1、 POI簡介
Apache POI是Apache軟件基金會的開放源碼函式庫,POI提供API給Java程序對Microsoft Office格式檔案讀和寫的功能。html
2、 HSSF概況
HSSF 是Horrible SpreadSheet Format的縮寫,經過HSSF,你能夠用純Java代碼來讀取、寫入、修改Excel文件。HSSF 爲讀取操做提供了兩類API:usermodel和eventusermodel,即「用戶模型」和「事件-用戶模型」。app
3、 POI EXCEL文檔結構類
HSSFWorkbook excel文檔對象字體
HSSFSheet excel的sheet HSSFRow excel的行lua
HSSFCell excel的單元格 HSSFFont excel字體url
HSSFName 名稱 HSSFDataFormat 日期格式spa
HSSFHeader sheet頭.net
HSSFFooter sheet尾excel
HSSFCellStyle cell樣式orm
HSSFDateUtil 日期htm
HSSFPrintSetup 打印
HSSFErrorConstants 錯誤信息表
4、 EXCEL經常使用操做方法
一、 獲得Excel經常使用對象
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?
- POIFSFileSystem fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:/test.xls"));
- //獲得Excel工做簿對象
- HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
- //獲得Excel工做表對象
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
- //獲得Excel工做表的行
- HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
- //獲得Excel工做表指定行的單元格
- HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) j);
- cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();//獲得單元格樣式
二、創建Excel經常使用對象
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- HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//建立Excel工做簿對象
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");//建立Excel工做表對象
- HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0); //建立Excel工做表的行
- cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();//建立單元格樣式
- row.createCell((short)0).setCellStyle(cellStyle); //建立Excel工做表指定行的單元格
- row.createCell((short)0).setCellValue(1); //設置Excel工做表的值
三、設置sheet名稱和單元格內容
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?
- wb.setSheetName(1, "第一張工做表",HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
- cell.setEncoding((short) 1);
- cell.setCellValue("單元格內容");
四、取得sheet的數目
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- wb.getNumberOfSheets()
五、 根據index取得sheet對象
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- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
六、取得有效的行數
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- int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum();
七、取得一行的有效單元格個數
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- row.getLastCellNum();
八、單元格值類型讀寫
- cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); //設置單元格爲STRING類型
- cell.getNumericCellValue();//讀取爲數值類型的單元格內容
九、設置列寬、行高
- sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width);
- row.setHeight((short)height);
十、添加區域,合併單元格
- Region region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo
- ,(short)columnTo);//合併從第rowFrom行columnFrom列
- sheet.addMergedRegion(region);// 到rowTo行columnTo的區域
- //獲得全部區域
- sheet.getNumMergedRegions()
十一、保存Excel文件
- FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(path);
- wb.write(fileOut);
十二、根據單元格不一樣屬性返回字符串數值
- public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) {
- String cellValue = "";
- switch (cell.getCellType()) {
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING://字符串類型
- cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
- if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)
- cellValue=" ";
- break;
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //數值類型
- cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
- break;
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式
- cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
- cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
- break;
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
- cellValue=" ";
- break;
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
- break;
- case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- return cellValue;
- }
1三、經常使用單元格邊框格式
- HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
- style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//下邊框
- style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//左邊框
- style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右邊框
- style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上邊框
1四、設置字體和內容位置
- HSSFFont f = wb.createFont();
- f.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字號
- f.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗
- style.setFont(f);
- style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中
- style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中
- style.setRotation(short rotation);//單元格內容的旋轉的角度
- HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat();
- style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//設置單元格數據格式
- cell.setCellFormula(string);//給單元格設公式
- style.setRotation(short rotation);//單元格內容的旋轉的角度
1五、插入圖片
- //先把讀進來的圖片放到一個ByteArrayOutputStream中,以便產生ByteArray
- ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- BufferedImage bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("ok.jpg"));
- ImageIO.write(bufferImg,"jpg",byteArrayOut);
- //讀進一個excel模版
- FileInputStream fos = new FileInputStream(filePathName+"/stencil.xlt");
- fs = new POIFSFileSystem(fos);
- //建立一個工做薄
- HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
- HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
- HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10);
- patriarch.createPicture(anchor , wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(),HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
1六、調整工做表位置
- HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
- HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup();
- sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
- ps.setFitHeight((short)1);
- ps.setFitWidth((short)1);
1七、設置打印區域
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");
- wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2");
1八、標註腳註
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet");
- HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter()
- footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() );
1九、在工做單中清空行數據,調整行位置
- HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet");
- // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
- // Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5)
- sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5);
20、選中指定的工做表
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet");
- heet.setSelected(true);
2一、工做表的放大縮小
- HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
- sheet1.setZoom(1,2); // 50 percent magnification
2二、頭注和腳註
- HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
- HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader();
- header.setCenter("Center Header");
- header.setLeft("Left Header");
- header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") +
- HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");
2三、自定義顏色
- HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
- style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index);
- style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
- HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
- font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
- style.setFont(font);
- cell.setCellStyle(style);
2四、填充和顏色設置
- HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
- style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index);
- style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
- HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
- cell.setCellValue("X");
- style = wb.createCellStyle();
- style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);
- style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
- cell.setCellStyle(style);
2五、強行刷新單元格公式
- HSSFFormulaEvaluator eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb);
- private static void updateFormula(Workbook wb,Sheet s,int row){
- Row r=s.getRow(row);
- Cell c=null;
- FormulaEcaluator eval=null;
- if(wb instanceof HSSFWorkbook)
- eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb);
- else if(wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook)
- eval=new XSSFFormulaEvaluator((XSSFWorkbook) wb);
- for(int i=r.getFirstCellNum();i
- c=r.getCell(i);
- if(c.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA)
- eval.evaluateFormulaCell(c);
- }
- }
說明:FormulaEvaluator提供了evaluateFormulaCell(Cell cell)方法,計算公式保存結果,但不改變公式。而evaluateInCell(Cell cell) 方法是計算公式,並將原公式替換爲計算結果,也就是說該單元格的類型不在是Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA而是Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMBERIC。HSSFFormulaEvaluator提供了靜態方法evaluateAllFormu
laCells(HSSFWorkbook wb) ,計算一個Excel文件的全部公式,用起來很方便。
-------------------------------------------poi 方法總結-------------------------------------------------------------------
-.設置不顯示excel網格線
sheet.setDisplayGridlines(false);其中sheet是Sheet對象
2.設置excel單元格中的內容換行
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);其中cellStyle是WorkBook建立的CellStyle對象,而後將cellStyle設置到要換行的Cell對象,最後在要換行的對象(通常爲字符串)加入"/r/n"。如
topTile.append("/r/n" +"cellContent");
3.單元格的合併
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 4, 0, 2));本示例爲合併4行2列
4.設置頁眉和頁腳的頁數
HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader();
header.setCenter("Center Header");
header.setLeft("Left Header");
header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") +
HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");
HSSFFooter footer = (HSSFFooter )sheet.getFooter()
footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() );
5.使得一個Sheet適合一頁
sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
6.設置放大屬性(Zoom被明確爲一個分數,例以下面的75%使用3做爲分子,4做爲分母)
sheet.setZoom(3,4);
7.設置打印
HSSFPrintSetup print = (HSSFPrintSetup) sheet.getPrintSetup();
print.setLandscape(true);//設置橫向打印
print.setScale((short) 70);//設置打印縮放70%
print.setPaperSize(HSSFPrintSetup.A4_PAPERSIZE);//設置爲A4紙張
print.setLeftToRight(true);//設置打印順序先行後列,默認爲先列行
print.setFitHeight((short) 10);設置縮放調整爲10頁高
print.setFitWidth((short) 10);設置縮放調整爲寬高
sheet.setAutobreaks(false);
if (i != 0 && i % 30 == 0)
sheet.setRowBreak(i);//設置每30行分頁打印
8.反覆的行和列(設置打印標題)
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
wb.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0, 0, 12, 1, 6);//設置1到12列,行1到6每一頁重複打印
9.調整單元格寬度
sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
sheet.setColumnWidth((short)i,colsWidth[i]); //設定單元格長度
sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) i);//自動根據長度調整單元格長度