實現Spring 4 MVC ContentNegotiatingViewResolver example
參考連接：
http://websystique.com/springmvc/spring-4-mvc-contentnegotiatingviewresolver-example/html
環境
- Spring 4.0.6.RELEASE
- jackson-databind 2.4.1.3
- jackson-annotations 2.4.1
- lowagie itext 2.1.7
- Apache POI 3.10-beta2
- Maven 3.3.9
- JDK 1.7
- Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers. Version: Neon Release (4.6.0)
- Apache Tomcat/8.0.36
1. 目錄結構圖
2. 更新pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cc</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</name>
<properties>
<springframework.version>4.0.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Needed for XML View (with JAXB2) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Needed for JSON View -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Needed for PDF View -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.lowagie</groupId>
<artifactId>itext</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Needed for XLS View -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.10-beta2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
<warName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</warName>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<finalName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</finalName>
</build>
</project>
有兩處與參考連接不同的地方java
<!--orig--> <!-- Needed for PDF View --> <dependency> <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId> <artifactId>itext</artifactId> <version>4.2.1</version> </dependency> <!--after--> <!-- Needed for PDF View --> <dependency> <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId> <artifactId>itext</artifactId> <version>2.1.7</version> </dependency>
<build> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <configuration> <warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory> <warName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</warName> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> <finalName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</finalName> </build>
增長maven-compiler-plugin，不然編譯報錯。web
3. 建立Spring Configuration Class
package com.cc.configuration;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller;
import org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManager;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ContentNegotiationConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;
import com.cc.model.Pizza;
import com.cc.viewresolver.ExcelViewResolver;
import com.cc.viewresolver.JsonViewResolver;
import com.cc.viewresolver.Jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver;
import com.cc.viewresolver.PdfViewResolver;
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.cc")
public class AppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
/*
* Configure ContentNegotiationManager
*/
@Override
public void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.ignoreAcceptHeader(true).defaultContentType(
MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
}
/*
* Configure ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver contentNegotiatingViewResolver(ContentNegotiationManager manager) {
ContentNegotiatingViewResolver resolver = new ContentNegotiatingViewResolver();
resolver.setContentNegotiationManager(manager);
// Define all possible view resolvers
List<ViewResolver> resolvers = new ArrayList<ViewResolver>();
resolvers.add(jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver());
resolvers.add(jsonViewResolver());
resolvers.add(jspViewResolver());
resolvers.add(pdfViewResolver());
resolvers.add(excelViewResolver());
resolver.setViewResolvers(resolvers);
return resolver;
}
/*
* Configure View resolver to provide XML output Uses JAXB2 marshaller to
* marshall/unmarshall POJO's (with JAXB annotations) to XML
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver() {
Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
marshaller.setClassesToBeBound(Pizza.class);
return new Jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver(marshaller);
}
/*
* Configure View resolver to provide JSON output using JACKSON library to
* convert object in JSON format.
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver jsonViewResolver() {
return new JsonViewResolver();
}
/*
* Configure View resolver to provide PDF output using lowagie pdf library to
* generate PDF output for an object content
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver pdfViewResolver() {
return new PdfViewResolver();
}
/*
* Configure View resolver to provide XLS output using Apache POI library to
* generate XLS output for an object content
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver excelViewResolver() {
return new ExcelViewResolver();
}
/*
* Configure View resolver to provide HTML output This is the default format
* in absence of any type suffix.
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver jspViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
}
Let’s discuss above class in details :spring
First step is to create the ContentNegotiationManager which is used to determine the requested media types of a request by delegating to a list of ContentNegotiationStrategy instances. By defaultPathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy is consulted (which uses the URL extension e.g. .xls, .pdf,.json..) , followed by ParameterContentNegotiationStrategy (which uses the request parameter ‘format=xls’ e.g.), followed by HeaderContentNegotiationStrategy (which uses HTTP Accept Headers).apache
In our example, we will be using the URL extension to help determine the media types. Also, we have set the default media type to TEXT_HTML in absence of file extension or when the filetype is unknown, that means JSP view resolver will be used when no [known] URL extension found.json
Below is the content of pizza.jsp used by default JSP view resolverapi
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Pizza JSP View</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>NAME</th>
<th>Flavor</th>
<th>Toppings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>${pizza.name}</td>
<td>${pizza.flavor}</td>
<td>
<c:forEach var="item" items="${pizza.toppings}">
<c:out value="${item}"/>
</c:forEach>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
4. 建立不一樣View Resolvers
XML View Resolver:tomcat
This view resolver relies on JAXB2 Marshalling/unmarshalling to produce XML output. The domain class needs to be annotated with JAXB2 annotations.mvc
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.springframework.oxm.Marshaller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.xml.MarshallingView;
public class Jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver implements ViewResolver {
private Marshaller marshaller;
public Jaxb2MarshallingXmlViewResolver(Marshaller marshaller) {
this.marshaller = marshaller;
}
@Override
public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
MarshallingView view = new MarshallingView();
view.setMarshaller(marshaller);
return view;
}
}
Below is the domain object (annotated with standard XML annotations) for our example:app
package com.cc.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@XmlRootElement(name = "pizza")
public class Pizza {
private String name;
private String flavor;
private List<String> toppings = new ArrayList<String>();
public Pizza(){
}
public Pizza(String name){
this.name = name;
this.flavor = "spicy";
this.toppings.add("Cheese");
this.toppings.add("bakon");
}
@XmlElement
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
@XmlElement
public void setFlavor(String flavor) {
this.flavor = flavor;
}
public String getFlavor() {
return flavor;
}
public List<String> getToppings() {
return toppings;
}
@XmlElement
public void setToppings(List<String> toppings) {
this.toppings = toppings;
}
}
JSON View Resolver:
This view resolver is using Spring MappingJackson2JsonView to get the view used to convert POJO to JSON.
