【故障處理】ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

時間 2021-04-18

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【故障處理】ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

【故障處理】ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocolhtml

1.1 BLOG文檔結構圖

1.2 前言部分

1.2.1 導讀和注意事項

各位技術愛好者，看完本文後，你能夠掌握以下的技能，也能夠學到一些其它你所不知道的知識，~O(∩_∩)O~：java

① 告警日誌中頻繁出現Using deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter、ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol錯誤，9i的客戶端鏈接到12c高版本的解決方案sql

② Windows下使用oerr命令數據庫

Tips：微信

① 本文在itpub（http://blog.itpub.net/26736162）、博客園(http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest)和微信公衆號（xiaomaimiaolhr）上有同步更新。session

② 文章中用到的全部代碼、相關軟件、相關資料及本文的pdf版本都請前往小麥苗的雲盤下載，小麥苗的雲盤地址見：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/。oracle

③ 若網頁文章代碼格式有錯亂，請下載pdf格式的文檔來閱讀。app

④ 在本篇BLOG中，代碼輸出部分通常放在一行一列的表格中。less

本文若有錯誤或不完善的地方請你們多多指正，ITPUB留言或QQ皆可，您的批評指正是我寫做的最大動力。ide

1.3 故障分析及解決過程

1.3.1 故障環境介紹

項目	source db
db 類型	RAC
db version	12.1.0.2.0
db 存儲	ASM
OS版本及kernel版本	SuSE Linux Enterprise Server（SLES 11） 64位

1.3.2 故障發生現象及報錯信息

告警日誌中頻繁出現Using deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter。

或JDBC鏈接Oracle12c報以下錯誤：

Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

at oracle.jdbc.driver.DatabaseError.throwSqlException(DatabaseError.java:112)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:331)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:283)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:278)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoauthenticate.receiveOsesskey(T4CTTIoauthenticate.java:294)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CConnection.logon(T4CConnection.java:357)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.PhysicalConnection.(PhysicalConnection.java:441)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CConnection.(T4CConnection.java:165)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CDriverExtension.getConnection(T4CDriverExtension.java:35)

at oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver.connect(OracleDriver.java:801)

at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:582)

at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:154)

或者使用9i的客戶端去鏈接12c的數據庫就會報ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol這個錯誤。

1.3.3 故障分析及解決過程

使用oerr命令來查看，在Oracle 11g下：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ oerr ora 28040

28040, 0000, "No matching authentication protocol"

// *Cause: No acceptible authentication protocol for both client and server

// *Action: Administrator should set SQLNET_ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter

// on both client and servers to values that matches the minimum

// version supported in the system.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

12c下：

oracle@HQsPSL-PSCV-R02:/oracle/app/oracle> oerr ora 28040

28040, 0000, "No matching authentication protocol"

// *Cause: There was no acceptable authentication protocol for

// either client or server.

// *Action: The administrator should set the values of the

// SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER and

// SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT parameters, on both the

// client and on the server, to values that match the minimum

// version software supported in the system.

// This error is also raised when the client is authenticating to

// a user account which was created without a verifier suitable for

// the client software version. In this situation, that account's

// password must be reset, in order for the required verifier to

能夠看到，該參數在11g和12c下的解決方案是不一樣的。

查詢了一下參數SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION，發現該參數在12c中以廢棄，而是採用SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT和SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER代替。

客戶說是以前碰到了ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol的錯誤才加上該參數的。

解決：在Oracle用戶（不是grid用戶）下，將$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora文件原來的SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8註釋掉（若是沒有sqlnet.ora文件，那麼就建立一個），修改成以下的行：

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8

不用重啓數據庫或者監聽，也不用重啓應用。

區別以下：

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER：控制能夠鏈接到12c數據庫的客戶端版本（client --->orace 12c db ）

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT：控制12c數據庫能夠連到哪些版本的數據庫（orace 12c db --->其它版本的oracle db），例如：控制經過DB LINK可鏈接到哪些版本的oracle庫。

因此，該案例中主要起做用的是須要配置SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER。

特別須要注意：

（1）若是是RAC，由於RAC是使用grid的監聽器，所以不少人覺得是在「/u02/app/12.1.0/grid/network/admin/sqlnet.ora」加「SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8」，其實這是錯的，而是仍然在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora加「SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8」

