前面咱們已經實現了服務的註冊與發現(請戳:SpringCloud系列——Eureka 服務註冊與發現),而且在註冊中心註冊了一個服務myspringboot,本文記錄多個服務之間使用Feign調用。css
Feign是一個聲明性web服務客戶端。它使編寫web服務客戶機變得更容易,本質上就是一個http,內部進行了封裝而已。html
GitHub地址:https://github.com/OpenFeign/feignjava
提供者除了要在註冊中心註冊以外,不須要引入其餘東西,注意一下幾點便可:github
一、經測試,默認狀況下,feign只能經過@RequestBody傳對象參數web
二、接參只能出現一個複雜對象,例:public Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo) { ... }redis
三、提供者若是又要向其餘消費者提供服務,又要向瀏覽器提供服務,建議保持原先的Controller,新建一個專門給消費者的Controllerspring
測試Controller接口數據庫
@RestController @RequestMapping("/user/") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("list") public Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo) { return userService.list(entityVo); } @RequestMapping("get/{id}") public Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { return userService.get(id); } }
消費者maven引入jarjson
<!-- feign --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency>
配置文件
對日期的解析,消費者要跟提供者一致,否則會報json解析錯誤
#超時時間 feign.httpclient.connection-timeout=30000 #mvc接收參數時對日期進行格式化 spring.mvc.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss #jackson對響應回去的日期參數進行格式化 spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8
服務調用
一、springdatejpa 應用名稱,是服務提供者在eureka註冊的名字,Feign會從註冊中心獲取實例
二、若是不想啓動eureka服務,直連本地開發:@FeignClient(name = "springdatejpa", path = "/user/",url = "http://localhost:10086"),或者無eureka,調用第三方服務,關閉eureka客戶端 (eureka.client.enabled=false),url直接指定第三方服務地址,path指定路徑,接口的方法指定接口
三、若是使用@RequestMapping,最好指定調用方式
四、消費者的返回值必須與提供者的返回值一致,參數對象也要一致
五、2019-05-21補充:如需進行容錯處理(服務提供者發生異常),則須要配置fallback,若是須要獲取到報錯信息,則要配置fallbackFactory<T>,例:
fallback = MyspringbootFeignFallback.class,fallbackFactory = MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory.class
/** * 容錯處理(服務提供者發生異常,將會進入這裏) */ @Component public class MyspringbootFeignFallback implements MyspringbootFeign { @Override public Result<UserVo> get(Integer id) { return Result.of(null,false,"糟糕,系統出現了點小情況,請稍後再試"); } @Override public Result<List<UserVo>> list(UserVo entityVo) { return Result.of(null,false,"糟糕,系統出現了點小情況,請稍後再試"); } }
/** * 只打印異常,容錯處理仍交給MyspringbootFeignFallback */ @Component public class MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<MyspringbootFeign> { private final MyspringbootFeignFallback myspringbootFeignFallback; public MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory(MyspringbootFeignFallback myspringbootFeignFallback) { this.myspringbootFeignFallback = myspringbootFeignFallback; } @Override public MyspringbootFeign create(Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); return myspringbootFeignFallback; } }
Feign接口
更多@FeignClient註解參數配置,請參閱官方文檔
@FeignClient(name = "springdatejpa", path = "/user/") public interface MyspringbootFeign { @RequestMapping(value = "get/{id}") Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id); @RequestMapping(value = "list", method = RequestMethod.GET) Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo); }
Controller層
/** * feign調用 */ @GetMapping("feign/get/{id}") Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ return myspringbootFeign.get(id); } /** * feign調用 */ @GetMapping("feign/list") Result<List<UserVo>> list(UserVo userVo){ return myspringbootFeign.list(userVo); }
啓動類
啓動類加入註解:@EnableFeignClients
@EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients @SpringBootApplication public class MyspringbootApplication{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MyspringbootApplication.class, args); } }
成功註冊兩個服務
成功調用
一、啓動時報了個SQL錯誤
解決:配置文件鏈接數據時指定serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
二、當我將以前搭好的一個springboot-springdata-jpa整合項目在eureka註冊時出現了一個報錯
而後在網上查了下說是由於springboot版本問題(請戳:http://www.cnblogs.com/hbbbs/articles/8444013.html),以前這個項目用的是2.0.1.RELEASE,如今要在eureka註冊,pom引入了就出現了上面的報錯
<!-- eureka-client --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- actuator --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency>
<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Greenwich.RC1</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> </repository> </repositories>
解決:升級了springboot版本,2.1.0,項目正常啓動
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <!--<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>--> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent>
2019-10-17補充:Feign設置header請求頭
方法1,mapping的headers屬性,單一設置
@FeignClient(name = "svc", path = "/modules/user/", url = "${feign.url}") public interface UserFeign extends BaseFeign<UserVo> { @PostMapping(value = "xxx",headers = {"Cookie", "JSESSIONID=xxx"}) ResultModel<List<UserVo>> xxx(UserVo entity); }
方法2,自定義FeignInterceptor,全局設置
/** * feign請求設置header參數 * 這裏好比瀏覽器調用A服務,A服務Feign調用B服務,爲了傳遞一致的sessionId */ @Component public class FeignInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor{ public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate){ String sessionId = RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getSessionId(); requestTemplate.header("Cookie", "JSESSIONID="+sessionId); } }
這樣就能夠設置cookie,傳遞token等自定義值
常見場景1
一般咱們一個服務web層、svc層、dao層,但有時候也會將拆分紅兩個服務:
web服務提供靜態資源、頁面以及controller控制器控制跳轉,數據經過java調用svc服務獲取;
svc服務,進行操做數據庫以及業務邏輯處理,同時提供接口給web服務調用;
