Npoi導入導出Excel操做

    以前公司的一個物流商系統須要實現對訂單的批量導入和導出，翻閱了一些資料，最後考慮使用NPOI實現這個需求。

在winform上面實現excel操做:http://www.cnblogs.com/CallmeYhz/p/4920293.html,NPOI的主頁：http://npoi.codeplex.com/

簡介

NPOI 是 POI 項目的 .NET 版本。POI是一個開源的Java讀寫Excel、WORD等微軟OLE2組件文檔的項目, 使用 NPOI 你就能夠在沒有安裝 Office 或者相應環境的機器上對 WORD/EXCEL 文檔進行讀寫。NPOI是構建在POI 3.x版本之上的，它能夠在沒有安裝Office的狀況下對Word/Excel文檔進行讀寫操做。

使用NPOI的優點

一、您能夠徹底無償使用該框架

二、包含了大部分EXCEL的特性(單元格樣式、數據格式、公式等等)

三、專業的技術支持服務(24*7全天候) (非免費)

四、支持處理的文件格式包括 xls, xlsx, docx.

五、採用面向接口的設計架構( 能夠查看 NPOI.SS 的 命名空間)

六、同時支持文件的導入和導出

七、基於.net 2.0 也支持xlsx 和 docx格式(固然也支持.net 4.0)

八、來自全世界大量成功且真實的測試Cases

九、大量的實例代碼

十一、你不須要在服務器上安裝微軟的 Office，能夠避免版權問題。

十二、使用起來比 Office PIA的 API更加方便，更人性化。

1三、你不用去花大力氣維護 NPOI， NPOI Team會不斷更新、改善 NPOI，絕對省成本。

程序集構成

Assembly名稱	模塊/命名空間	說明
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.POIFS	OLE2/ActiveX文檔屬性讀寫庫
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.DDF	微軟Office Drawing讀寫庫
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.HPSF	OLE2/ActiveX文檔讀寫庫
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.HSSF	微軟Excel BIFF(Excel 97-2003, doc)格式讀寫庫
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.SS	Excel公用接口及Excel公式計算引擎
NPOI.DLL	NPOI.Util	基礎類庫，提供了不少實用功能，可用於其餘讀寫文件格式項目的開發
NPOI.OOXML.DLL	NPOI.XSSF	Excel 2007(xlsx)格式讀寫庫
NPOI.OOXML.DLL	NPOI.XWPF	Word 2007(docx)格式讀寫庫
NPOI.OpenXml4Net.DLL	NPOI.OpenXml4Net	OpenXml底層zip包讀寫庫
NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.DLL	NPOI.OpenXmlFormats	微軟Office OpenXml對象關係庫

 

類庫

    使用NuGet引入包，也能夠手動導入

再添加一個ExcelHelper操做類，網絡上不少，我優化了一些細節，而且自測沒問題，附上ExcelHelper操做類:

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel; 

namespace ExcelOperate
{
    public class ExcelHelper
    {
        /// <summary>      
        /// DataTable導出到Excel文件      
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>      
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>      
        /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param>   
        /// <param name="strSheetName">工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author>      
        public static void Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames)
        {
            if (strSheetName == "")
            {
                strSheetName = "Sheet";
            }
            using (MemoryStream ms = Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, oldColumnNames, newColumnNames))
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                {
                    byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
                    fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                    fs.Flush();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>      
        /// DataTable導出到Excel文件（無表頭）另外的是有表頭的
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>      
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>      
        /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param>   
        /// <param name="strSheetName">工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author>      
        public static void MyExport(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames)
        {
            if (strSheetName == "")
            {
                strSheetName = "Sheet";
            }
            MemoryStream getms = new MemoryStream();

            #region 爲getms賦值
            if (oldColumnNames.Length != newColumnNames.Length)
            {
                getms= new MemoryStream();
            }
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            //HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();// workbook.CreateSheet();   
            ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName);

            #region 右擊文件 屬性信息
            {
                DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
                dsi.Company = "http://....../";
                workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;

                SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
                if (HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"] != null)
                {
                    si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"].ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    if (HttpContext.Current.Session["username"] != null)
                    {
                        si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["username"].ToString();
                    }
                }                                       //填加xls文件做者信息      
                si.ApplicationName = "NPOI";            //填加xls文件建立程序信息      
                si.LastAuthor = "OA系統";           //填加xls文件最後保存者信息      
                si.Comments = "OA系統自動建立文件";      //填加xls文件做者信息      
                si.Title = strHeaderText;               //填加xls文件標題信息      
                si.Subject = strHeaderText;              //填加文件主題信息      
                si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;
                workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
            }
            #endregion

            ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
            dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");

            #region 取得列寬
            int[] arrColWidth = new int[oldColumnNames.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
            {
                arrColWidth[i] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(newColumnNames[i]).Length;
            }
            /* 
            foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) 
            { 
                arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; 
            } 
             * */

            for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < oldColumnNames.Length; j++)
                {
                    int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][oldColumnNames[j]].ToString()).Length;
                    if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                    {
                        arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                    }
                }
                /* 
                for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) 
                { 
                    int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; 
                    if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) 
                    { 
                        arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; 
                    } 
                } 
                 * */
            }
            #endregion
            int rowIndex = 0;

            foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
            {
                #region 新建表，填充表頭，填充列頭，樣式
                if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
                {
                    if (rowIndex != 0)
                    {
                        sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName + ((int)rowIndex / 65535).ToString());
                    }               


                    #region 列頭及樣式
                    {
                        //HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);   
                        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);

                        ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                        headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                        IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                        font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
                        font.Boldweight = 700;
                        headStyle.SetFont(font);

                        for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
                        {
                            headerRow.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(newColumnNames[i]);
                            headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headStyle;
                            //設置列寬   
                            sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, (arrColWidth[i] + 1) * 256);
                        }
                        /* 
                        foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) 
                        { 
                            headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); 
                            headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; 
 
                            //設置列寬    
                            sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); 
                        } 
                         * */
                    }
                    #endregion

                    rowIndex = 1;
                }
                #endregion


                #region 填充內容
                IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                //foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)   
                for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
                {
                    ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(i);

                    string drValue = row[oldColumnNames[i]].ToString();

                    switch (dtSource.Columns[oldColumnNames[i]].DataType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String"://字符串類型      
                            newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime"://日期類型      
                            DateTime dateV;
                            DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);

                            newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化顯示      
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean"://布爾型      
                            bool boolV = false;
                            bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16"://整型      
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            int intV = 0;
                            int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal"://浮點型      
                        case "System.Double":
                            double doubV = 0;
                            double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull"://空值處理      
                            newCell.SetCellValue("");
                            break;
                        default:
                            newCell.SetCellValue("");
                            break;
                    }

                }
                #endregion

                rowIndex++;
            }


            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                workbook.Write(ms);
                ms.Flush();
                ms.Position = 0;

                //sheet.Dispose();   
                sheet = null;
                workbook = null;
                //workbook.Dispose();//通常只用寫這一個就OK了，他會遍歷並釋放全部資源，但當前版本有問題因此只釋放sheet      
                getms= ms;
            }



            #endregion

            using (MemoryStream ms = getms)
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                {
                    byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
                    fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                    fs.Flush();
                }
            }
        }





        /// <summary>      
        /// DataTable導出到Excel的MemoryStream      
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>      
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>      
        /// <param name="strSheetName">工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author>      
        public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames)
        {
            if (oldColumnNames.Length != newColumnNames.Length)
            {
                return new MemoryStream();
            }
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            //HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();// workbook.CreateSheet();   
            ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName);

            #region 右擊文件 屬性信息
            {
                DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
                dsi.Company = "http://....../";
                workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;

                SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
                if (HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"] != null)
                {
                    si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"].ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    if (HttpContext.Current.Session["username"] != null)
                    {
                        si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["username"].ToString();
                    }
                }                                       //填加xls文件做者信息      
                si.ApplicationName = "NPOI";            //填加xls文件建立程序信息      
                si.LastAuthor = "OA系統";           //填加xls文件最後保存者信息      
                si.Comments = "OA系統自動建立文件";      //填加xls文件做者信息      
                si.Title = strHeaderText;               //填加xls文件標題信息      
                si.Subject = strHeaderText;              //填加文件主題信息      
                si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;
                workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
            }
            #endregion

            ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
            dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");

            #region 取得列寬
            int[] arrColWidth = new int[oldColumnNames.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
            {
                arrColWidth[i] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(newColumnNames[i]).Length;
            }
            /* 
            foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) 
            { 
                arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; 
            } 
             * */

            for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < oldColumnNames.Length; j++)
                {
                    int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][oldColumnNames[j]].ToString()).Length;
                    if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                    {
                        arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                    }
                }
                /* 
                for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) 
                { 
                    int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; 
                    if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) 
                    { 
                        arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; 
                    } 
                } 
                 * */
            }
            #endregion
            int rowIndex = 0;

            foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
            {
                #region 新建表，填充表頭，填充列頭，樣式
                if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
                {
                    if (rowIndex != 0)
                    {
                        sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName + ((int)rowIndex / 65535).ToString());
                    }

                    #region 表頭及樣式
                    {
                        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
                        headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
                        headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);

                        ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                        headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                        IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                        font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
                        font.Boldweight = 700;
                        headStyle.SetFont(font);

                        headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
                        //sheet.AddMergedRegion(new Region(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));   
                        sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
                    }
                    #endregion


                    #region 列頭及樣式
                    {
                        //HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);   
                        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);

                        ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                        headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                        IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                        font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
                        font.Boldweight = 700;
                        headStyle.SetFont(font);

                        for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
                        {
                            headerRow.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(newColumnNames[i]);
                            headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headStyle;
                            //設置列寬   
                            sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, (arrColWidth[i] + 1) * 256);
                        }
                        /* 
                        foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) 
                        { 
                            headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); 
                            headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; 
 
                            //設置列寬    
                            sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); 
                        } 
                         * */
                    }
                    #endregion

                    rowIndex = 2;
                }
                #endregion


                #region 填充內容
                IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                //foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)   
                for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++)
                {
                    ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(i);

                    string drValue = row[oldColumnNames[i]].ToString();

                    switch (dtSource.Columns[oldColumnNames[i]].DataType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String"://字符串類型      
                            newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime"://日期類型      
                            DateTime dateV;
                            DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);

                            newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化顯示      
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean"://布爾型      
                            bool boolV = false;
                            bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16"://整型      
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            int intV = 0;
                            int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal"://浮點型      
                        case "System.Double":
                            double doubV = 0;
                            double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull"://空值處理      
                            newCell.SetCellValue("");
                            break;
                        default:
                            newCell.SetCellValue("");
                            break;
                    }

                }
                #endregion

                rowIndex++;
            }


            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                workbook.Write(ms);
                ms.Flush();
                ms.Position = 0;

                //sheet.Dispose();   
                sheet = null;
                workbook = null;
                //workbook.Dispose();//通常只用寫這一個就OK了，他會遍歷並釋放全部資源，但當前版本有問題因此只釋放sheet      
                return ms;
            }
        }


        /// <summary>      
        /// WEB導出DataTable到Excel      
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>      
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>      
        /// <param name="strFileName">文件名</param>      
        /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author>      
        public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName)
        {
            ExportByWeb(dtSource, strHeaderText, strFileName, "sheet");
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// WEB導出DataTable到Excel   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>   
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>   
        /// <param name="strFileName">輸出文件名，包含擴展名</param>   
        /// <param name="oldColumnNames">要導出的DataTable列數組</param>   
        /// <param name="newColumnNames">導出後的對應列名</param>   
        public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames)
        {
            ExportByWeb(dtSource, strHeaderText, strFileName, "sheet", oldColumnNames, newColumnNames);
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// WEB導出DataTable到Excel   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>   
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">表頭文本</param>   
        /// <param name="strFileName">輸出文件名</param>   
        /// <param name="strSheetName">工做表名稱</param>   
        public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName)
        {
            HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;

            // 設置編碼和附件格式      
            curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
            curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            curContext.Response.Charset = "";
            curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition",
                "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8));