（2）上面所說的版本，是指dba_users.password_versions的版本。

在Oracle 12c中，雖然在sqlnet.ora加SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8能夠解決問題，但因爲這個參數在12c已經廢棄了，而是用SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT和SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER代替。若是繼續使用該參數，會在告警日誌中無窮無盡的報「Using deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter.」，以下所示：

另外，對於JDBC的報錯也能夠下載支持oracle12c的jdbc驅動jar包。連接：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/jdbc/jdbc-drivers-12c-download-1958347.html

注：本地jdk版本爲1.6，則下載ojdbc6.jar；jdk版本爲1.7，則下載ojdbc7.jar

以下圖所示：

也能夠在在ORACLE安裝目錄lib庫目錄下載ojdbc7.jar包，而後把這個ojdbc7.jar加載到開發環境中。

[oracle@orcltest dbhome_1]$ ll $ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib/ojdbc*

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3447295 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc5dms_g.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2617019 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc5dms.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3425922 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc5_g.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2095661 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc5.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4486070 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc6dms_g.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3327656 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc6dms.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4462913 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc6_g.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2714016 Aug 23 2011 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/jdbc/lib/ojdbc6.jar

[oracle@orcltest dbhome_1]$

1.3.4 官方文檔及MOS的解釋

有關該問題，MOS上有不少文檔能夠供參考。

http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/UPGRD/deprecated.htm#UPGRD60010

12c Database Alert.log File Shows The Message: Using Deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter (文檔 ID 2111876.1)

In this Document

Symptoms

Changes

Cause

Solution

References

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Configuration Controls Governor - Version 5.5.1 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.

SYMPTOMS

On 12c database, the alert.log file shows the following message:

"Using deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter".

CHANGES

Customer upgraded to 12c database and added the following parameter in sqlnet.ora file based on the latest CCG Install Guide (CCG_Install_Guide_20150824_E25675_04.pdf).

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION

=================

SAMPLE sqlnet.ora FILE:

$ cat sqlnet.ora
# SQLNET.ORA Network Configuration File

" "

#TRACE_LEVEL_SERVER=user
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8

------------------------------------------

CAUSE

The Database is reporting these messages because the "SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION" parameter is no longer valid (with 12c).
However, this is "required" by CCG application: CCG_Install_Guide_20150824_E25675_04.pdf

The SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter is deprecated in Oracle Database 12c.
This parameter has been replaced with two new Oracle Net Services parameters:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT

SOLUTION

In order to suppress these messages in the alert log of the database, you need to use the new parameters for the 12c database.

STEPS:

1. Edit the sqlnet.ora file of the 12c database. (This needs be done on each database on 12c). So for example if both your EBS and CCG databases are on 12c, you need to do this on each sqlnet.ora file. Typically, the sqlnet.ora file that would be referenced by the database is located in RDBMS_HOME/network/admin

2. Remove or comment the following entry.

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION

3.You need to follow the instructions below:

3a. Add the following two new Oracle Net Services parameters:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER = n
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT = n

Specify the value for 'n' based on your own environment. The default setting for the new parameters is 11. Any client that attempts to connect must be at version 11 or higher unless these parameters are explicitly set in the server side sqlnet.ora file.

3b. For example: Set these parameters at the lowest version level that is required in your environment.
The example shpow below shows the following: All clients at version 10 or higher would require this setting:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=10
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10

3c. Note that SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT would be necessary on the server when the database is 'acting' as a client. Such as the case of a database link as in the case of CCG applications.

3d. Even though the parameter value implies Oracle version 10 the internal check is really against the authentication protocol 'SHA-1'

3e. For CCG, you can just set the parameter value to 10, since SHA-2 is currently not certified with CCG.

3e. See the following reference for more information about these settings.
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/NETRF/sqlnet.htm#NETRF2010

4. For setting up the values for step 3, you can also refer to the additional info section at the end of the note.

4. Bounce the database.

5. Bounce the application server.

=================

ADDITIONAL INFO:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT

Purpose

To set the minimum authentication protocol allowed for clients, and when a server is acting as a client, such as connecting over a database link, when connecting to Oracle Database instances.

Usage Notes

The term VERSION in the parameter name refers to the version of the authentication protocol, not the Oracle Database release.