特殊狀況下咱們想svc服務的接口也作登陸校驗,全部接口(除了登陸請求接口)都有作登陸校驗判斷,未登陸的無權訪問,這時候就須要作sessionId傳遞,將web服務的sessionId經過Feign調用時傳遞到svc服務
web服務
注:登陸成功後用sessionId做爲key,登陸用戶的id做爲value,保存到redis緩存中
登陸攔截器
/** * web登陸攔截器 */ @Component public class LoginFilter implements Filter { @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate template; @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) { } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String requestURI = request.getRequestURI(); //除了訪問首頁、登陸頁面、登陸請求,其餘的都要查看Redis緩存 String sessionId = request.getSession().getId(); String redis = template.opsForValue().get(sessionId); if (! //無需登陸便可訪問的接口 (requestURI.contains("/index/") || requestURI.contains("/login/index") || requestURI.contains("/login/login") //靜態資源 || requestURI.contains(".js") || requestURI.contains(".css") || requestURI.contains(".json") || requestURI.contains(".ico")|| requestURI.contains(".png")|| requestURI.contains(".jpg")) && StringUtils.isEmpty(redis)) {//重定向登陸頁面 response.sendRedirect("/login/index?url=" + requestURI); } else { //正常處理請求 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); } } @Override public void destroy() { } }
自定義FeignInterceptor
/** * feign請求設置header參數 * 這裏好比瀏覽器調用A服務,A服務Feign調用B服務,爲了傳遞一致的sessionId */ @Component public class FeignInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor{ public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate){ String sessionId = RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getSessionId(); requestTemplate.header("Cookie", "JSESSIONID="+sessionId); } }
svc服務
/** * svc登陸攔截器 */ @Component public class LoginFilter implements Filter { @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate template; @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) { } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String requestURI = request.getRequestURI(); //service服務,查看Redis緩存,登陸後才容許訪問(除了checkByAccountNameAndPassword) String sessionId = request.getRequestedSessionId(); if (!(requestURI.contains("/modules/user/checkByAccountNameAndPassword")) && StringUtils.isEmpty(template.opsForValue().get(sessionId))) { //提示無權訪問 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.print("對不起,你無權訪問!"); out.flush(); out.close(); } else { //正常處理請求 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); } } @Override public void destroy() { } }
會話期的sessionId,關閉瀏覽器後就失效了,因此就會退出瀏覽器後就須要從新登錄,有些狀況咱們並不想這樣,咱們想實現七天免登錄,這時候就須要自定義token,而且存放在cookie
登錄攔截器
/** * web登陸攔截器 */ @Component public class LoginFilter implements Filter { /** 靜態資源 爲防止緩存,加上時間戳標誌 */ private static final String STATIC_TAIL = "_time_="; @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate template; @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) { } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String requestURI = request.getRequestURI(); //無需登陸便可訪問的接口,登錄頁面、登錄請求 if(requestURI.contains("/login/index") || requestURI.contains("/login/login")){ //正常處理請求 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); return; } //靜態資源 if(requestURI.contains(".js") || requestURI.contains(".css") || requestURI.contains(".json") || requestURI.contains(".woff2") || requestURI.contains(".ttf")|| requestURI.contains(".ico") || requestURI.contains(".png")|| requestURI.contains(".jpg")|| requestURI.contains(".gif")){ //檢查是否有防緩存時間戳 String queryStr = request.getQueryString(); if(StringUtils.isEmpty(queryStr) || !queryStr.trim().contains(STATIC_TAIL)){ response.sendRedirect(requestURI + "?" + STATIC_TAIL + System.currentTimeMillis()); return; } //正常處理請求 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); return; } //剩下的要檢查redis緩存 String token = null; for (Cookie cookie : request.getCookies()) { if("TOKEN".equals(cookie.getName())){ token = cookie.getValue(); } } String redis = template.opsForValue().get(token); if(StringUtils.isEmpty(redis)){ //重定向登陸頁面 response.sendRedirect("/login/index?url=" + requestURI); return; } //若是都不符合,正常處理請求 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); } @Override public void destroy() { } }
登錄成功,設置cookie
public ResultModel<UserVo> login(UserVo userVo) {
此處省略查詢操做...
if (true) { HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getResponse(); //設置Redis,有效時長:7天 String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); template.opsForValue().set(uuid, userVo.getAccountNo()); template.expire(uuid, 7 * 60 * 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //設置cookie,有效時長:7天 Cookie cookie = new Cookie("TOKEN", uuid); cookie.setPath("/"); cookie.setMaxAge(7 * 24 * 60 * 60); response.addCookie(cookie); return ResultModel.of(userVo, true, "登陸成功"); } return ResultModel.of(null, false, "用戶名或密碼錯誤"); }
推出登錄,銷燬cookie
public ResultModel<UserVo> logout() { HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest(); HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getResponse(); String token = ""; for (Cookie cookie : request.getCookies()) { if("TOKEN".equals(cookie.getName())){ token = cookie.getValue(); cookie.setValue(null); cookie.setPath("/"); cookie.setMaxAge(0);// 當即銷燬cookie response.addCookie(cookie); break; } } template.delete(token); return ResultModel.of(null, true, "操做成功!"); }
代碼已經開源、託管到個人GitHub、碼雲: