Quartz學習
Quartz學習
1.Quartz CronTrigger 最完整配置說明
CronTrigger配置格式:html
格式: [秒] [分] [小時] [日] [月] [周] [年]java
| 序號 | 說明 | 是否必填 | 容許填寫的值 | 容許的通配符 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 秒 | 是 | 0-59 | , - * / |
| 2 | 分 | 是 | 0-59 | , - * / |
| 3 | 小時 | 是 | 0-23 | , - * / |
| 4 | 日 | 是 | 1-31 | , - * ? / L W |
| 5 | 月 | 是 | 1-12 or JAN-DEC | , - * / |
| 6 | 周 | 是 | 1-7 or SUN-SAT | , - * ? / L # |
| 7 | 年 | 否 | empty 或 1970-2099 | , - * / |
通配符說明:服務器
* 表示全部值. 例如:在分的字段上設置 "*",表示每一分鐘都會觸發。併發
? 表示不指定值。使用的場景爲不須要關心當前設置這個字段的值。例如:要在每個月的10號觸發一個操做，但不關心是周幾，因此須要周位置的那個字段設置爲"?" 具體設置爲 0 0 0 10 * ?框架
- 表示區間。例如 在小時上設置 "10-12",表示 10,11,12點都會觸發。ide
, 表示指定多個值，例如在周字段上設置 "MON,WED,FRI" 表示週一，週三和週五觸發學習
/ 用於遞增觸發。如在秒上面設置"5/15" 表示從5秒開始，每增15秒觸發(5,20,35,50)。 在月字段上設置'1/3'所示每個月1號開始，每隔三天觸發一次。測試
L 表示最後的意思。在日字段設置上，表示當月的最後一天(依據當前月份，若是是二月還會依據是不是潤年[leap]), 在周字段上表示星期六，至關於"7"或"SAT"。若是在"L"前加上數字，則表示該數據的最後一個。例如在周字段上設置"6L"這樣的格式,則表示「本月最後一個星期五" ui
W 表示離指定日期的最近那個工做日(週一至週五). 例如在日字段上設置"15W"，表示離每個月15號最近的那個工做日觸發。若是15號正好是週六，則找最近的週五(14號)觸發, 若是15號是周未，則找最近的下週一(16號)觸發.若是15號正好在工做日(週一至週五)，則就在該天觸發。若是指定格式爲 "1W",它則表示每個月1號日後最近的工做日觸發。若是1號正是週六，則將在3號下週一觸發。(注，"W"前只能設置具體的數字,不容許區間"-").this
# 序號(表示每個月的第幾個周幾)，例如在周字段上設置"6#3"表示在每個月的第三個週六.注意若是指定"#5",正好第五週沒有周六，則不會觸發該配置(用在母親節和父親節再合適不過了)
<br/>
Quartz Scheduler 任務參數與任務狀態
@DisallowConcurrentExecution (簡單來講:不容許任務還沒結束,新開線程執行任務)
此標記用在實現Job的類上面,意思是不容許併發執行,按照我以前的理解是 不容許調度框架在同一時刻調用Job類，後來通過測試發現並非這樣，而是Job(任務)的執行時間[好比須要10秒]大於任務的時間間隔[Interval（5秒)],那麼默認狀況下,調度框架爲了能讓 任務按照咱們預約的時間間隔執行,會立刻啓用新的線程執行任務。不然的話會等待任務執行完畢之後 再從新執行！（這樣會致使任務的執行不是按照咱們預先定義的時間間隔執行）
測試代碼，這是官方提供的例子。設定的時間間隔爲3秒,但job執行時間是5秒,設置@DisallowConcurrentExecution之後程序會等任務執行完畢之後再去執行,不然會在3秒時再啓用新的線程執行
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5 這裏配置框架的線程池中線程的數量,要多配置幾個,不然@DisallowConcurrentExecution不起做用
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = MyScheduler org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5 org.quartz.jobStore.class =org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class StatefulDumbJob implements Job {
/*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Constants.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*/
public static final String NUM_EXECUTIONS = "NumExecutions";
public static final String EXECUTION_DELAY = "ExecutionDelay";
/*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Constructors.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*/
public StatefulDumbJob() {
}
/*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Interface.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*/
/**
* <p>
* Called by the <code>{@link org.quartz.Scheduler}</code> when a <code>{@link org.quartz.Trigger}</code>
* fires that is associated with the <code>Job</code>.
