Linux Mint 19 下體驗Vagrant +VirtualBox

安裝教程

sudo dpkg -i vagrant_2.1.4_x86_64.deb

sudo dpkg -i virtualbox-5.2_5.2.18-124319_Ubuntu_bionic_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -f

導出 

[root@llhl011 ~]# vboxmanage list vms
"root_default_1535985176922_21541" {4600e20d-8909-460c-83b0-ce963bb12ed6}
[root@llhl011 ~]# vagrant package --base root_default_1535985176922_21541 --output ./xxx.box
==> root_default_1535985176922_21541: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> root_default_1535985176922_21541: Exporting VM...
==> root_default_1535985176922_21541: Compressing package to: /root/xxx.box

[root@llhl011 ~]# ll |grep xxx.box
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 156450218 Sep  3 23:46 xxx.box

導入

sky@x550vc:~/vagrant/xxx01$ vagrant box add xxx ./xxx.box
==> box: Box file was not detected as metadata. Adding it directly...
==> box: Adding box 'xxx' (v0) for provider:
    box: Unpacking necessary files from: file:///home/sky/vagrant/xxx01/xxx.box
==> box: Successfully added box 'xxx' (v0) for 'virtualbox'!

問題：

1.VirtualBox is complaining that the kernel module is not loaded

vagrant up



The provider 'virtualbox' that was requested to back the machine
'default' is reporting that it isn't usable on this system. The
reason is shown below:

VirtualBox is complaining that the kernel module is not loaded. Please
run `VBoxManage --version` or open the VirtualBox GUI to see the error
message which should contain instructions on how to fix this error.

kernel module未加載

sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup(網上較多出現的，應該是以前版本的)
或
sudo  /sbin/vboxconfig (版本vagrant2的)

[root@llhl011 vagrantTest]# sudo /sbin/vboxconfig
vboxdrv.sh: Stopping VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Starting VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Building VirtualBox kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    kernel-devel kernel-devel-4.15.0-34-693.17.1.el7.x86_64
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    kernel-devel kernel-devel-4.15.0-34-693.17.1.el7.x86_64

There were problems setting up VirtualBox.  To re-start the set-up process, run
  /sbin/vboxconfig
as root.

檢查linux mint 19 的版本是最新的，繞了兩天的彎，最後發現是gcc和g++版本過低了（另外得出一個結論 apt-get update 不會更新 gcc g++）,引發上面的緣由多是kernel module版本低或者gcc和g++版本低

2.查看CPU是否已經打開虛擬化

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep vmx ##(for Intel CPU)
or
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep svm ##（for AMD CPU）

3.日誌中提示gcc:error:unrecognized command line option ‘-fstack-protector-strong’

