從零開始手寫 mybatis(四)- mybatis 事務管理機制詳解

前景回顧

第一節 從零開始手寫 mybatis(一)MVP 版本 中咱們實現了一個最基本的能夠運行的 mybatis。java

第二節 從零開始手寫 mybatis(二)mybatis interceptor 插件機制詳解git

第三節 從零開始手寫 mybatis(三)jdbc pool 從零實現數據庫鏈接池github

本節咱們一塊兒來學習一下 mybatis 中的事務管理。spring

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mybatis 中的事務管理

mybatis 事務有兩種使用方式:sql

  1. 使用JDBC的事務管理機制:即便用 java.Sql.Connection對象完成對事務的提交,回滾和關閉操做。
  2. 使用MANAGED的事務管理機制:mybatis自己不會去實現事務管理的相關操做,而是交個外部容器來管理事務。當與spring整合使用後,通常使用spring來管理事務。

事務工廠 TransactionFactory

接口定義

這個是對事務的一個工廠,接口以下:數據庫

public interface TransactionFactory {

  /**
   * Sets transaction factory custom properties.
   * @param props
   */
  void setProperties(Properties props);

  /**
   * Creates a {@link Transaction} out of an existing connection.
   * @param conn Existing database connection
   * @return Transaction
   * @since 3.1.0
   */
  Transaction newTransaction(Connection conn);
  
  /**
   * Creates a {@link Transaction} out of a datasource.
   * @param dataSource DataSource to take the connection from
   * @param level Desired isolation level
   * @param autoCommit Desired autocommit
   * @return Transaction
   * @since 3.1.0
   */
  Transaction newTransaction(DataSource dataSource, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit);

}

主要就是如何根據一個 DataSource 建立一個 Transaction。mybatis

實際上總體感受意義不大。框架

最核心的仍是要看一下 Transaction 的實現。ide

Transaction 接口

public interface Transaction {

  /**
   * Retrieve inner database connection
   * @return DataBase connection
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  Connection getConnection() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Commit inner database connection.
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  void commit() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Rollback inner database connection.
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  void rollback() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Close inner database connection.
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  void close() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Get transaction timeout if set
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  Integer getTimeout() throws SQLException;
  
}

這裏最核心的實際上只有 commit() 和 rollback(),其餘的都是能夠忽略的。學習

針對 getTimeout() 咱們就能夠爲 mybatis 提供一個操做的超時機制。

JdbcTransaction 實現

基於 jdbc 機制的一些處理。

public class JdbcTransaction implements Transaction {

  private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(JdbcTransaction.class);

  protected Connection connection;
  protected DataSource dataSource;
  protected TransactionIsolationLevel level;
  protected boolean autoCommmit;

  public JdbcTransaction(DataSource ds, TransactionIsolationLevel desiredLevel, boolean desiredAutoCommit) {
    dataSource = ds;
    level = desiredLevel;
    autoCommmit = desiredAutoCommit;
  }

  public JdbcTransaction(Connection connection) {
    this.connection = connection;
  }

  @Override
  public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
    if (connection == null) {
      openConnection();
    }
    return connection;
  }

  @Override
  public void commit() throws SQLException {
    if (connection != null && !connection.getAutoCommit()) {
      if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug("Committing JDBC Connection [" + connection + "]");
      }
      connection.commit();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void rollback() throws SQLException {
    if (connection != null && !connection.getAutoCommit()) {
      if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug("Rolling back JDBC Connection [" + connection + "]");
      }
      connection.rollback();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void close() throws SQLException {
    if (connection != null) {
      resetAutoCommit();
      if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug("Closing JDBC Connection [" + connection + "]");
      }
      connection.close();
    }
  }

  protected void setDesiredAutoCommit(boolean desiredAutoCommit) {
    try {
      if (connection.getAutoCommit() != desiredAutoCommit) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
          log.debug("Setting autocommit to " + desiredAutoCommit + " on JDBC Connection [" + connection + "]");
        }
        connection.setAutoCommit(desiredAutoCommit);
      }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
      // Only a very poorly implemented driver would fail here,
      // and there's not much we can do about that.
      throw new TransactionException("Error configuring AutoCommit.  "
          + "Your driver may not support getAutoCommit() or setAutoCommit(). "
          + "Requested setting: " + desiredAutoCommit + ".  Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }

  protected void resetAutoCommit() {
    try {
      if (!connection.getAutoCommit()) {
        // MyBatis does not call commit/rollback on a connection if just selects were performed.
        // Some databases start transactions with select statements
        // and they mandate a commit/rollback before closing the connection.
        // A workaround is setting the autocommit to true before closing the connection.
        // Sybase throws an exception here.
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
          log.debug("Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [" + connection + "]");
        }
        connection.setAutoCommit(true);
      }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
      if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug("Error resetting autocommit to true "
          + "before closing the connection.  Cause: " + e);
      }
    }
  }

  protected void openConnection() throws SQLException {
    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
      log.debug("Opening JDBC Connection");
    }
    connection = dataSource.getConnection();
    if (level != null) {
      connection.setTransactionIsolation(level.getLevel());
    }
    setDesiredAutoCommit(autoCommmit);
  }

  @Override
  public Integer getTimeout() throws SQLException {
    return null;
  }
  
