<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>複製代碼
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-18 15:45 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig {
@Bean
public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpoint() {
return new ServerEndpointExporter();
}
}複製代碼
這個配置類很簡單,經過這個配置 spring boot 才能去掃描後面的關於 websocket 的註解html
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.ws;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WsServerEndpoint.java, v 0.1 2019-10-18 16:06 buhao
*/
@ServerEndpoint("/myWs")
@Component
public class WsServerEndpoint {
/**
* 鏈接成功
*
* @param session
*/
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session) {
System.out.println("鏈接成功");
}
/**
* 鏈接關閉
*
* @param session
*/
@OnClose
public void onClose(Session session) {
System.out.println("鏈接關閉");
}
/**
* 接收到消息
*
* @param text
*/
@OnMessage
public String onMsg(String text) throws IOException {
return "servet 發送:" + text;
}
}複製代碼
這裏有幾個註解須要注意一下,首先是他們的包都在 javax.websocket 下。並非 spring 提供的,而 jdk 自帶的,下面是他們的具體做用。前端
另一點就是服務端如何發送消息給客戶端,服務端發送消息必須經過上面說的 Session 類,一般是在@OnOpen 方法中,當鏈接成功後把 session 存入 Map 的 value,key 是與 session 對應的用戶標識,當要發送的時候經過 key 得到 session 再發送,這裏能夠經過 session.getBasicRemote().sendText() 來對客戶端發送消息。java
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>複製代碼
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config.WsSessionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyWSHandler.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 17:10 buhao
*/
@Component
public class HttpAuthHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {
/**
* socket 創建成功事件
*
* @param session
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
if (token != null) {
// 用戶鏈接成功,放入在線用戶緩存
WsSessionManager.add(token.toString(), session);
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("用戶登陸已經失效!");
}
}
/**
* 接收消息事件
*
* @param session
* @param message
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
// 得到客戶端傳來的消息
String payload = message.getPayload();
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
System.out.println("server 接收到 " + token + " 發送的 " + payload);
session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("server 發送給 " + token + " 消息 " + payload + " " + LocalDateTime.now().toString()));
}
/**
* socket 斷開鏈接時
*
* @param session
* @param status
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) throws Exception {
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
if (token != null) {
// 用戶退出,移除緩存
WsSessionManager.remove(token.toString());
}
}
}複製代碼
經過繼承 TextWebSocketHandler 類並覆蓋相應方法,能夠對 websocket 的事件進行處理,這裏能夠同原生註解的那幾個註解連起來看git
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WsSessionManager.java, v 0.1 2019-10-22 10:24 buhao
*/
@Slf4j
public class WsSessionManager {
/**
* 保存鏈接 session 的地方
*/
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocketSession> SESSION_POOL = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
/**
* 添加 session
*
* @param key
*/
public static void add(String key, WebSocketSession session) {
// 添加 session
SESSION_POOL.put(key, session);
}
/**
* 刪除 session,會返回刪除的 session
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public static WebSocketSession remove(String key) {
// 刪除 session
return SESSION_POOL.remove(key);
}
/**
* 刪除並同步關閉鏈接
*
* @param key
*/
public static void removeAndClose(String key) {
WebSocketSession session = remove(key);
if (session != null) {
try {
// 關閉鏈接
session.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// todo: 關閉出現異常處理
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 得到 session
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public static WebSocketSession get(String key) {
// 得到 session
return SESSION_POOL.get(key);
}
}複製代碼
這裏簡單經過 ConcurrentHashMap 來實現了一個 session 池,用來保存已經登陸的 web socket 的 session。前文提過,服務端發送消息給客戶端必需要經過這個 session。github
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.interceptor;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import cn.hutool.http.HttpUtil;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.HandshakeInterceptor;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyInterceptor.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 19:21 buhao
*/
@Component
public class MyInterceptor implements HandshakeInterceptor {
/**
* 握手前
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @param wsHandler
* @param attributes
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {
System.out.println("握手開始");
// 得到請求參數
HashMap<String, String> paramMap = HttpUtil.decodeParamMap(request.getURI().getQuery(), "utf-8");
String uid = paramMap.get("token");
if (StrUtil.isNotBlank(uid)) {
// 放入屬性域
attributes.put("token", uid);
System.out.println("用戶 token " + uid + " 握手成功!");
return true;
}
System.out.println("用戶登陸已失效");
return false;
}
/**
* 握手後
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @param wsHandler
* @param exception
*/
@Override
public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Exception exception) {
System.out.println("握手完成");
}
}複製代碼
經過實現 HandshakeInterceptor 接口來定義握手攔截器,注意這裏與上面 Handler 的事件是不一樣的,這裏是創建握手時的事件,分爲握手前與握手後,而 Handler 的事件是在握手成功後的基礎上創建 socket 的鏈接。因此在若是把認證放在這個步驟相對來講最節省服務器資源。它主要有兩個方法 beforeHandshake 與 afterHandshake ,顧名思義一個在握手前觸發,一個在握手後觸發。web
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler.HttpAuthHandler;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.interceptor.MyInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 15:43 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Autowired
