python模塊學習 logging

1.簡單的將日誌打印到屏幕python

import logging

logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')
 
 
 
屏幕上打印:
WARNING:root:This is warning message

默認狀況下,logging將日誌打印到屏幕,日誌級別爲WARNING;
日誌級別大小關係爲:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,固然也能夠本身定義日誌級別。安全

2.經過logging.basicConfig函數對日誌的輸出格式及方式作相關配置服務器

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')
    
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')
 
 
 
./myapp.log文件中內容爲:
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

logging.basicConfig函數各參數:
filename: 指定日誌文件名
filemode: 和file函數意義相同,指定日誌文件的打開模式,'w'或'a'
format: 指定輸出的格式和內容,format能夠輸出不少有用信息,如上例所示:
%(levelno)s: 打印日誌級別的數值
%(levelname)s: 打印日誌級別名稱
%(pathname)s: 打印當前執行程序的路徑,其實就是sys.argv[0]
%(filename)s: 打印當前執行程序名
%(funcName)s: 打印日誌的當前函數
%(lineno)d: 打印日誌的當前行號
%(asctime)s: 打印日誌的時間
%(thread)d: 打印線程ID
%(threadName)s: 打印線程名稱
%(process)d: 打印進程ID
%(message)s: 打印日誌信息
datefmt: 指定時間格式,同time.strftime()
level: 設置日誌級別,默認爲logging.WARNING
stream: 指定將日誌的輸出流,能夠指定輸出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默認輸出到sys.stderr,當stream和filename同時指定時,stream被忽略app

3.將日誌同時輸出到文件和屏幕socket

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')

#################################################################################################
#定義一個StreamHandler,將INFO級別或更高的日誌信息打印到標準錯誤,並將其添加到當前的日誌處理對象#
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)
#################################################################################################

logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')
 
 
 
屏幕上打印:
root        : INFO     This is info message
root        : WARNING  This is warning message
 
./myapp.log文件中內容爲:
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

4.logging之日誌回滾函數

import logging
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler

#################################################################################################
#定義一個RotatingFileHandler,最多備份5個日誌文件,每一個日誌文件最大10M
Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)
Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)
################################################################################################

從上例和本例能夠看出,logging有一個日誌處理的主對象,其它處理方式都是經過addHandler添加進去的。
logging的幾種handle方式以下:spa

logging.StreamHandler: 日誌輸出到流,能夠是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件 logging.FileHandler: 日誌輸出到文件.net

日誌回滾方式,實際使用時用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler線程

logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 遠程輸出日誌到TCP/IP sockets debug

logging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 遠程輸出日誌到UDP sockets

logging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 遠程輸出日誌到郵件地址

logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日誌輸出到syslog

logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 遠程輸出日誌到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日誌

logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日誌輸出到內存中的制定buffer

logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 經過"GET"或"POST"遠程輸出到HTTP服務器

 

因爲StreamHandler和FileHandler是經常使用的日誌處理方式,因此直接包含在logging模塊中,而其餘方式則包含在logging.handlers模塊中,
上述其它處理方式的使用請參見python2.5手冊!

5.經過logging.config模塊配置日誌

#logger.conf

 
###############################################
 
[loggers]
keys=root,example01,example02
 
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hand01,hand02
 
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=example01
propagate=0
 
[logger_example02]
handlers=hand01,hand03
qualname=example02
propagate=0
 
###############################################
 
[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
 
[handler_hand01]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
 
[handler_hand02]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=form01
args=('myapp.log', 'a')
 
[handler_hand03]
class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
 
###############################################
 
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
 
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
 
[formatter_form02]
format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
datefmt=
import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example01")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')
import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example02")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')

6.logging是線程安全的

from:http://blog.csdn.net/yatere/article/details/6655445

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