centos7配置VNC

通常狀況下使用Linux做爲服務器時只需進行最小化安裝，在某種特定需求下才會須要使用到桌面。

一、安裝"X-WINDOW"

[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "X Window System" -y

二、查看可用環境分組

[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
可用的環境分組：
   最小安裝
   基礎設施服務器
   計算節點
   文件及打印服務器
   基本網頁服務器
   虛擬化主機
   帶 GUI 的服務器
   GNOME 桌面
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   開發及生成工做站
可用組：
   傳統 UNIX 兼容性
   兼容性程序庫
   圖形管理工具
   安全性工具
   開發工具
   控制檯互聯網工具
   智能卡支持
   科學記數法支持
   系統管理
   系統管理工具
完成

三、安裝"GNOME 桌面"

 

[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "GNOME 桌面" -y

四、設置默認啓動圖形界面

 

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/systemd/system/default.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 37 12月 28 18:04 /etc/systemd/system/default.target -> /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# unlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/systemd/system/default.target
ls: 沒法訪問/etc/systemd/system/default.target: 沒有那個文件或目錄
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

五、系統重啓

 

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

六、安裝vnc服務器

 

[root@localhost ~]# yum install tigervnc-server -y

七、配置咱們的第一個vnc用戶鏈接，將vnc配置文件拷貝到系統服務啓動配置目錄下

 

[root@localhost ~]# cp  /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service

八、替換用戶名後的配置以下所示

 

[root@localhost system]# cat vncserver@\:1.service |grep -v ^$ |grep -v ^#
[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l zyy -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home/zyy/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

九、重啓systemd

[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload

十、最後還要設置一下用戶的 VNC 密碼。要設置某個用戶的密碼，必需要有能經過 sudo 切換到用戶的權限，這裏我用 zyy 的權限，執行 「su zyy」 就能夠了。

 

[root@localhost system]# su zyy
[zyy@localhost system]$ vncpasswd 
Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? y
Password:
Verify:
[zyy@localhost system]$ 
[zyy@localhost system]$ sudo -i

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for zyy: 
[root@localhost ~]#

十一、開啓vnc服務

 

[zyy@localhost system]$ sudo systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver@:1.service to /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service.
[zyy@localhost system]$ 
[zyy@localhost system]$ 
[zyy@localhost system]$ sudo systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
[zyy@localhost system]$ 
[zyy@localhost system]$ 
[zyy@localhost system]$ sudo systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2018-12-29 15:36:06 CST; 5s ago
  Process: 22221 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l zhouyuyao -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 22215 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 22254 (Xvnc)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
           ‣ 22254 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -auth /home/zhouyuyao/.Xauthority -desktop localhost.locald...

12月 29 15:36:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
12月 29 15:36:06 localhost.localdomain runuser[22221]: Creating default config /home/zhouyuy...ig
12月 29 15:36:06 localhost.localdomain runuser[22221]: Starting applications specified in /h...up
12月 29 15:36:06 localhost.localdomain runuser[22221]: Log file is /home/zhouyuyao/.vnc/loca...og
12月 29 15:36:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

十二、查看端口號

 

 

[zhouyuyao@localhost system]$ vncserver 

New 'localhost.localdomain:4 (zhouyuyao)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:4

Starting applications specified in /home/zhouyuyao/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/zhouyuyao/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:4.log

1三、在 Windows 上使用 vnc viewer 鏈接

 

 

調試過程當中發現使用 root 做爲 vnc 帳號時，才能看到遠程桌面的所有狀況。