asp.net core跨域訪問ajax的驗證訪問

時間 2021-01-10

標籤 html jquery ajax json c# 跨域 cookie app asp.net ide 欄目 ASP 简体版

原文原文鏈接

跨域須要服務端和客戶端都做處理。html

首先讓asp.net core跨域，在nuget中添加Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors的引用，而後在StartUp.cs中的ConfigureServices中添加以下代碼：jquery

    var urls = "http://localhost:5000/";
    services.AddCors(options =>
    options.AddPolicy("MyDomain",
builder => builder.WithOrigins(urls).AllowAnyMethod().AllowAnyHeader().AllowAnyOrigin().AllowCredentials()));

再在Configure中添加ajax

app.UseCors("AllowSameDomain");

再添加驗證，添加Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies引用
在Configure中添加

app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
{
    AuthenticationScheme = "validates",
    LoginPath = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.PathString("/login"),
    AccessDeniedPath = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.PathString("/Home/Error"),
    AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
    AutomaticChallenge = true,
    SlidingExpiration = true
});

在Controller中添加容許跨域特性，而後再添驗證特性json

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using System.Security.Claims;
 
namespace WebUI.Controllers
{
    [Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]
    [EnableCors("MyDomain")]
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 測試方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost("additem")]
        public IActionResult AddItem(Item item)
        {
            return new JsonResult(new { Result = 0, Message = "添加成功", Content = item.ToString(), UserName = User.Identity.Name }, new Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 登陸
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="username">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="password">密碼</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpPost("login")]
        public IActionResult Login(string username, string password)
        {
            if (username == "aaa" && password == "111")
            {
 
                var user = new { RoleType = 1, Name = "張三丰", ID = 1 };
                string roleId = user.RoleType.ToString();
                var roleName = "";
                switch (roleId)
                {
                    case "1":
                        roleName = "Admin";//管理員
                        break;
                }
                var id = user.ID.ToString();
                var claims = new Claim[] {
                      new Claim(ClaimTypes.UserData,roleId),
                      new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role,roleName),
                      new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,username)
                };
                HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("validates", new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, "Cookie")));
                HttpContext.User = new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims));
 
                return new JsonResult(new { Message = "登陸成功" }, new Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings());
 
            }
            else
            {
 
                return new JsonResult(new { Message = "用戶名或密碼錯誤" }, new Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings());
            }
        }
    }
}

在JQuery中，使用$.ajax登陸後，才能執行保存，不然沒有權限保存數據，重點時ajax請求時xhrFields: {withCredentials: true }這個屬性，能夠把登陸後的cookie在後面的操做中帶回服務端（關於原理很少說了）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title></title>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <script src="bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <input id="login" value="登陸" type="button" />
    <input id="sava" value="保存" type="button" />
    <span id="message"></span>
    <script>
        $("#login").click(function () {
            $.ajax({
                type: 'POST',
                url: "http://localhost:5000/login",
                data: { username: "aaa", password: "111" },
                dataType: "json",
                xhrFields: {
                    withCredentials: true
                },
                success: function (result) {
                    $("#message").html(result.Message);
                },
                error: function () {
                    $("#message").html("登陸失敗!");
                }
            });
        })
 
        $("#sava").click(function () {
            $.ajax({
                type: 'POST',
                url: "http://localhost:5000/additem",
                data: { ID: 112, Name: "李四", Birthday: "2017-01-23" },
                dataType: "json",
                //必須有這項的配置，否則cookie沒法發送至服務端
                xhrFields: {
                    withCredentials: true
                },
                success: function (result) {
                    $("#message").html(result.Message + result.Content + result.UserName);
                },
                error: function (xhr,status) {
                    $("#message").html(status);
                }
            });
        })
    </script>
</body>
</html>

來看一下測試結果：c#

當直接點保存時，系統會導航登陸跨域