grub2配置
環境：ubuntu14.04python
默認配置文件路徑/etc/default/grublinux
例子：ios
GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #默認啓動那一個 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=15 #選擇菜單是否隱藏，註釋掉就直接顯示了 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
更新grup調用ubuntu
ubuntu@ubuntu-Lenovo-Product:~$ sudo update-grub Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-031600-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-031600-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-43-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-43-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-41-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-41-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-24-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin done
而後如上所示update-grup會在系統裏找編譯好的內核，試過放在根目錄/也能找到。ide
update-grup找完內核後，開始更新文件/boot/grub/grub.cfgui
這個文件裏有開機啓動菜單入口信息，以下：spa
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-031600-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-031600-generic
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.16.0-031600-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.16.0-031600-generic-advanced-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.16.0-031600-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-031600-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-031600-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.16.0-031600-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.16.0-031600-generic-recovery-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.16.0-031600-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-031600-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-031600-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-43-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-43-generic-advanced-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-43-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-43-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-43-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-43-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-43-generic-recovery-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-43-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-43-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-43-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-41-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-41-generic-advanced-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-41-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-41-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-41-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-41-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-41-generic-recovery-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-41-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-41-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-41-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-24-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-24-generic-advanced-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-24-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-24-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-24-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-24-generic-recovery-e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-24-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic root=UUID=e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-24-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+)' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
knetbsd /boot/memtest86+.elf
}
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root e96bea5c-cd18-4b7d-b4a6-1f7ad59b6668
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
能夠看到地一個menuentry有submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu'，submenu裏邊嵌套menuentry（結構同樣）code
以前提到的配置文件/etc/default/grub的DEFAULT_ENTRY指的是第一層的menuentry而不是submenu的。在上面的例子若是DEFAULT_ENTRY=1就表示默認啓動menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+)。orm
在submenu裏看到有不少不一樣內核，update-grub會選能檢測到的版本最新的內核做爲默認啓動項目，若是要換內核啓動能夠：ci
開機時手工選擇submenu的啓動項。
讓update-grub選擇爲默認內核，能夠把不用的高版本內核備份起來（update-grub搜索的時候就找不到該內核），或者可能有命令選擇內核（暫時沒找到）。
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相關文章
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- 2. Grub2配置詳解(轉)
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