}

這裏總體的實現實際上很是簡單,就是主動設置了一下自動提交的屬性。

ManagedDataSource

這個是另外一個實現,實際上更加簡單。

commit() 和 rollback() 實現都是空的。

public class ManagedTransaction implements Transaction {

  private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ManagedTransaction.class);

  private DataSource dataSource;
  private TransactionIsolationLevel level;
  private Connection connection;
  private boolean closeConnection;

  public ManagedTransaction(Connection connection, boolean closeConnection) {
    this.connection = connection;
    this.closeConnection = closeConnection;
  }

  public ManagedTransaction(DataSource ds, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean closeConnection) {
    this.dataSource = ds;
    this.level = level;
    this.closeConnection = closeConnection;
  }

  @Override
  public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
    if (this.connection == null) {
      openConnection();
    }
    return this.connection;
  }

  @Override
  public void commit() throws SQLException {
    // Does nothing
  }

  @Override
  public void rollback() throws SQLException {
    // Does nothing
  }

  @Override
  public void close() throws SQLException {
    if (this.closeConnection && this.connection != null) {
      if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
        log.debug("Closing JDBC Connection [" + this.connection + "]");
      }
      this.connection.close();
    }
  }

  protected void openConnection() throws SQLException {
    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
      log.debug("Opening JDBC Connection");
    }
    this.connection = this.dataSource.getConnection();
    if (this.level != null) {
      this.connection.setTransactionIsolation(this.level.getLevel());
    }
  }

  @Override
  public Integer getTimeout() throws SQLException {
    return null;
  }

}

做用

ManagedTransaction對事務的commit和rollback交給了容器去管理,本身自己並無作任何處理。

mybatis 的使用方式

若是Mybatis是單獨運行的,沒有其餘框架管理,此時mybatis內部會對下段代碼實現。

con.setAutoCommit(false);
//此處命令通知數據庫,今後刻開始從當前Connection通道推送而來的
//SQL語句屬於同一個業務中這些SQL語句在數據庫中應該保存到同一個
//Transaction中.這個Transaction的行爲(commit,rollback)由當前Connection管理.
try{
    //推送sql語句命令……..;
    con.commit();//通知Transaction提交.
}catch(SQLException ex){
    con.rollback();//通知Transaction回滾.
}

總體來講這種寫法比較原始,咱們能夠將原本交給 connection 處理的事務,統一調整爲使用事務管理器處理。

spring 整合

固然針對 mybatis,大部分都是單個語句的執行。

用於使用 connection 時,實際上獲得的是 mybatis 事務管理器封裝以後的 connection。

實際上 spring 的整合,可能適用性更強一些。

我的實現

看完了 mybatis 的實現原理以後,咱們的實現就變得很是簡單。

咱們能夠簡化上面的一些實現,保留核心的部分便可。

接口定義

咱們只保留核心的 3 個接口。

/**
 * 事務管理
 */
public interface Transaction {

    /**
     * Retrieve inner database connection
     * @return DataBase connection
     */
    Connection getConnection();

    /**
     * Commit inner database connection.
     */
    void commit();

    /**
     * Rollback inner database connection.
     */
    void rollback();

}

ManageTransaction

這個實現,咱們的 commit 和 rollback 什麼都不作。

/**
 * 事務管理
 *
 * @since 0.0.18
 */
public class ManageTransaction implements Transaction {

    /**
     * 數據信息
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private final DataSource dataSource;

    /**
     * 隔離級別
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private final TransactionIsolationLevel isolationLevel;

    /**
     * 鏈接信息
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private Connection connection;

    public ManageTransaction(DataSource dataSource, TransactionIsolationLevel isolationLevel) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        this.isolationLevel = isolationLevel;
    }

    public ManageTransaction(DataSource dataSource) {
        this(dataSource, TransactionIsolationLevel.READ_COMMITTED);
    }

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection() {
        try {
            if(this.connection == null) {
                Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
                connection.setTransactionIsolation(isolationLevel.getLevel());
                this.connection = connection;
            }

            return connection;
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throw new MybatisException(throwables);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void commit() {
        //nothing
    }

    @Override
    public void rollback() {
        //nothing
    }

}

JdbcTransaction.java

這裏和上面的相比較,多出了 commit 和 rollback 的邏輯處理。

package com.github.houbb.mybatis.transaction.impl;

import com.github.houbb.mybatis.constant.enums.TransactionIsolationLevel;
import com.github.houbb.mybatis.exception.MybatisException;
import com.github.houbb.mybatis.transaction.Transaction;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 事務管理
 *
 * @since 0.0.18
 */
public class JdbcTransaction implements Transaction {

    /**
     * 數據信息
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private final DataSource dataSource;

    /**
     * 隔離級別
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private final TransactionIsolationLevel isolationLevel;

    /**
     * 自動提交
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private final boolean autoCommit;

    /**
     * 鏈接信息
     * @since 0.0.18
     */
    private Connection connection;

    public JdbcTransaction(DataSource dataSource, TransactionIsolationLevel isolationLevel, boolean autoCommit) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        this.isolationLevel = isolationLevel;
        this.autoCommit = autoCommit;
    }

    public JdbcTransaction(DataSource dataSource) {
        this(dataSource, TransactionIsolationLevel.READ_COMMITTED, true);
    }

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection(){
        try {
            if(this.connection == null) {
                Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
                connection.setTransactionIsolation(isolationLevel.getLevel());
                connection.setAutoCommit(autoCommit);
                this.connection = connection;
            }

            return connection;
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throw new MybatisException(throwables);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void commit() {
        try {
            //非自動提交,才執行 commit 操做
            if(connection != null && !this.autoCommit) {
                connection.commit();
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throw new MybatisException(throwables);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void rollback() {
        try {
            //非自動提交,才執行 commit 操做
            if(connection != null && !this.autoCommit) {
                connection.rollback();
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throw new MybatisException(throwables);
        }
    }

}

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