* </p>
*
* @throws JobExecutionException
* if there is an exception while executing the job.
*/
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
throws JobExecutionException {
System.err.println("---" + context.getJobDetail().getKey()
+ " executing.[" + new Date() + "]");
JobDataMap map = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
int executeCount = 0;
if (map.containsKey(NUM_EXECUTIONS)) {
executeCount = map.getInt(NUM_EXECUTIONS);
}
executeCount++;
map.put(NUM_EXECUTIONS, executeCount);
long delay = 5000l;
if (map.containsKey(EXECUTION_DELAY)) {
delay = map.getLong(EXECUTION_DELAY);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(delay);
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
System.err.println(" -" + context.getJobDetail().getKey()
+ " complete (" + executeCount + ").");
}
}
public class MisfireExample {
public void run() throws Exception {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MisfireExample.class);
log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");
// First we must get a reference to a scheduler
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");
log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs -----------");
// jobs can be scheduled before start() has been called
// get a "nice round" time a few seconds in the future...
Date startTime = nextGivenSecondDate(null, 15);
// statefulJob1 will run every three seconds
// (but it will delay for ten seconds)
JobDetail job = newJob(StatefulDumbJob.class)
.withIdentity("statefulJob1", "group1")
.usingJobData(StatefulDumbJob.EXECUTION_DELAY, 10000L)
.build();
SimpleTrigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(startTime)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInSeconds(3)
.repeatForever())
.build();
Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
log.info(job.getKey() +
" will run at: " + ft +
" and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() +
" times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");
log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");
// jobs don't start firing until start() has been called...
sched.start();
log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");
try {
// sleep for ten minutes for triggers to file....
Thread.sleep(600L * 1000L);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
sched.shutdown(true);
log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
MisfireExample example = new MisfireExample();
example.run();
}
}
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
此標記說明在執行完Job的execution方法後保存JobDataMap當中固定數據,在默認狀況下 也就是沒有設置 @PersistJobDataAfterExecution的時候 每一個job都擁有獨立JobDataMap
不然改任務在重複執行的時候具備相同的JobDataMap
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class BadJob1 implements Job {
public BadJob1() {
}
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
throws JobExecutionException {
JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
JobDataMap dataMap = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
int denominator = dataMap.getInt("denominator");
System.out.println("---" + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date() + " with denominator " + denominator);
denominator++;
dataMap.put("denominator", denominator);
}
}
public class JobExceptionExample {
public void run() throws Exception {
// First we must get a reference to a scheduler
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
// jobs can be scheduled before start() has been called
// get a "nice round" time a few seconds in the future...
Date startTime = nextGivenSecondDate(null, 2);
JobDetail job = newJob(BadJob1.class)
.withIdentity("badJob1", "group1")
.usingJobData("denominator", "0")
.build();
SimpleTrigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(startTime)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInSeconds(2)
.repeatForever())
.build();
Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
//任務每2秒執行一次 那麼在BadJob1的方法中拿到的JobDataMap的數據是共享的.
//這裏要注意一個狀況： 就是JobDataMap的數據共享只針對一個BadJob1任務。
//若是在下面在新增長一個任務 那麼他們之間是不共享的 好比下面
JobDetail job2 = newJob(BadJob1.class)
.withIdentity("badJob1", "group1")
.usingJobData("denominator", "0")
.build();
SimpleTrigger trigger2 = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(startTime)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInSeconds(2)
.repeatForever())
.build();
//這個job2與job執行的JobDataMap不共享
sched.scheduleJob(job2, trigger2);
sched.start();
try {
// sleep for 30 seconds
Thread.sleep(30L * 1000L);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
sched.shutdown(false);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
JobExceptionExample example = new JobExceptionExample();
example.run();
}
}
requestRecovery的意思是當任務在執行過程當中出現意外 好比服務器down了 那麼在重啓時候是否恢復任務
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.storeDurably()
.requestRecovery()
.build();
<br/>
Quartz Scheduler當任務中出現異常時的處理策略(JobExecutionExceptions)
問題1 若是任務執行發生錯誤了怎麼辦!