            //生成列   
            string columns = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                if (i > 0)
                {
                    columns += ",";
                }
                columns += dtSource.Columns[i].ColumnName;
            }

            curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, columns.Split(','), columns.Split(',')).GetBuffer());
            curContext.Response.End();

        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// 導出DataTable到Excel   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="dtSource">要導出的DataTable</param>   
        /// <param name="strHeaderText">標題文字</param>   
        /// <param name="strFileName">文件名，包含擴展名</param>   
        /// <param name="strSheetName">工做表名</param>   
        /// <param name="oldColumnNames">要導出的DataTable列數組</param>   
        /// <param name="newColumnNames">導出後的對應列名</param>   
        public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames)
        {
            HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;

            // 設置編碼和附件格式      
            curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
            curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            curContext.Response.Charset = "";
            curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition",
                "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8));

            curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, oldColumnNames, newColumnNames).GetBuffer());
            curContext.Response.End();
        }

        /// <summary>讀取excel      
        /// 默認第一行爲表頭，導入第一個工做表   
        /// </summary>      
        /// <param name="strFileName">excel文檔路徑</param>      
        /// <returns></returns>      
        public static DataTable Import(string strFileName)
        {
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();

            HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
            using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
            }
            ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0);
            System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();

            IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
            int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

            for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++)
            {
                ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j);
                dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());
            }

            for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
            {
                IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();

                for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
                {
                    if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                        dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
                }
                dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
            }
            return dt;
        }
        /// <summary>   
        /// 從Excel中獲取數據到DataTable   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="strFileName">Excel文件全路徑(服務器路徑)</param>   
        /// <param name="SheetName">要獲取數據的工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工做表標題行所在行號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <returns></returns>   
        public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(string strFileName, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex)
        {
            using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
                ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheet(SheetName);
                return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// 從Excel中獲取數據到DataTable   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="strFileName">Excel文件全路徑(服務器路徑)</param>   
        /// <param name="SheetIndex">要獲取數據的工做表序號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工做表標題行所在行號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <returns></returns>   
        public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(string strFileName, int SheetIndex, int HeaderRowIndex)
        {
            using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
                string SheetName = workbook.GetSheetName(SheetIndex);
                return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// 從Excel中獲取數據到DataTable   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="ExcelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>   
        /// <param name="SheetName">要獲取數據的工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工做表標題行所在行號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <returns></returns>   
        public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(Stream ExcelFileStream, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex)
        {
            IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileStream);
            ExcelFileStream.Close();
            return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex);
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// 從Excel中獲取數據到DataTable   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="ExcelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>   
        /// <param name="SheetIndex">要獲取數據的工做表序號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工做表標題行所在行號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <returns></returns>   
        public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(Stream ExcelFileStream, int SheetIndex, int HeaderRowIndex)
        {
            IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileStream);
            ExcelFileStream.Close();
            string SheetName = workbook.GetSheetName(SheetIndex);
            return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex);
        }

        /// <summary>   
        /// 從Excel中獲取數據到DataTable   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <param name="workbook">要處理的工做薄</param>   
        /// <param name="SheetName">要獲取數據的工做表名稱</param>   
        /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工做表標題行所在行號(從0開始)</param>   
        /// <returns></returns>   
        public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(IWorkbook workbook, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex)
        {
            ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheet(SheetName);
            DataTable table = new DataTable();
            try
            {
                IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(HeaderRowIndex);
                int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

                for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; i++)
                {
                    DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue);
                    table.Columns.Add(column);
                }

                int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;