If the version does not meet or exceed the value defined by this parameter, then authentication fails with an ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol error.

See Also:
Oracle Database Security Guide

Values

12a for Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) release 12.1.0.2 or later

12 for the critical patch updates CPUOct2012 and later Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (recommended)

11 for Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (default)

10 for Oracle Database 10g authentication protocols

8 for Oracle8i authentication protocol

Default

Example

If an Oracle Database 12c database hosts a database link to an Oracle Database 10g database, then the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT parameter should be set as follows in order for the database link connection to proceed:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER

Purpose

To set the minimum authentication protocol allowed when connecting to Oracle Database instances.

Usage Notes

The term VERSION in the parameter name refers to the version of the authentication protocol, not the Oracle Database release.

If the client version does not meet or exceed the value defined by this parameter, then authentication fails with an ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol error or an ORA-03134: Connections to this server version are no longer supported error.

See Also:
Oracle Database Security Guide

A setting of 8 permits most password versions, and allows any combination of the DBA_USERS.PASSWORD_VERSIONS values 10G, 11G, and 12C.

A SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER setting of 12a permits only the 12C password version.

A greater value means the server is less compatible in terms of the protocol that clients must understand in order to authenticate. The server is also more restrictive in terms of the password version that must exist to authenticate any specific account. The ability for a client to authenticate depends on the DBA_USERS.PASSWORD_VERSIONS value on the server for that account.

Note the following implications of setting the value to 12 or 12a:

The setting SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON=FALSE must not be used because case insensitivity requires the use of the 10G password version. If it is set as FALSE, then user accounts and secure roles become unusable because Exclusive Mode excludes the use of the 10G password version. The SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON initialization parameter enables or disables case sensitivity for passwords.

Note:
The use of the Oracle instance initialization parameter SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON is deprecated in favor of setting the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER parameter to 12 or 12a to ensure that passwords are treated in a case-sensitive fashion.

To take advantage of the password protections introduced in Oracle Database 11g, users must change their passwords. The new passwords are case sensitive. When an account password is changed, the earlier 10G case-insensitive password version is automatically removed.

Releases of OCI clients earlier than Oracle Database 10g and all versions of JDBC thin clients cannot authenticate to the Oracle database using password-based authentication.

If the client uses Oracle9i Database, then the client will receive an ORA-03134 error message. To allow the connection, set the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER value to 8. Ensure the DBA_USERS.PASSWORD_VERSIONS value for the account contains the value 10G. It may be necessary to reset the password for that account.

Note the following implication of setting the value to 12a:

When an account password is changed, the earlier 10G case-insensitive password version and the 11G password version are both automatically removed.

The client must support certain abilities of an authentication protocol before the server will authenticate. If the client does not support a specified authentication ability, then the server rejects the connection with an ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol error message.

The following is the list of all client abilities. Some clients do not have all abilities. Clients that are more recent have all the capabilities of the older clients, but older clients tend to have less abilities than more recent clients.

O7L_MR: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 12C password version.

O5L_NP: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 11G password version, and generating a session key encrypted for critical patch update CPUOct2012.

O5L: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 10G password version.

O4L: The ability to perform the Oracle9i database authentication protocol using the 10G password version.

O3L: The ability to perform the Oracle8i database authentication protocol using the 10G password version.

A higher ability is more recent and secure than a lower ability. Clients that are more recent have all the capabilities of the older clients.

The following table describes the allowed values, password versions, and descriptions:
Value of the ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER Parameter Generated Password Version Ability Required of the Client Meaning for Clients
12aFoot 1 12C O7L_MR Only Oracle Database 12c release 12.1.0.2 or later clients can connect to the server.
12Foot 2 11G, 12C O5L_NP Only clients which have applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later, or release 11.2.0.3 clients with an equivalent update can connect to the server.
11 10G, 11G, 12C O5L Clients using Oracle Database 10g and later can connect to the server.

Clients using releases earlier than Oracle Database release 11.2.0.3 that have not applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later patches must use the 10G password version.
10 10G, 11G, 12C O5L Clients using Oracle Database 10g and later can connect to the server.

Clients using releases earlier than Oracle Database release 11.2.0.3 that have not applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later patches must use the 10G password version.
9 10G, 11G, 12C O4L Oracle9i Database or later clients can connect to the server.
8 10G, 11G, 12C O3L Oracle8i Database and later clients can connect to the server.