private HttpAuthHandler httpAuthHandler;
@Autowired
private MyInterceptor myInterceptor;
@Override
public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry
.addHandler(httpAuthHandler, "myWS")
.addInterceptors(myInterceptor)
.setAllowedOrigins("*");
}
}複製代碼
經過實現 WebSocketConfigurer 類並覆蓋相應的方法進行 websocket 的配置。咱們主要覆蓋 registerWebSocketHandlers 這個方法。經過向 WebSocketHandlerRegistry 設置不一樣參數來進行配置。其中 addHandler 方法添加咱們上面的寫的 ws 的 handler 處理類,第二個參數是你暴露出的 ws 路徑。addInterceptors 添加咱們寫的握手過濾器。setAllowedOrigins("*") 這個是關閉跨域校驗,方便本地調試,線上推薦打開。redis
<dependency>
<groupId>org.t-io</groupId>
<artifactId>tio-websocket-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5.v20191010-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>複製代碼
tio:
websocket:
server:
port: 8989複製代碼
這裏只配置了 ws 的啓動端口,還有不少配置,能夠經過結尾給的連接去尋找spring
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.tio.core.ChannelContext;
import org.tio.http.common.HttpRequest;
import org.tio.http.common.HttpResponse;
import org.tio.websocket.common.WsRequest;
import org.tio.websocket.server.handler.IWsMsgHandler;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyHandler.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 14:39 buhao
*/
@Component
public class MyHandler implements IWsMsgHandler {
/**
* 握手
*
* @param httpRequest
* @param httpResponse
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public HttpResponse handshake(HttpRequest httpRequest, HttpResponse httpResponse, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
return httpResponse;
}
/**
* 握手成功
*
* @param httpRequest
* @param httpResponse
* @param channelContext
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void onAfterHandshaked(HttpRequest httpRequest, HttpResponse httpResponse, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("握手成功");
}
/**
* 接收二進制文件
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param bytes
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onBytes(WsRequest wsRequest, byte[] bytes, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
return null;
}
/**
* 斷開鏈接
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param bytes
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onClose(WsRequest wsRequest, byte[] bytes, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("關閉鏈接");
return null;
}
/**
* 接收消息
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param s
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onText(WsRequest wsRequest, String s, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("接收文本消息:" + s);
return "success";
}
}複製代碼
這個同上個例子中的 handler 很像,也是經過實現接口覆蓋方法來進行事件處理,實現的接口是IWsMsgHandler,它的方法功能以下segmentfault
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.tio.websocket.starter.EnableTioWebSocketServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTioWebSocketServer
public class StudyWebsocketExampleApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(StudyWebsocketExampleApplication.class, args);
}
}
複製代碼
這個類的名稱不重要,它實際上是你的 spring boot 啓動類,只要記得加上@EnableTioWebSocketServer註解就能夠了跨域
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>複製代碼
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 16:32 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
// 配置客戶端嘗試鏈接地址
registry.addEndpoint("/ws").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();
}
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
// 設置廣播節點
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic", "/user");
// 客戶端向服務端發送消息需有/app 前綴
registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
// 指定用戶發送(一對一)的前綴 /user/
registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/");
}
}複製代碼
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.controller;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.model.RequestMessage;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.model.ResponseMessage;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WSController.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 17:22 buhao
*/
@Controller
public class WSController {
@Autowired
private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate;
@MessageMapping("/hello")
@SendTo("/topic/hello")
public ResponseMessage hello(RequestMessage requestMessage) {
System.out.println("接收消息:" + requestMessage);
return new ResponseMessage("服務端接收到你發的:" + requestMessage);
}
@GetMapping("/sendMsgByUser")
public @ResponseBody
Object sendMsgByUser(String token, String msg) {
simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(token, "/msg", msg);
return "success";
}
@GetMapping("/sendMsgByAll")
public @ResponseBody
Object sendMsgByAll(String msg) {
simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend("/topic", msg);
return "success";
}
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test() {
return "test-stomp.html";
}
}複製代碼
上面反覆提到一個問題就是,服務端若是要主動發送消息給客戶端必定要用到 session。而你們都知道的是 session 這個東西是不跨 jvm 的。若是有多臺服務器,在 http 請求的狀況下,咱們能夠經過把 session 放入緩存中間件中來共享解決這個問題,經過 spring session 幾條配置就解決了。可是 web socket 不能夠。他的 session 是不能序列化的,固然這樣設計的目的不是爲了爲難你,而是出於對 http 與 web socket 請求的差別致使的。目前網上找到的最簡單方案就是經過 redis 訂閱廣播的形式,主要代碼跟第二種方式差很少,你要在本地放個 map 保存請求的 session。也就是說每臺服務器都會保存與他鏈接的 session 於本地。而後發消息的地方要修改,並非如今這樣直接發送,而經過 redis 的訂閱機制。服務器要發消息的時候,你經過 redis 廣播這條消息,全部訂閱的服務端都會收到這個消息,而後本地嘗試發送。最後確定只有有這個對應用戶 session 的那臺才能發送出去。
寫完服務端代碼後想調試,可是不會前端代碼怎麼辦,點這裏,這是一個在線的 websocket 客戶端,功能徹底夠咱們調試了。
這個沒找到在線版的,可是網上有不少 demo 能夠下載到本地進行調試,也能夠經過後文的鏈接找到。