                #region 循環各行各列,寫入數據到DataTable
                for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <=sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
                {
                    IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                    DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();
                    for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
                    {
                        ICell cell = row.GetCell(j);
                        if (cell == null)
                        {
                            dataRow[j] = null;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            //dataRow[j] = cell.ToString();   
                            switch (cell.CellType)
                            {
                                case CellType.Blank:
                                    dataRow[j] = null;
                                    break;
                                case CellType.Boolean:
                                    dataRow[j] = cell.BooleanCellValue;
                                    break;
                                case CellType.Numeric:
                                    dataRow[j] = cell.ToString();
                                    break;
                                case CellType.String:
                                    dataRow[j] = cell.StringCellValue;
                                    break;
                                case CellType.Error:
                                    dataRow[j] = cell.ErrorCellValue;
                                    break;
                                case CellType.Formula:
                                default:
                                    dataRow[j] = "=" + cell.CellFormula;
                                    break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
                    //dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();   
                }
                #endregion
            }
            catch (System.Exception ex)
            {
                table.Clear();
                table.Columns.Clear();
                table.Columns.Add("出錯了");
                DataRow dr = table.NewRow();
                dr[0] = ex.Message;
                table.Rows.Add(dr);
                return table;
            }
            finally
            {
                //sheet.Dispose();   
                workbook = null;
                sheet = null;
            }
            #region 清除最後的空行
            for (int i = table.Rows.Count - 1; i > 0; i--)
            {
                bool isnull = true;
                for (int j = 0; j < table.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (table.Rows[i][j] != null)
                    {
                        if (table.Rows[i][j].ToString() != "")
                        {
                            isnull = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (isnull)
                {
                    table.Rows[i].Delete();
                }
            }
            #endregion
            return table;
        }
    }  
}

View Code

UI的設計

    爲了讓本身印象深入，設計了一個前端頁面僅供參考

代碼以下：

<html>
<head>
    <title>
        ASP.MVC+Bootstrap+NPOI
    </title>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
    <link href="~/Content/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <script src="~/Scripts/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .container {
            padding: 20px 0;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>   
    <div class="container">
        <form class="form-horizontal" action="Upload" role="form" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <div class="form-group">
                <div class="col-md-3">
                    <label class="control-label" style="float:right">上傳文件</label>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-3">
                    <input id="fileUpload" name="fileUpload" type="file" style="display:none" />

                    <input id="fileText" type="text" class="form-control" disabled />
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-0">
                    <button type="button" class=" btn btn-primary" onclick="$('#fileUpload').click()">瀏覽</button>
                </div>
            </div>

            <script>
                $("#fileUpload").change(function () {
                    $("#fileText").val($(this).val());
                })
            </script>

            <div class="form-group">
                <div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">
                    <button type="submit" class=" btn btn-primary">導入</button>
                    <div class="btn-group">
                        <div class="btn-group">
                            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
                                導出模板
                            </button>
                            <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
                                <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=1">導出到.csv</a></li>
                                <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=2">導出到.xls</a></li>
                                <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=3">導出到.xlsx</a></li>
                            </ul>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

View Code

EXCEL導入

    導入支持.csv、.xls、.xlsx三種格式讀出數據到DataTable，接下來能夠進行一系列操做

        /// <summary>
        /// 說明：導入的方法
        /// 做者：CallmeYhz
        /// 時間：2015-11-26 14:23:15
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileUpload"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string Upload(HttpPostedFileBase fileUpload)
        {
            if (fileUpload == null)
            {
                return "文件爲空";
            }
            try
            {

                //將硬盤路徑轉化爲服務器路徑的文件流
                string fileName = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath("~/SaveFile"), Path.GetFileName(fileUpload.FileName));
                //NPOI獲得EXCEL的第一種方法              
                fileUpload.SaveAs(fileName);
                DataTable dtData = ExcelHelper.Import(fileName);
                //獲得EXCEL的第二種方法(第一個參數是文件流,第二個是excel標籤名,第三個是第幾行開始讀0算第一行)
                DataTable dtData2 = ExcelHelper.RenderDataTableFromExcel(fileName, "Sheet", 0);
                return "導入成功";
            }
            catch
            {
                return "導入失敗";
            }
        }

第一種方法是默認文件的第一行是列名，第二行是數據。第二種方法能夠指定標籤，行頭等參數。

導出Excel而且下載

    思路是用NPOI建立文件存放在服務器上而後返回URL開始下載，藉助一些方法能夠方便進行如下操做

利用反射得到實體的全部屬性（一個表的全部列）:

