ansible學習筆記-playbook經常使用模塊

一、template 模板文件

（1）在模板中調用外部的變量，調用方式{{ xxx }}

（2）模板中能夠使用jinja的語法，如循環、條件、宏等

#注意： 在{% %}中使用外部變量，不能加{{}}
{% for ip in ansible_all_ipv4_addresses %}
{{ ip }};
{% endfor %}
# group_names  主機所在組名
{% if 'node_slave' in group_names %}
      slave
{% else %}
      master
{% endif %}

二、set_facs  

運行過程當中在受控主機上設置變量或計算變量值

---
- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
  - name: set fact 1
    set_fact: foo="[ 'zero' ]"

  - name: set fact 2
    set_fact: foo="{{ foo }} + [ 'one' ]"

  - name: set fact 3
    set_fact: foo="{{ foo }} + [ 'two', 'three' ]"

  - name: set fact 4
    set_fact: foo="{{ foo }} + [ '{{ item }}' ]"
    with_items:
      - four
      - five
      - six
  - debug: var=foo

輸出：
    "foo": [
        "zero",
        "one",
        "two",
        "three",
        "six"
    ]

三、include_role    任務中添加角色

（1）經常使用方式

---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    flag: false
  tasks:
    - name: bbbbbbbb
      shell: echo bbbb

    - name: include test                 #方式1   
      include_role: name=test
    
    - name: include test 2               #方式2  
      include_role:
        name: test
    
    - name: cccccccccc
      shell: echo cccccccc

role中能夠繼續使用include_role

注意：最好不要這樣，若是循環調用中調用前面的role，會出現死循環。

 

（2）陷阱

a、使用when時，不能使用變量值

---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    flag: false
  tasks:
    - name: bbbbbbbb
      shell: echo bbbb

    - name: include test
      include_role: name=test
      when: flag			#flag是變量，會報錯

    - name: cccccccccc
      shell: echo cccccccc

b、能夠使用with_items

---
- hosts: localhost
  vars:
    flag: false
  tasks:
    - name: bbbbbbbb 
      shell: echo bbbb

    - name: include test
      include_role: name=test
      with_items:
        - myname: dxx
 
    - name: cccccccccc
      shell: echo cccccccc

四、pause 暫停模塊，用於與用戶交互

---
- name: time wait
  pause: seconds=30 
- name: wait on user choose
  pause: prompt="Warning Detected slight issue .ENTER to continue CTRL_C to quit"

五、wait_for

 用於啓動某些進程須要一些時間頗有用，如tcp端口是否鏈接

---
- hosts: webapps
  tasks:
    - name: install tomcat6
      yum: name=tomcat6 state=installed
    - name: service start
      service: name=tomcat6 state=start
    - name: wait for tomcat6 to start
      wait_for: port=8080 state=started

六、assemable 將多個文件合併成一個文件

---
#受控主機免密登陸dan、linna、wuzhu主機
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: make /opt/sshkeys dirctory
      file: path=/opt/sshkeys state=dirctory owner=root group=root mode=0700
    - name: copy sshkey over
      copy: src=/keys/{{item}}.pub dest=/opt/sshkeys/{{item}}.pub owner=root group=root mode=0600
      with_items:
        - dan
        - linna
        - wuzhu
    - name: make /root/.ssh dirctory
      file: path=/root/.ssh state=dirctory owner=root group=root mode=0700
    - name: build the authorized_keys file
      assemable: src=/opt/sshkeys dest=/root/.ssh/authorized_keys

六、其餘模塊

（1）add_host

動態添加受管主機到playbook中

（2）get_url、uri

- name: download foo.conf
  get_url: url=http://example.com/path/file.conf dest=/tmp/foo.conf mode=0440

（3）group_by 建立組根據facts

- name: create group like 'kvm-host'
  group_by: key=virt_{{ ansible_virtualization_type}}_{{ ansible_virtualization_role }}

（4）script

將控制主機的腳本在被管理主機上運行

（5）debug 調試

- name: debug
  debug: msg="{{ansible_distribution}}"  var="aaaa"