Footnote 1 This is considered "Exclusive Mode" because it excludes the use of both 10G and 11G password versions.

Footnote 2 This is considered "Exclusive Mode" because it excludes the use of the 10G password version.

Values

12a for Oracle Database 12c release 12.1.0.2 or later authentication protocols (strongest protection)

12 for the critical patch updates CPUOct2012 and later Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (recommended)

11 for Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (default)

10 for Oracle Database 10g authentication protocols

9 for Oracle9i Database authentication protocol

8 for Oracle8i Database authentication protocol

Default

Example

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=11

=======================

IMPORTANT NOTES:
1) The sqlnet.ora file that is referenced by the database is located in RDBMS_HOME/network/admin. This is by default. It will not read the sqlnet.ora file in GRID_HOME/network/admin unless TNS_ADMIN is explicitly set to point there.

2) While the version 12 documentation shows settings for this parameter as low as 8, this does not override the rules of Interoperability or Certification. See the following: Note 207303.1 Client / Server Interoperability Support Matrix for Different Oracle Versions.
In other words, setting the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER parameter to 8, 9 or 10 does not mean that version of client is going to be fully supported by Oracle Support.

REFERENCES

NOTE:1304142.1 - 11g and Older: How To Use the Parameter SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Correctly

BUG:11845659 - SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION NEEDS CLEARER DOCUMENTATION
NOTE:402193.1 - How to Allow Login to Database Based on the Client Version

Error "ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol" When Using SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION (文檔 ID 755605.1)

In this Document

Symptoms

Changes

Cause

Solution

References

APPLIES TO:

JDBC - Version 10.1.0 to 12.1.0.2.0
Information in this document applies to any platform.

SYMPTOMS

When using the property "SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=10" set in the file sqlnet.ora on the server side, a 10g JDBC thin driver connecting to this 10g oracle database, fails with following errors:

The Network Adapter could not establish the connection
....
ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

CHANGES

Configuring SQLNET.ORA on the server side.

CAUSE

BUG 6051243 - ORA-28040: WHEN LISTENER USES SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION

A 10.2 thin jdbc driver is identifying itself as 8.1.5 client and hence the connection is failing with error ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

SOLUTION

To resolve the above issue you may implement any one of the following :-

- Change the entry in sqlnet.ora file on the server machine:
from:
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=10

to:
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8

OR

- Use the OCI driver instead of the THIN driver. The OCI driver identifies itself correctly as a 10.2 client and thus the connection succeeds.

OR

- If you are using 10.2.0.4 or 10.2.0.5 version of the driver then, you may download Patch:6779501 from My Oracle Support.

OR

- If you are using 10.1.0.5.0 version of the driver then, you may download Patch:6505927 from My Oracle Support.

Note: This is applicable when connecting to 10g or 11g databases. JDBC 10.1 drivers are not certified with 12c databases.

OR

- Use JDBC 11g THIN driver or later.

Note:
If using Oracle Database 12c, please see:

Home / Database / Oracle Database Online Documentation 12c Release 1 (12.1) / Installing and Upgrading
Database Upgrade Guide
8 Deprecated and Desupported Features for Oracle Database 12c
8.3.5 Deprecation of SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter
If you are upgrading a system that did not have a SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter setting (that is, it was using the default 8), then you might need to set the value of the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER to 8 in the upgraded Oracle Database 12c server to maintain compatibility with clients on earlier releases. Otherwise, if no setting for SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER (or the deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION) parameter is made in the upgraded Oracle Database 12c server, then the new default value becomes 11 in the new Oracle Database 12c.

REFERENCES

BUG:6051243 - ORA-28040: WHEN LISTENER USES SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION

8.3.5 Deprecation of SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter

The SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter is deprecated in Oracle Database 12c. This parameter has been replaced with two new Oracle Net Services parameters:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER (See Oracle Database Net Services Reference for information)
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT (See Oracle Database Net Services Reference for information)

See Also:

Oracle Database Security Guide for information about this deprecation
"Upgrading a System that Did Not Have SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter Setting"
"Check for the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter Behavior"

8.3.5.1 Upgrading a System that Did Not Have SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Parameter Setting

If you are upgrading a system that did not have a SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter setting (that is, it was using the default 8), then you might need to set the value of theSQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER to 8 in the upgraded Oracle Database 12c server to maintain compatibility with clients on earlier releases. Otherwise, if no setting forSQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER (or the deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION) parameter is made in the upgraded Oracle Database 12c server, then the new default value becomes 11 in the new Oracle Database 12c.

