羅列一下cmake經常使用的命令。學習
CMake支持大寫、小寫、混合大小寫的命令。ui
1. 添加頭文件目錄INCLUDE_DIRECTORIESdebug
語法:server
include_directories([AFTER|BEFORE] [SYSTEM] dir1 [dir2 ...])md5
它至關於g++選項中的-I參數的做用,也至關於環境變量中增長路徑到CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH變量的做用。get
include_directories(../../../thirdparty/comm/include)cmd
2. 添加須要連接的庫文件目錄LINK_DIRECTORIESstring
語法:it
link_directories(directory1 directory2 ...)io
它至關於g++命令的-L選項的做用,也至關於環境變量中增長LD_LIBRARY_PATH的路徑的做用。
link_directories("/home/server/third/lib")
3. 查找庫所在目錄FIND_LIBRARY
語法:
Ashort-hand signature is:
find_library ( name1 [path1 path2 ...])
The general signature is:
find_library (
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...] [NAMES_PER_DIR]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH | ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH | NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
例子以下:
FIND_LIBRARY(RUNTIME_LIB rt /usr/lib /usr/local/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
cmake會在目錄中查找,若是全部目錄中都沒有,值RUNTIME_LIB就會被賦爲NO_DEFAULT_PATH
4. 添加須要連接的庫文件路徑LINK_LIBRARIES
語法:
link_libraries(library1 <debug | optimized> library2 ...)
# 直接是全路徑
link_libraries(「/home/server/third/lib/libcommon.a」)
# 下面的例子,只有庫名,cmake會自動去所包含的目錄搜索
link_libraries(iconv)
# 傳入變量
link_libraries(${RUNTIME_LIB})
# 也能夠連接多個
link_libraries("/opt/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/glnxa64/libeng.so" "/opt/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/glnxa64/libmx.so")
能夠連接一個,也能夠多個,中間使用空格分隔.
5. 設置要連接的庫文件的名稱TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES
語法:
target_link_libraries( [item1 [item2 [...]]] [[debug|optimized|general] ] ...)
# 如下寫法均可以:
target_link_libraries(myProject comm) # 鏈接libhello.so庫,默認優先連接動態庫
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.a) # 顯示指定連接靜態庫
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.so) # 顯示指定連接動態庫
# 再如:
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.so) #這些庫名寫法均可以。
target_link_libraries(myProject comm)
target_link_libraries(myProject -lcomm)
6. 爲工程生成目標文件
語法:
add_executable( [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 [source2 ...])
簡單的例子以下:
add_executable(demo
main.cpp)
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6. 最後貼一個完整的例子
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION2.6)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(../../thirdparty/comm)
FIND_LIBRARY(COMM_LIB comm ../../thirdparty/comm/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
FIND_LIBRARY(RUNTIME_LIB rt /usr/lib /usr/local/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
link_libraries(${COMM_LIB} ${RUNTIME_LIB})
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-O3 -g -W -Wall
-Wunused-variable -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function-Wunused
-Wno-deprecated -Woverloaded-virtual -Wwrite-strings
-D__WUR= -D_REENTRANT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64-DTIXML_USE_STL
)
add_library(lib_demo
cmd.cpp global.cpp md5.cpp)
link_libraries(lib_demo)
add_executable(demo
main.cpp)
# link library in static mode
target_link_libraries(demo libuuid.a)
另外,使用cmake生成makefile以後,make edit_cache能夠編輯編譯選項。