Quartz提供了二種解決方法:
- 1 當即從新執行任務
- 2 當即中止全部相關這個任務的觸發器
問題2 怎麼去執行呢?
Quartz的解決方式是:在你的程序出錯時,用Quartz提供的JobExecutionException類相關方法很好的解決
1、當即從新執行該任務
當任務中出現異常時，咱們捕獲它，而後轉換爲JobExecutionExceptions異常拋出，同時能夠控制調度引擎當即從新執行這個任務。
try {
int zero = 0;
int calculation = 4815 / zero;
}
catch (Exception e) {
_log.info("--- Error in job!");
JobExecutionException e2 =
new JobExecutionException(e);
// this job will refire immediately
e2.refireImmediately();
throw e2;
}
2、取消全部與這個任務關聯的觸發器
try {
int zero = 0;
int calculation = 4815 / zero;
}
catch (Exception e) {
_log.info("--- Error in job!");
JobExecutionException e2 =
new JobExecutionException(e);
// Quartz will automatically unschedule
// all triggers associated with this job
// so that it does not run again
e2.setUnscheduleAllTriggers(true);
throw e2;
}
<br/>
Quartz Scheduler與Spring集成(一) 基礎配置與常見問題
https://www.cnblogs.com/daxin...
經常使用操做代碼:
http://www.quartz-scheduler.o...
<br/>
Quartz How-To:Defining a Job (with input data)
Job:
public class PrintPropsJob implements Job {
public PrintPropsJob() {
// Instances of Job must have a public no-argument constructor.
}
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
throws JobExecutionException {
JobDataMap data = context.getMergedJobDataMap();
System.out.println("someProp = " + data.getString("someProp"));
}
}
Define job instance:
JobDetail job1 = newJob(MyJobClass.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1") //標識任務
.usingJobData("someProp", "someValue") //input data
.build();
<br/>
Quartz How-To: Scheduling a Job
// Define job instance
JobDetail job1 = newJob(ColorJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
// Define a Trigger that will fire "now", and not repeat
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startNow()
.build();
// Schedule the job with the trigger
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
<br/>
How-To: Update an existing job
// Add the new job to the scheduler, instructing it to "replace"
// the existing job with the given name and group (if any)
JobDetail job1 = newJob(MyJobClass.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
// store, and set overwrite flag to 'true'
scheduler.addJob(job1, true);
<br/>
How-To: Updating a trigger
有一些業務場景，咱們須要手動去更新任務的觸發時間，好比某個任務是每隔10分鐘觸發一次，如今須要改爲每隔20分鐘觸發一次，這樣既就須要手動的更新觸發器
官方的例子:
http://www.quartz-scheduler.o...
Replacing a trigger 替換觸發器，經過triggerkey移除舊的觸發器，同時添加一個新的進去。
// Define a new Trigger
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("newTrigger", "group1")
.startNow()
.build();
// tell the scheduler to remove the old trigger with the given key, and put the new one in its place
sched.rescheduleJob(triggerKey("oldTrigger", "group1"), trigger);
可是有一個地方須要注意：sched.rescheduleJob(triggerKey("oldTrigger", "group1"), trigger); 這個方法返回一個Date.
若是返回 null 說明替換失敗，緣由就是舊觸發器沒有找到，因此新的觸發器也不會設置進去.
<br/>
How-To: Using Job Listeners
Quartz Scheduler 能夠對Job(任務)創建一個監聽器，分別對任務執行 以前-以後-取消 3個狀態進行監聽。
實現監聽器須要實現JobListener接口，而後註冊到Scheduler上就能夠了。
一：首先寫一個監聽器實現類
package com.gary.operation.jobdemo.example1;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.JobListener;
public class MyJobListener implements JobListener {
@Override
public String getName() {
return "MyJobListener";
}
/**
* (1)
* 任務執行以前執行
* Called by the Scheduler when a JobDetail is about to be executed (an associated Trigger has occurred).
*/
@Override
public void jobToBeExecuted(JobExecutionContext context) {
System.out.println("MyJobListener.jobToBeExecuted()");
}
/**
* (2)
* 這個方法正常狀況下不執行,可是若是當TriggerListener中的vetoJobExecution方法返回true時,那麼執行這個方法.
* 須要注意的是 若是方法(2)執行 那麼(1),(3)這個倆個方法不會執行,由於任務被終止了嘛.
* Called by the Scheduler when a JobDetail was about to be executed (an associated Trigger has occurred),
* but a TriggerListener vetoed it's execution.
*/
@Override
public void jobExecutionVetoed(JobExecutionContext context) {
System.out.println("MyJobListener.jobExecutionVetoed()");
}
/**
* (3)
* 任務執行完成後執行,jobException若是它不爲空則說明任務在執行過程當中出現了異常
* Called by the Scheduler after a JobDetail has been executed, and be for the associated Trigger's triggered(xx) method has been called.
*/
@Override
public void jobWasExecuted(JobExecutionContext context,
JobExecutionException jobException) {
System.out.println("MyJobListener.jobWasExecuted()");
}
}
二：將這個監聽器註冊到Scheduler
假設有一個任務的key是 job1與 group1
// define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
全局註冊,全部Job都會起做用 Registering A JobListener With The Scheduler To Listen To All Jobs sched.getListenerManager().addJobListener(new MyJobListener());
指定具體的任務
Registering A JobListener With The Scheduler To Listen To A Specific Job
Matcher<JobKey> matcher = KeyMatcher.keyEquals(new JobKey("job1", "group1"));
sched.getListenerManager().addJobListener(new MyJobListener(), matcher);
指定一組任務
Registering A JobListener With The Scheduler To Listen To All Jobs In a Group
GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.jobGroupEquals("group1");
sched.getListenerManager().addJobListener(new MyJobListener(), matcher);
能夠根據組的名字匹配開頭和結尾或包含
GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.groupStartsWith("g");
GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.groupContains("g");
sched.getListenerManager().addJobListener(new MyJobListener(), matcher);
<br/>
How-To: Trigger That Executes Every Day
Using CronTrigger
trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger3", "group1")
.startNow()
.withSchedule(dailyAtHourAndMinute(15, 0)) // fire every day at 15:00
.build();
Using SimpleTrigger
trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger3", "group1")
.startAt(tomorrowAt(15, 0, 0) // first fire time 15:00:00 tomorrow
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInHours(24) // interval is actually set at 24 hours' worth of milliseconds
.repeatForever())
.build();
Using CalendarIntervalTrigger
trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger3", "group1")
.startAt(tomorrowAt(15, 0, 0) // 15:00:00 tomorrow
.withSchedule(calendarIntervalSchedule()
.withIntervalInDays(1)) // interval is set in calendar days
.build();
<br/>
Quartz Trigger Priority 觸發器優先級
當多個觸發器在一個相同的時間內觸發，而且調度引擎中的資源有限的狀況下，那麼具備較高優先級的觸發器先觸發。
須要將配置文件中的org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 1設置爲1，這樣能更好的測試出效果。
package com.gary.operation.jobdemo.example14;
import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.futureDate;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
import static org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule;
import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;
import java.util.Date;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class PriorityExample {
public void run() throws Exception {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PriorityExample.class);
// First we must get a reference to a scheduler
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
JobDetail job = newJob(TriggerEchoJob.class)
.withIdentity("TriggerEchoJob")
.build();
Date startTime = futureDate(5, IntervalUnit.SECOND);
Trigger trigger1 = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("Priority7 Trigger5SecondRepeat")
.startAt(startTime)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withRepeatCount(1).withIntervalInSeconds(5))
.withPriority(7)
.forJob(job)
.build();
Trigger trigger2 = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("Priority5 Trigger10SecondRepeat")
.startAt(startTime)
.withPriority(5)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withRepeatCount(1).withIntervalInSeconds(5))
.forJob(job)
.build();
Trigger trigger3 = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("Priority10 Trigger15SecondRepeat")
.startAt(startTime)
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withRepeatCount(1).withIntervalInSeconds(5))
.withPriority(10)
.forJob(job)
.build();
// Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger1);
sched.scheduleJob(trigger2);
sched.scheduleJob(trigger3);
sched.start();
log.info("------- Waiting 30 seconds... -------------");
try {
Thread.sleep(30L * 1000L);
// executing...
} catch (Exception e) {
}
sched.shutdown(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
PriorityExample example = new PriorityExample();
example.run();
}
}
(筆記內容大部分來源: https://www.cnblogs.com/daxin...
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