R數據可視化手冊學習——條形圖

 1. 繪製簡單條形圖

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook 
library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)

g <- ggplot(data = pg_mean, aes(x = group, y = weight)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill = "green", color = "black") # fill表示填充顏色，color表示邊線框顏色

g

 

2. 繪製簇狀條形圖

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook的cabbage_exp數據集
library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)


g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) +
  # width表示每一個條形的寬度(默認是0.9, 當爲0.9時,能夠省略width = 0.9), position表示組內條形的間距(position = position_dodge(0.9)能夠替換成position = "dodge")  
  #geom_bar(stat = "identity",width = 0.9, position = position_dodge(0.9)) 
  # 上面和下面等價
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge")

g

 

3. 條形圖填充顏色

# 使用ggplot2和gcookboo的數據集upc
library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)

upc <- subset(uspopchange, rank(Change) > 40)

# 使用scale_fill_manual()對顏色進行填充
g <- ggplot(data = upc, aes(x = Abb, y = Change, fill = Region)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("#5ED5D1", "#FF6E97"))

g

 

4. 修改座標名稱、標題、添加數據標籤

# 使用ggplot2和gcookbook的數據集cabbage
library(ggplot2); library(gcookbook)

# 添加標題、X軸、Y軸

# 方法1（經過ggtitle、xlab、ylab）
g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  ggtitle(label = "數據展現") +
  xlab(label = "日期, 品種") +
  ylab(label = "重量") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) # 標題居中

g

# =====================================

# 方法2（經過labs）
g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") + 
  labs(title = "數據展現", x = "日期, 品種", y = "重量") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) # 標題居中

g


# =====================================

# 添加數據標籤
g <- ggplot(data = cabbage_exp, aes(x = interaction(Date, Cultivar), y = Weight)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") + 
  labs(title = "數據展現", x = "日期, 品種", y = "重量") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) + # 標題居中
  geom_text(aes(label = Weight), vjust = 1.5) # 添加數據標籤，並設置位置

g