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本實驗爲交換與路由的綜合實驗,完成本實驗,目的是爲了掌握子網的劃分、配置VLAN,以及在路由器上配置單臂路由來實現VLAN之間的路由;而且掌握在有子網的狀況下使用靜態路由協議實現子網的互通。網絡 |
所需實驗設備dom |
1)3臺路由器 2)2臺交換機 3)2根交叉線 4)2根直連線ide |
實驗描述spa |
1、劃分子網 在192.168.1.0/25網段上包含3個VLAN,其中,VLAN 2中包含50臺主機,VLAN 3和4中各包含25臺主機;請寫出子網劃分的方案; 2、配置VLAN與單臂路由 1)在交換機上配置靜態路由) 在路由器上配置單臂路由,實現交換機上各VLAN的互通; 3、配置RIP路由協議 在3臺路由器上配置RIP路由協議,實現兩臺交換機上鍊接的各網段的互通。 4.交換機的轉發原理 若是同在一個VLAN中的兩臺主機互相ping通後,是否還能不一樣vlan間ping通?爲何?調試 |
提交做業router |
1) 路由器與交換機的配置文件 2) 實驗報告blog |
子網劃分:圖片
由於2的2次方是4,因此192.168.1.0/25再借一位就能夠了。子網掩碼爲255.255.255.192ip
Vlan2網絡地址:192.168.1.0 可用IP:192.168.1.1—192.168.1.62 廣播地址:192.168.1.63 ci
Vlan三、vlan4網絡地址:192.168.1.64 可用IP:192.168.1.65—192.168.1.126 廣播地址:192.168.1.127
Vlan2網絡地址:192.168.1.128 可用IP:192.168.1.129—192.168.1.190 廣播地址:192.168.1.191
Vlan三、vlan4網絡地址:192.168.1.192 可用IP:192.168.1.193—192.168.1.254 廣播地址:192.168.1.255
靜態試驗一:
基本思路:
(一)對於路由器:
1:命名
2:設置端口IP和激活相應端口
3:配置單臂路由(對於R1和R3)
4:配置靜態路由
(二)對於交換機:
1:命名
2:添加vlan
3:將指定端口添加到指定vlan
4:將相應端口設置成trunk模式
(三)對於PC(這裏把router當作PC):
1:命名
2:設置IP
(四)查看命名:
查看基本配置:
show running-config
查看vlan信息:
show vlan-switchport
查看端口信息:
show interface 端口號
查看路由信息:
show ip route
--------------------------------------------------
配置文檔:
R1:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服務
hostname R1
interface f0/0
no shutdown
interface f1/0
ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0 //設置IP
no shutdown
interface f0/0.2 //設置子端口信息
encapsulation dot1q 2
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.192
exit
interface f0/0.3 //設置子端口信息
encapsulation dot1q 3
ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
exit
ip route 10.20.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.1.2 //設置靜態路由
ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.128 10.10.1.2 //設置靜態路由
end
write
------------------------------------------------------
R2:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服務
hostname R2
interface f0/0
ip address 10.10.1.2 255.255.255.0 //設置IP
no shutdown
interface f1/0
ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0 //設置IP
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128 10.10.1.1 //設置靜態路由
ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.128 10.20.1.2 //設置靜態路由
end
write
-----------------------------------------------------------
R3:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服務
hostname R3
interface f1/0
no shutdown
interface f0/0
ip address 10.20.1.2 255.255.255.0 //設置IP
no shutdown
interface f1/0.2 //設置子端口信息
encapsulation dot1q 2
ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.192
exit
interface f1/0.3 //設置子端口信息
encapsulation dot1q 3
ip address 192.168.1.193 255.255.255.192
exit
ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.1.1 //設置靜態路由
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128 10.20.1.1 //設置靜態路由
end
write
-------------------------------------------------------
sw1:
enable
config terminal
hostname sw1
exit
vlan database //添加vlan
vlan 2
vlan 3
exit
config terminal
interface f0/0
switchport mode trunk //將指定端口設置成trunk
interface f0/2
switchport access vlan 2 //將指定端口添加到指定vlan
interface f0/3
switchport access vlan 3 //將指定端口添加到指定vlan
end
write
---------------------------------------------------------------
sw2:
enable
config terminal
hostname sw2
exit
vlan database //添加vlan
vlan 2
vlan 3
exit
config terminal
interface f0/0
switchport mode trunk //將指定端口設置成trunk
interface f0/2
switchport access vlan 2 //將指定端口添加到指定vlan
interface f0/3
switchport access vlan 3 //將指定端口添加到指定vlan
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc1:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc1
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.192 //設置IP
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc2:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc2
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.68 255.255.255.192 //設置IP
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc3:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc3
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.168 255.255.255.192 //設置IP
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc4:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc4
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.200 255.255.255.192 //設置IP
no shutdown
end
write
調試圖片:
靜態路由實驗2:
基本思路:
(一)對於路由器:
1:命名
2:設置端口IP和激活相應端口
3:配置單臂路由(對於R1和R3)
4:配置靜態路由
(二)對於交換機:
1:命名
2:添加vlan
3:將指定端口添加到指定vlan
4:將相應端口設置成trunk模式
(三)對於PC(這裏把router當作PC):
1:命名
2:設置IP
(四)查看命名:
查看基本配置:
show running-config
查看vlan信息:
show vlan-switchport
查看端口信息:
show interface 端口號
查看路由信息:
show ip route
--------------------------------------------------
配置文檔:
R1:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup
hostname R1
interface f0/0
no shutdown
interface f1/0
ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface f0/0.2
encapsulation dot1q 2
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.192
exit
interface f0/0.3
encapsulation dot1q 3
ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
exit
ip route 10.20.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.1.2
ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.2
ip route 192.168.1.192 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.2
end
write
------------------------------------------------------
R2:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup
hostname R2
interface f0/0
ip address 10.10.1.2 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface f1/0
ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.1
ip route 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.1
ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.2
ip route 192.168.1.192 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.2
end
write
-----------------------------------------------------------
R3:
enable
config terminal
no ip domain-lookup
hostname R3
interface f1/0
no shutdown
interface f0/0
ip address 10.20.1.2 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface f1/0.2
encapsulation dot1q 2
ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.192
exit
interface f1/0.3
encapsulation dot1q 3
ip address 192.168.1.193 255.255.255.192
exit
ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.1.1
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.1
ip route 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.1
end
write
-------------------------------------------------------
sw1:
enable
config terminal
hostname sw1
exit
vlan database
vlan 2
vlan 3
exit
config terminal
interface f0/0
switchport mode trunk
interface f0/2
switchport access vlan 2
interface f0/3
switchport access vlan 3
end
write
---------------------------------------------------------------
sw2:
enable
config terminal
hostname sw2
exit
vlan database
vlan 2
vlan 3
exit
config terminal
interface f0/0
switchport mode trunk
interface f0/2
switchport access vlan 2
interface f0/3
switchport access vlan 3
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc1:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc1
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc2:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc2
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.68 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc3:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc3
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.168 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
end
write
------------------------------------------------------------
pc4:
enable
config terminal
no ip routing
hostname pc4
interface f0/0
ip address 192.168.1.200 255.255.255.192
no shutdown
end
write
調試圖片:
備註:對於上面兩種方式設置靜態路由,雖然都可以P通,可是發現一個問題就是第二種方法設置靜態路由時候比較麻煩點,並且考慮到vlan的問題…相對來講,第一種方式更加簡便,並且容易實現…..