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView;
public class JsonViewResolver implements ViewResolver{
@Override
public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
MappingJackson2JsonView view = new MappingJackson2JsonView();
view.setPrettyPrint(true);
return view;
}
}
PDF View Resolver:
This view resolver is using lowagie itext library to actually generate PDF output.Also note that actual view extends from Spring AbstractPdfView which itself internally uses lowagie itext library.
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractPdfView;
import com.lowagie.text.Document;
import com.lowagie.text.Element;
import com.lowagie.text.pdf.PdfPTable;
import com.lowagie.text.pdf.PdfWriter;
import com.cc.model.Pizza;
public class PdfView extends AbstractPdfView {
@Override
protected void buildPdfDocument(Map<String, Object> model,
Document document, PdfWriter writer, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
Pizza pizza = (Pizza) model.get("pizza");
PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(3);
table.getDefaultCell().setHorizontalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_CENTER);
table.getDefaultCell().setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_MIDDLE);
table.getDefaultCell().setBackgroundColor(Color.lightGray);
table.addCell("Name");
table.addCell("Flavor");
table.addCell("Toppings");
table.addCell(pizza.getName());
table.addCell(pizza.getFlavor());
StringBuffer toppings = new StringBuffer("");
for (String topping : pizza.getToppings()) {
toppings.append(topping);
toppings.append(" ");
}
table.addCell(toppings.toString());
document.add(table);
}
}
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
public class PdfViewResolver implements ViewResolver{
@Override
public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
PdfView view = new PdfView();
return view;
}
}
XLS View Resolver:
This view resolver is using Apache POI library to actually generate Microsoft XLS output.Also note that actual view extends from Spring AbstractExcelView which itself internally uses Apache POI library.
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView;
import com.cc.model.Pizza;
public class ExcelView extends AbstractExcelView {
@Override
protected void buildExcelDocument(Map<String, Object> model,
HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
Pizza pizza = (Pizza) model.get("pizza");
Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("sheet 1");
CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_40_PERCENT.index);
style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
Row row = null;
Cell cell = null;
int rowCount = 0;
int colCount = 0;
// Create header cells
row = sheet.createRow(rowCount++);
cell = row.createCell(colCount++);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
cell.setCellValue("Name");
cell = row.createCell(colCount++);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
cell.setCellValue("Flavor");
cell = row.createCell(colCount++);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
cell.setCellValue("Toppings");
// Create data cells
row = sheet.createRow(rowCount++);
colCount = 0;
row.createCell(colCount++).setCellValue(pizza.getName());
row.createCell(colCount++).setCellValue(pizza.getFlavor());
StringBuffer toppings = new StringBuffer("");
for (String topping : pizza.getToppings()) {
toppings.append(topping);
toppings.append(" ");
}
row.createCell(colCount++).setCellValue(toppings.toString());
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
sheet.autoSizeColumn(i, true);
}
}
package com.cc.viewresolver;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
public class ExcelViewResolver implements ViewResolver{
@Override
public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
ExcelView view = new ExcelView();
return view;
}
}
5. 建立Controller class
package com.cc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.cc.model.Pizza;
@Controller
public class AppController {
@RequestMapping(value="/pizzavalley/{pizzaName}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getPizza(@PathVariable String pizzaName, ModelMap model) {
Pizza pizza = new Pizza(pizzaName);
model.addAttribute("pizza", pizza);
return "pizza";
}
}
6. 建立Initalization Class
Add an initializer class implementing WebApplicationInitializer as shown below(which in this case acts as replacement of any spring configuration defined in web.xml). During Servlet 3.0 Container startup, this class will be loaded and instantiated and its onStartup method will be called by servlet containe
package com.cc.configuration;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
public class AppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {
public void onStartup(ServletContext container) throws ServletException {
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
ctx.register(AppConfig.class);
ctx.setServletContext(container);
ServletRegistration.Dynamic servlet = container.addServlet(
"dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx));
servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
servlet.addMapping("/");
}
}
7. Build and Deploy the application
Now build the war (via eclipse or maven [ mvn clean install]). Deploy the war to a Servlet 3.0 container. Since here i am using Tomcat, i will simply put this war file into tomcat webapps folder .
問題1：
Pom.xml須要進行調整，不然pdf view編譯不經過
<!-- Needed for PDF View --> <dependency> <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId> <artifactId>itext</artifactId> <version>4.2.1</version> </dependency>
修改成：
<!-- Needed for PDF View --> <dependency> <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId> <artifactId>itext</artifactId> <version>2.1.7</version> </dependency>
問題2，須要在pom.xml中增長maven-compiler-plugin，即
<build> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <configuration> <warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory> <warName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</warName> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> <finalName>Spring4MVCContentNegotiatingViewResolverExample</finalName> </build>
終於大功告成啦
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