Building the main VirtualBox module.
Error building the module:
make V=1 CONFIG_MODULE_SIG= -C /lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/build SUBDIRS=/tmp/vbox.0 SRCROOT=/tmp/vbox.0 -j4 modules
make[1]: 警告: 子 make 中強制 -jN: 關閉 jobserver 模式。
Makefile:976: "Cannot use CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION=y, please install libelf-dev, libelf-devel or elfutils-libelf-devel"
mkdir -p /tmp/vbox.0/.tmp_versions ; rm -f /tmp/vbox.0/.tmp_versions/*
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=/tmp/vbox.0
  gcc -Wp,-MD,/tmp/vbox.0/linux/.SUPDrv-linux.o.d  -nostdinc -isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include  -I./arch/x86/include -I./arch/x86/include/generated  -I./include -I./arch/x86/include/uapi -I./arch/x86/include/generated/uapi -I./include/uapi -I./include/generated/uapi -include ./include/linux/kconfig.h -Iubuntu/include  -D__KERNEL__ -Wall -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -fshort-wchar -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -Wno-format-security -std=gnu89 -fno-PIE -mno-sse -mno-mmx -mno-sse2 -mno-3dnow -mno-avx -m64 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-loops=1 -mno-80387 -mno-fp-ret-in-387 -mpreferred-stack-boundary=3 -mtune=generic -mno-red-zone -mcmodel=kernel -funit-at-a-time -DCONFIG_X86_X32_ABI -DCONFIG_AS_CFI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SIGNAL_FRAME=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SECTIONS=1 -DCONFIG_AS_FXSAVEQ=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SSSE3=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CRC32=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX2=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX512=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA1_NI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA256_NI=1 -pipe -Wno-sign-compare -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern -mindirect-branch-register -DRETPOLINE -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -O2 -Wno-maybe-uninitialized --param=allow-store-data-races=0 -DCC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO -Wframe-larger-than=1024 -fstack-protector-strong -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -pg -include /tmp/vbox.0/include/VBox/SUPDrvMangling.h -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-pie -I/lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/build/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/ -I/tmp/vbox.0/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DRT_OS_LINUX -DIN_RING0 -DIN_RT_R0 -DIN_SUP_R0 -DVBOX -DRT_WITH_VBOX -DVBOX_WITH_HARDENING -DSUPDRV_WITH_RELEASE_LOGGER -Wno-declaration-after-statement -DCONFIG_VBOXDRV_AS_MISC -DRT_ARCH_AMD64 -DVBOX_WITH_64_BITS_GUESTS  -DMODULE  -DKBUILD_BASENAME='"SUPDrv_linux"'  -DKBUILD_MODNAME='"vboxdrv"' -c -o /tmp/vbox.0/linux/SUPDrv-linux.o /tmp/vbox.0/linux/SUPDrv-linux.c
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fstack-protector-strong’
scripts/Makefile.build:332: recipe for target '/tmp/vbox.0/linux/SUPDrv-linux.o' failed
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vbox.0/linux/SUPDrv-linux.o] Error 1
make[2]: *** 正在等待未完成的任務....
  gcc -Wp,-MD,/tmp/vbox.0/.SUPDrv.o.d  -nostdinc -isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include  -I./arch/x86/include -I./arch/x86/include/generated  -I./include -I./arch/x86/include/uapi -I./arch/x86/include/generated/uapi -I./include/uapi -I./include/generated/uapi -include ./include/linux/kconfig.h -Iubuntu/include  -D__KERNEL__ -Wall -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -fshort-wchar -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -Wno-format-security -std=gnu89 -fno-PIE -mno-sse -mno-mmx -mno-sse2 -mno-3dnow -mno-avx -m64 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-loops=1 -mno-80387 -mno-fp-ret-in-387 -mpreferred-stack-boundary=3 -mtune=generic -mno-red-zone -mcmodel=kernel -funit-at-a-time -DCONFIG_X86_X32_ABI -DCONFIG_AS_CFI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SIGNAL_FRAME=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SECTIONS=1 -DCONFIG_AS_FXSAVEQ=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SSSE3=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CRC32=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX2=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX512=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA1_NI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA256_NI=1 -pipe -Wno-sign-compare -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern -mindirect-branch-register -DRETPOLINE -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -O2 -Wno-maybe-uninitialized --param=allow-store-data-races=0 -DCC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO -Wframe-larger-than=1024 -fstack-protector-strong -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -pg -include /tmp/vbox.0/include/VBox/SUPDrvMangling.h -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-pie -I/lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/build/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/ -I/tmp/vbox.0/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DRT_OS_LINUX -DIN_RING0 -DIN_RT_R0 -DIN_SUP_R0 -DVBOX -DRT_WITH_VBOX -DVBOX_WITH_HARDENING -DSUPDRV_WITH_RELEASE_LOGGER -Wno-declaration-after-statement -DCONFIG_VBOXDRV_AS_MISC -DRT_ARCH_AMD64 -DVBOX_WITH_64_BITS_GUESTS  -DMODULE  -DKBUILD_BASENAME='"SUPDrv"'  -DKBUILD_MODNAME='"vboxdrv"' -c -o /tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrv.o /tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrv.c
  gcc -Wp,-MD,/tmp/vbox.0/.SUPDrvGip.o.d  -nostdinc -isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include  -I./arch/x86/include -I./arch/x86/include/generated  -I./include -I./arch/x86/include/uapi -I./arch/x86/include/generated/uapi -I./include/uapi -I./include/generated/uapi -include ./include/linux/kconfig.h -Iubuntu/include  -D__KERNEL__ -Wall -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -fshort-wchar -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -Wno-format-security -std=gnu89 -fno-PIE -mno-sse -mno-mmx -mno-sse2 -mno-3dnow -mno-avx -m64 -falign-jumps=1 -falign-loops=1 -mno-80387 -mno-fp-ret-in-387 -mpreferred-stack-boundary=3 -mtune=generic -mno-red-zone -mcmodel=kernel -funit-at-a-time -DCONFIG_X86_X32_ABI -DCONFIG_AS_CFI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SIGNAL_FRAME=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CFI_SECTIONS=1 -DCONFIG_AS_FXSAVEQ=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SSSE3=1 -DCONFIG_AS_CRC32=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX2=1 -DCONFIG_AS_AVX512=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA1_NI=1 -DCONFIG_AS_SHA256_NI=1 -pipe -Wno-sign-compare -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern -mindirect-branch-register -DRETPOLINE -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -O2 -Wno-maybe-uninitialized --param=allow-store-data-races=0 -DCC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO -Wframe-larger-than=1024 -fstack-protector-strong -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -pg -include /tmp/vbox.0/include/VBox/SUPDrvMangling.h -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-pie -I/lib/modules/4.15.0-34-generic/build/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/ -I/tmp/vbox.0/include -I/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DRT_OS_LINUX -DIN_RING0 -DIN_RT_R0 -DIN_SUP_R0 -DVBOX -DRT_WITH_VBOX -DVBOX_WITH_HARDENING -DSUPDRV_WITH_RELEASE_LOGGER -Wno-declaration-after-statement -DCONFIG_VBOXDRV_AS_MISC -DRT_ARCH_AMD64 -DVBOX_WITH_64_BITS_GUESTS  -DMODULE  -DKBUILD_BASENAME='"SUPDrvGip"'  -DKBUILD_MODNAME='"vboxdrv"' -c -o /tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrvGip.o /tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrvGip.c
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fstack-protector-strong’
scripts/Makefile.build:332: recipe for target '/tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrv.o' failed
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrv.o] Error 1
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fstack-protector-strong’
scripts/Makefile.build:332: recipe for target '/tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrvGip.o' failed
make[2]: *** [/tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrvGip.o] Error 1
Makefile:1552: recipe for target '_module_/tmp/vbox.0' failed
make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vbox.0] Error 2
/tmp/vbox.0/Makefile.include.footer:101: recipe for target 'vboxdrv' failed
make: *** [vboxdrv] Error 2

解決辦法：安裝高版本的gcc和g++,若是有多個版本的話，執行如下命令進行切換（適當修改命令）

1  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-7 100
2  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 50
3  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-7 100
4  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.7 50

再次執行 成功

sky@x550vc:~$ sudo  /sbin/vboxconfig
[sudo] sky 的密碼：
vboxdrv.sh: Stopping VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Starting VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Building VirtualBox kernel modules.

4."VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX)"

出現這個問題是由於，在Linux mint 19下 安裝一直出問題，懷疑版本的問題，因而在Win10下Vmware14安裝Centos7中測試，結果出現VERR_VMX_NO_VMX,打開就順利的進行vagrant體驗了

---

最後