SAPIphp
Zend VMhtml
內部擴展linux
關於各類SAPI或者PHP自己的生命週期,可能會和其餘組件如apache耦合,後續再細談。關於PHP擴展的生命週期,這裏借用一張圖。流程應該是很容易明白的,關於這個過程,網上也有不少資料,再也不贅述。咱們開發擴展須要注意的幾個地方也能夠對應到圖中的某些節點:apache
全局變量的定義,一般是zend_modulename_globalsapi
模塊的初始化,包括資源/類/常量/ini配置等模塊級的初始化安全
請求的初始化,包括與單次請求相關的一些初始化數據結構
請求的結束,清理單次請求相關的數據/內存多線程
模塊的卸載,清理模塊相關的數據/內存框架
基本上咱們要作的就是按照上面的流程,實現相關的內置函數,定義本身的資源/全局變量/類/函數等。值得注意的地方是在在嵌入其餘語言如Python或者被嵌入其餘組件如apache時,要當心多進程多線程相關的問題。socket
./ext_skel --extname=myext [tan@tan ~/software/needbak/php-5.5.20/ext 12:24]$==> ls myext/ config.m4 config.w32 CREDITS EXPERIMENTAL myext.c myext.php php_myext.h tests
比較重要的文件是config.m4(固然還有源碼),config.m4文件可使用phpize命令生成configure文件,其中說明了咱們是否開啓模塊,以及外部依賴的庫。
//config.m4 //若是你的擴展依賴其餘外部庫 dnl PHP_ARG_WITH(myext, for myext support, dnl Make sure that the comment is aligned: dnl [ --with-myext Include myext support]) //擴展不依賴外部庫 dnl PHP_ARG_ENABLE(myext, whether to enable myext support, dnl Make sure that the comment is aligned: dnl [ --enable-myext Enable myext support]) //尋找幷包含頭文件 if test "$PHP_MYEXT" != "no"; then dnl Write more examples of tests here... dnl # --with-myext -> check with-path dnl SEARCH_PATH="/usr/local /usr" # you might want to change this dnl SEARCH_FOR="/include/myext.h" # you most likely want to change this dnl if test -r $PHP_MYEXT/$SEARCH_FOR; then # path given as parameter dnl MYEXT_DIR=$PHP_MYEXT dnl else # search default path list dnl AC_MSG_CHECKING([for myext files in default path]) dnl for i in $SEARCH_PATH ; do dnl if test -r $i/$SEARCH_FOR; then dnl MYEXT_DIR=$i dnl AC_MSG_RESULT(found in $i) dnl fi dnl done dnl fi dnl dnl if test -z "$MYEXT_DIR"; then dnl AC_MSG_RESULT([not found]) dnl AC_MSG_ERROR([Please reinstall the myext distribution]) dnl fi dnl # --with-myext -> add include path dnl PHP_ADD_INCLUDE($MYEXT_DIR/include) //加載的lib位置 dnl # --with-myext -> check for lib and symbol presence dnl LIBNAME=myext # you may want to change this dnl LIBSYMBOL=myext # you most likely want to change this dnl PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY($LIBNAME,$LIBSYMBOL, dnl [ dnl PHP_ADD_LIBRARY_WITH_PATH($LIBNAME, $MYEXT_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR, MYEXT_SHARED_LIBADD) dnl AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MYEXTLIB,1,[ ]) dnl ],[ dnl AC_MSG_ERROR([wrong myext lib version or lib not found]) dnl ],[ dnl -L$MYEXT_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR -lm dnl ]) dnl dnl PHP_SUBST(MYEXT_SHARED_LIBADD) PHP_NEW_EXTENSION(myext, myext.c, $ext_shared) fi
//php_myext.h #ifndef PHP_MYEXT_H #define PHP_MYEXT_H extern zend_module_entry myext_module_entry; #define phpext_myext_ptr &myext_module_entry //導出符號,在連接的時候有用 #ifdef PHP_WIN32 # define PHP_MYEXT_API __declspec(dllexport) #elif defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4 # define PHP_MYEXT_API __attribute__ ((visibility("default"))) #else # define PHP_MYEXT_API #endif #ifdef ZTS #include "TSRM.h" #endif //幾個核心函數的聲明 PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(myext); PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(myext); PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(myext); PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(myext); PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(myext); //自動生成的測試函數聲明,咱們本身定義的模塊函數須要在此聲明 PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_myext_compiled); //全局變量在這定義,展開後是zend_myext_globals結構體 ZEND_BEGIN_MODULE_GLOBALS(myext) long global_value; char *global_string; ZEND_END_MODULE_GLOBALS(myext) //線程安全與非線程安全下獲取全局變量的方式 #ifdef ZTS #define MYEXT_G(v) TSRMG(myext_globals_id, zend_myext_globals *, v) #else #define MYEXT_G(v) (myext_globals.v) #endif #endif /* PHP_MYEXT_H */
//myext.c #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" #endif #include "php.h" #include "php_ini.h" #include "ext/standard/info.h" #include "php_myext.h" //全局變量聲明 ZEND_DECLARE_MODULE_GLOBALS(myext) /* True global resources - no need for thread safety here */ static int le_myext; //模塊函數的導出 const zend_function_entry myext_functions[] = { PHP_FE(confirm_myext_compiled, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */ PHP_FE_END /* Must be the last line in myext_functions[] */ }; //模塊結構 zend_module_entry myext_module_entry = { #if ZEND_MODULE_API_NO >= 20010901 STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER, #endif "myext", myext_functions, PHP_MINIT(myext), PHP_MSHUTDOWN(myext), PHP_RINIT(myext), /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request start */ PHP_RSHUTDOWN(myext), /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request end */ PHP_MINFO(myext), #if ZEND_MODULE_API_NO >= 20010901 PHP_MYEXT_VERSION, #endif STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES }; #ifdef COMPILE_DL_MYEXT ZEND_GET_MODULE(myext) #endif //ini配置文件的設置 PHP_INI_BEGIN() STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("myext.global_value", "42", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateLong, global_value, zend_myext_globals, myext_globals) STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("myext.global_string", "foobar", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateString, global_string, zend_myext_globals, myext_globals) PHP_INI_END() //初始化全局變量 static void php_myext_init_globals(zend_myext_globals *myext_globals) { myext_globals->global_value = 0; myext_globals->global_string = NULL; } //模塊加載時的函數 PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(myext) { /* If you have INI entries, uncomment these lines REGISTER_INI_ENTRIES(); */ return SUCCESS; } //模塊卸載時函數 PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(myext) { /* uncomment this line if you have INI entries UNREGISTER_INI_ENTRIES(); */ return SUCCESS; } //請求初始化函數 PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(myext) { return SUCCESS; } //請求關閉函數 PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(myext) { return SUCCESS; } //模塊信息,phpinfo PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(myext) { php_info_print_table_start(); php_info_print_table_header(2, "myext support", "enabled"); php_info_print_table_end(); /* Remove comments if you have entries in php.ini DISPLAY_INI_ENTRIES(); */ } //測試函數 PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_myext_compiled) { char *arg = NULL; int arg_len, len; char *strg; if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "s", &arg, &arg_len) == FAILURE) { return; } len = spprintf(&strg, 0, "Congratulations! You have successfully modified ext/%.78s/config.m4. Module %.78s is now compiled into PHP.", "myext", arg); RETURN_STRINGL(strg, len, 0); }