The effect of the new default value of 11 for SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER in Oracle Database 12c is that clients using Oracle Database release 10g and later can connect to the Oracle Database 12c server. Clients using releases earlier than Oracle Database release 11.2.0.3 that have not applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later patches must use the 10g password version.

Using a setting of 12 is most secure. However, this setting only permits Oracle Database 12c clients to connect.

See Also:

Oracle Database Readme for the topic "Protection Against Password-Guessing Attacks" and Oracle Database Net Services Reference for information about SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT

Purpose

To set the minimum authentication protocol allowed for clients, and when a server is acting as a client, such as connecting over a database link, when connecting to Oracle Database instances.

Usage Notes

The term VERSION in the parameter name refers to the version of the authentication protocol, not the Oracle Database release.

If the version does not meet or exceed the value defined by this parameter, then authentication fails with an ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol error.

See Also:

Oracle Database Security Guide

Values

12a for Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) release 12.1.0.2 or later
12 for the critical patch updates CPUOct2012 and later Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (recommended)
11 for Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (default)
10 for Oracle Database 10g authentication protocols
8 for Oracle8i authentication protocol

Default

Example

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER

Purpose

To set the minimum authentication protocol allowed when connecting to Oracle Database instances.

Usage Notes

The term VERSION in the parameter name refers to the version of the authentication protocol, not the Oracle Database release.

See Also:

Oracle Database Security Guide

A setting of 8 permits most password versions, and allows any combination of the DBA_USERS.PASSWORD_VERSIONS values 10G, 11G, and 12C.

A SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER setting of 12a permits only the 12C password version.

Note the following implications of setting the value to 12 or 12a:

The setting SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON=FALSE must not be used because case insensitivity requires the use of the 10G password version. If it is set as FALSE, then user accounts and secure roles become unusable because Exclusive Mode excludes the use of the 10G password version. The SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON initialization parameter enables or disables case sensitivity for passwords.
Note:
The use of the Oracle instance initialization parameter SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON is deprecated in favor of setting the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER parameter to 12 or 12a to ensure that passwords are treated in a case-sensitive fashion.
To take advantage of the password protections introduced in Oracle Database 11g, users must change their passwords. The new passwords are case sensitive. When an account password is changed, the earlier 10G case-insensitive password version is automatically removed.
Releases of OCI clients earlier than Oracle Database 10g and all versions of JDBC thin clients cannot authenticate to the Oracle database using password-based authentication.
If the client uses Oracle9i Database, then the client will receive an ORA-03134 error message. To allow the connection, set the SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVERvalue to8. Ensure the DBA_USERS.PASSWORD_VERSIONS value for the account contains the value 10G. It may be necessary to reset the password for that account.

Note the following implication of setting the value to 12a:

When an account password is changed, the earlier 10G case-insensitive password version and the 11G password version are both automatically removed.

O7L_MR: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 12C password version.
O5L_NP: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 11G password version, and generating a session key encrypted for critical patch update CPUOct2012.
O5L: The ability to perform the Oracle Database 10g authentication protocol using the 10G password version.
O4L: The ability to perform the Oracle9i database authentication protocol using the 10G password version.
O3L: The ability to perform the Oracle8i database authentication protocol using the 10G password version.

A higher ability is more recent and secure than a lower ability. Clients that are more recent have all the capabilities of the older clients.

The following table describes the allowed values, password versions, and descriptions:

Value of the ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER Parameter	Generated Password Version	Ability Required of the Client	Meaning for Clients
12aFoot 1	12C	O7L_MR	Only Oracle Database 12c release 12.1.0.2 or later clients can connect to the server.
12Foot 2	11G, 12C	O5L_NP	Only clients which have applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later, or release 11.2.0.3 clients with an equivalent update can connect to the server.
11	10G, 11G, 12C	O5L	Clients using Oracle Database 10g and later can connect to the server. Clients using releases earlier than Oracle Database release 11.2.0.3 that have not applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later patches must use the 10G password version.
10	10G, 11G, 12C	O5L	Clients using Oracle Database 10g and later can connect to the server. Clients using releases earlier than Oracle Database release 11.2.0.3 that have not applied critical patch update CPUOct2012 or later patches must use the 10G password version.
9	10G, 11G, 12C	O4L	Oracle9i Database or later clients can connect to the server.
8	10G, 11G, 12C	O3L	Oracle8i Database and later clients can connect to the server.

