SpringMVC項目搭建及遇到的問題

時間  2019-11-10
標籤 springmvc 項目 搭建 遇到 問題 欄目 Spring 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

搭建步驟：html

1.加入jar包java

2.在web.xml中dispatcherservletweb

3.加入Spring MVC 配置文件spring

4.編寫請求處理器並標識爲控制器apache

5.編寫視圖tomcat

1.新建Dynamic Web Project文件(主要勾選，可自動生成web.xml)服務器

2.將mvc jar 加入mvc

3.配置核心控制器 dispatcherservlet(安裝插件，自動生成，見上篇)app

web.xmljsp

<init-param>
            <param-name>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-name>
            <param-value>location</param-value>
        </init-param>

初始化參數配置：classpath：springmvc.xml，路徑設置爲classpath下的springmvc.xml

配置當前servlet映射，<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>因此請求都經過springmvc.xml，並被dispatcherservlet所處理。

代碼：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
 <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-name>
			<param-value>location</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>url</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.在類路徑下面設置springmvc.xml配置文件，與初始化參數中的名稱保持一致。

別忘記加入context包

物理視圖：真實存在的文件

邏輯視圖：經過視圖解析器（類）解析成物理視圖

邏輯視圖爲hello,尋找到的爲/hello.jsp

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ex.handler"></context:component-scan>
<bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

4.創建index.jsp

請求某個控制器，並響應

會出現問題：Multiple annotations found at this line:
    - The superclass "javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet" was not found on the Java 
     Build Path

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="hello">hello world</a>
</body>
</html>

解決辦法：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_16381803/article/details/46888585

個人服務器是8.0，就是沒有添加服務器的問題

5.建一個普通的java類在src下，包名能夠本身隨意發揮

package com.ex.handler;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class helloworldhandler {
/**
 * 控制器處理請求的業務方法名稱
 * public string 方法名稱（）{
 * 
 * }
 * 若是方法是公有的，而且暫時是string類型，就能夠接受請求，處理相應
 * string：當前方法處理完畢後，因此返回的邏輯視圖名稱
 * 
 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello")
	public String hello() {
		System.out.println("歡迎走進spring MVC，你建立的第一個方法成功了");
		return "success";
	}

}

而後就能夠運行了！啦啦啦

然而出現了問題，，，，

root cause
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:343)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:621)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:672)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:638)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:686)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:554)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
	javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:673)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

 root cause
java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]
	org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:159)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:329)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:621)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:672)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:638)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:686)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:554)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
	javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:673)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

 note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.27 logs.

查了不少答案，最後的解決方法爲：

index.jsp和success.jsp的位置問題，index.jsp在WebContent文件夾下，success.jsp在WEB-INF文件下。

而後出現了index.jsp的界面，可是點超連接仍是500，氣人不，，，，，

後來發現個人web.xml文件寫錯了，，，，，因此dispatcherservlet處理不了請求

<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

而後就成功了！！！！

ps:若是還有500問題也有多是服務器和jdk版本的問題，個人解決方法是：

window-preferences-server-Runtime Environment-edit

jre選擇第一個，我開始用的我本身的jdk,就一直出問題，，而後通過一步步的艱辛，終於運行出來第一個程序，感受環境搭建有的時候挺難的還很致命，因此，，解決了環境問題，接下來就是專心學習spring MVC啦啦啦，巨開森！！！

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