目
註冊好以後,點擊右上角的「+」圖標(建立新項目圖標)開始建立新項目,以下圖:
點擊「Create project」以後,會從新打開一個頁面,以下:
能夠根據提示得知,新用戶建立的項目須要將SSH key添加進來!點擊「add an SSH key」會出現一個新的頁面,提示你須要將生成的pub key粘貼在裏面,以下圖:
好的,執行到這一步咱們將視線轉移到windows機器的Git工具,經過這個工具生成公鑰,而後添加。
五、使用Git生成公鑰並添加到GitLab
生成公鑰命令:ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "郵箱" 而後一路回車便可!
根據上圖的提示,生成的公鑰在C:\Users\Administrator.2345-20170207QA\.ssh目錄下面,而後找到打開id_rsa.pub將其中的字符串原封不動的複製到GitLab頁面,以下圖:
點擊「Add key」會彈出一個頁面,表示key添加成功,Title 會自動補全生成key時候輸入的郵箱地址!
六、而後測試上傳代碼到GitLab的mytest項目
其實上傳代碼的一些命令在GitLab界面的新項目頁面是給到咱們的,咱們按照上面的步驟操做便可,以下命令:
Git global setup 全局設置 $git config --global user.name "new_user_name" #註冊時候的用戶名 $git config --global user.email "生成pub key時候的郵箱地址" Create a new repository 建立一個新的庫 $git clone git@gitlab.example.com:new_user_name/mytest.git $cd mytest $touch README.md $git add README.md $git commit -m "add README" $git push -u origin master 由於是新項目,沒有任何其餘文件,因此執行以上8條命令便可!!! ##################################################################### Existing folder 已經存在的目錄 cd existing_folder git init git remote add origin git@gitlab.example.com:new_user_name/mytest.git git add . git commit git push -u origin master Existing Git repository 已經存在的一個庫 cd existing_repo git remote add origin git@gitlab.example.com:new_user_name/mytest.git git push -u origin --all git push -u origin --tags
在Git Bash工具中執行上面列出的8條命令,以下圖:
注:執行第三條命令的時候,報錯了,提示不能解析gitlab.example.com 由於是內部測試機我沒有作任何解析,因此報錯了。那麼我就在本機windows機器的hosts文件中解析一下,而後從新執行就ok了!
192.168.159.129 gitlab.example.com
執行第三條命令的目的是將gitlab上面咱們建立的項目mytest拉到本地,咱們看看是否拉取成功,以下圖:
能夠看到mytest/ 已經成功拉取到了windows機器上!
繼續執行命令,在mytest/項目下建立一個README.md文件,並上傳到gitlab上,以下圖:
上傳成功以後,咱們到gitlab上mytest項目中查看上傳的文件,以下圖:
能夠看到README.md文件已經成功上傳到mytest/項目中了!
############################################
上面介紹的是上傳本地代碼到gitlab上,對開發人員來講項目名和代碼都是英文的,便於維護。但對於系統工程師來講可能須要上傳一些文檔到gitlab上以便其餘技術人員參考,因此下面我介紹一下上傳中文目錄和文件到gitlab的方法:首先在本機windows機器的項目目錄(這裏以mytest項目爲例)下面建立一箇中文目錄,以下圖:
而後在「測試中文目錄」下面建立一個「測試1.txt」文件,而後經過Git Bash工具上傳到git上,以下圖
執行標紅的二、三、4這3條命令便可!而後到gitlab上查看是否能夠正常顯示中文,以下圖:
能夠看到中文在gitlab上顯示正常。剛纔我只是在「測試中文目錄」中建立了「測試1.txt"文件,沒有在其中寫入中文,如今我寫入一行中文測試,內容是「這是爲了測試gitlab是否能夠正常顯示中文!」而後再push到gitlab上,以下圖:
執行完成以後,到gitlab上查看,以下圖:
能夠看到也是正常的!!!
注意:在gitlab上不能直接建立中文或者帶有中文的項目名,會報錯的提示以下:
Path can contain only letters, digits, '_', '-' and '.'. Cannot start with '-', end in '.git' or end in '.atom'
你能夠建立一個英文項目名,在此項目下建立中文目錄,保存中文文檔。不過聽說可使用工具來實現建立中文項目名的目的,這個就不介紹了。
6、gitlab忘記密碼如何找回
注:有些朋友密碼比較多容易記混或者忘記,那麼若是忘記密碼,如何找回呢?
首先你在gitlab的登陸界面點擊忘記密碼(Forgot your password)的鏈接,以下:
而後會彈出一個頁面,以下:
輸入註冊用戶時候留下的郵箱地址,這裏就顯示出了郵箱地址的重要性,而後點擊「Reset password",在彈出的頁面上會提示你已經發送了重置密碼的郵件到你的郵箱,而後你到本身郵箱查看,以下圖:
能夠在垃圾箱中看到郵件,查看郵件並點擊「Reset password」會彈出重置密碼頁面,你從新輸入本身的新密碼便可。而後彈出從新登陸界面,輸入用戶名和新設置的密碼,就能夠順利登陸了!最後會發送一封郵件告知你密碼已經成功修改,以下圖:
不足之處,請多多留言指教!