Footnote 1 This is considered "Exclusive Mode" because it excludes the use of both 10G and 11G password versions.

Footnote 2 This is considered "Exclusive Mode" because it excludes the use of the 10G password version.

Values

12a for Oracle Database 12c release 12.1.0.2 or later authentication protocols (strongest protection)
12 for the critical patch updates CPUOct2012 and later Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (recommended)
11 for Oracle Database 11g authentication protocols (default)
10 for Oracle Database 10g authentication protocols
9 for Oracle9i Database authentication protocol
8 for Oracle8i Database authentication protocol

Default

Example

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=11

1.3.4.1 12c中棄用和不支持的特性

https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/UPGRD/deprecated.htm#BABEDDGA

1.4 ORA-28040故障模擬

小麥苗有七、八、九、十、十一、12c的數據庫，因此順便模擬一下這個錯誤。

服務端爲12c的數據庫，客戶端爲9i，咱們在客戶端嘗試鏈接12c的數據庫：

Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.10240]

D:\Users\xiaomaimiao>set ORACLE_HOME=D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92

D:\Users\xiaomaimiao>set ora

ORACLE10G=D:\Program files\app\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1

ORACLE11G=D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\11.2.0.1\dbhome_1

ORACLE8I=D:\Program files\app\oracle\product\ora8i

ORACLE_HOME=D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92

D:\Users\xiaomaimiao>cd %ORACLE_HOME%/bin

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\bin>sqlplus -v

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\bin>tnsping ora12c

TNS Ping Utility for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-DEC-2016 17:44:59

Used parameter files:

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.59.128)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = lhrdb12c)))

OK (10 msec)

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\bin>sqlplus lhr/lhr@ora12c

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 17:45:07 2016

ERROR:

ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

Enter user-name:

能夠看到報ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol的錯誤。

咱們在服務端的$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora添加以下的行：

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8

從新嘗試鏈接：

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\bin>sqlplus lhr/lhr@ora12c

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 17:51:54 2016

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

能夠看到已經正常鏈接了。

若是將服務端的$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora中的SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8和SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8註釋掉，而換成SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8，以下：

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8

# SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8

# SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8

嘗試鏈接數據庫：

D:\Program_files\u01\app\oracle\product\ora92\bin>sqlplus lhr/lhr@ora12c

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 17:56:29 2016

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

能夠正常鏈接，可是查看告警日誌的時候有以下的輸出：Using deprecated SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION parameter. 並且，每鏈接一次數據庫就輸出一行該數據，和咱們以前分析的問題是一致的。

1.5 Windows下使用oerr命令

因爲客戶的環境是12c Linux的，而本身沒有12c的Linux環境，安裝較爲麻煩，索性就安裝了一個Windows版本的。結果執行oerr ora 的時候報錯了：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>oerr ora 10041

oerr: Cannot access the message file E:\app\oracle\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\rdbms\mesg\oraus.msg

No such file or directory

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>oerr ora 01555

oerr: Cannot access the message file E:\app\oracle\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\rdbms\mesg\oraus.msg

No such file or directory

經查看報錯的文件（E:\app\oracle\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\rdbms\mesg\oraus.msg）的確沒有，並且任何*.msg文件都不存在，那就從12c的Linux下把相關的$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/*.msg文件都拷貝到Windows的環境下：

[oracle@orcltest mesg]$ pwd

/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg

[oracle@orcltest mesg]$ ll *.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4070 Jul 25 2008 amduus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6298 Apr 14 2011 asmcmdus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 5886 Aug 3 2007 dbvus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 23309 Jan 28 2010 dgmus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 175881 May 11 2011 diaus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 49483 Jan 28 2010 expus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 15148 Nov 8 2009 gimus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 47609 Feb 18 2009 impus.msg

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3585 Nov 3 2009 kfedus.msg