 /// <summary>
        /// 說明：得到一個對象的全部屬性
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string[] GetPropertyNameArray()
        {
            PropertyInfo[] props = null;
            try
            {
                Type type = typeof(Student);
                object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
                props = type.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);

                string[] array = props.Select(t => t.Name).ToArray();
                return array;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return null;
            }
            
        }

View Code

將List集合轉化成DataTable:

        /// <summary>
        /// 將泛類型集合List類轉換成DataTable
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="list">泛類型集合</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> entitys)
        {
            //檢查實體集合不能爲空
            if (entitys == null || entitys.Count < 1)
            {
                throw new Exception("需轉換的集合爲空");
            }
            //取出第一個實體的全部Propertie
            Type entityType = entitys[0].GetType();
            PropertyInfo[] entityProperties = entityType.GetProperties();

            //生成DataTable的structure
            //生產代碼中，應將生成的DataTable結構Cache起來，此處略
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            for (int i = 0; i < entityProperties.Length; i++)
            {
                //dt.Columns.Add(entityProperties[i].Name, entityProperties[i].PropertyType);
                dt.Columns.Add(entityProperties[i].Name);
            }
            //將全部entity添加到DataTable中
            foreach (object entity in entitys)
            {
                //檢查全部的的實體都爲同一類型
                if (entity.GetType() != entityType)
                {
                    throw new Exception("要轉換的集合元素類型不一致");
                }
                object[] entityValues = new object[entityProperties.Length];
                for (int i = 0; i < entityProperties.Length; i++)
                {
                    entityValues[i] = entityProperties[i].GetValue(entity, null);
                }
                dt.Rows.Add(entityValues);
            }
            return dt;
        }

View Code

導出：

        /// <summary>
        /// 得到導出的url並導出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ExportTypeIndex">導出EXCEL類型索引</param>
        /// <returns>URL提供用戶下載</returns>
        public FileResult GetExportExcelUrl(int ExportTypeIndex)
        {
            //構造導出的集合
            List<Student> StudentList = new List<Student>()
            {
                new Student()
                {
                  SnoID="1",
                  SAge=25,
                  SName="yhz",
                  SDateTime=DateTime.Now
                },
                  new Student()
                {
                  SnoID="2",
                  SAge=26,
                  SName="kq",
                  SDateTime=DateTime.Now
                }
            };

            string[] oldColumn = GetPropertyNameArray();
            string[] newColumn = new string[] { "學號", "姓名", "年齡", "如今時間" };

            //類型轉換（將List轉化爲DataTable）
            DataTable ExportDt = this.ListToDataTable<Student>(StudentList);
            //能夠考慮讀取配置文件
            string path = "/SaveFile/";
            string fileName = "";
            if(ExportTypeIndex==1)
            {
                 fileName = "導出CSV.csv";
            }
            else if (ExportTypeIndex == 2)
            {
                fileName = "導出XLS.xls";
            }
            else
            {
                fileName = "導出XLSX.xlsx";
            }
           
            string streamFileName = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath(path), Path.GetFileName(fileName));

            //調用改寫的NPOI方法
            ExcelHelper.MyExport(ExportDt, "你們好我是表頭",streamFileName, "1", oldColumn, newColumn);
            if (ExportTypeIndex == 1)
            {
                return File(path + fileName, "application/zip-x-compressed", "物流訂單模板導出.csv");
            }
            else if (ExportTypeIndex == 2)
            {
                return new FilePathResult(path + fileName, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
            }
            else
            {
                return new FilePathResult(path+fileName, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet ");
            }
        }

效果演示

 源代碼下載

http://files.cnblogs.com/files/CallmeYhz/MVCForNPOI.rar

 

簡單的導出EXCEL方法：

    public ActionResult Export()
        {
            string table = "<table border='1px solid black'><tr><td>編號</td><td>真實姓名</td><td>暱稱</td><td>電話</td><td>數量</td><td>參與時間</td><td>狀態</td><td>備註</td></tr>";
            table += "<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4<td>5</td><td>6</td><td>6</td><td>6</td></tr>";
            table += "</table>";
            string fileName = "用戶列表" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss") + ".xls"; 
            Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
            Response.ContentType = "application/excel";
            Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
            Response.Write(table);
            Response.End();
            return View();
        }