XMPP是基於XML的即時通信協議。對即時通信場景進行了高度抽象,好比用訂閱對方的上下線狀態表示好友。提供了文本通信、用戶上下線通知、聯繫人管理、羣組聊天等功能,還能夠安裝插件或自行拓展。java
服務端通常用OpenFire。git
以macOS爲例,官網直接下載安裝包,安裝完成後,在系統菜單中打開OpenFire控制檯,進入OpenFire的Web後臺,走完配置嚮導。數據庫能夠用OpenFire自帶的嵌入式數據庫,也能夠配置爲MySQL。若是是局域網測試的話,主機名最好設置成內網IP。最後一步須要設置管理員密碼,管理員的帳號是admin。配置完成後,能夠登陸OpenFire的管理後臺。github
OpenFire服務器默認開放用戶註冊、開放建羣,因此能夠無論OpenFire後臺,直接拿來使用。數據庫
大多XMPP客戶端不提供用戶註冊功能,因此最好在OpenFire後臺直接添加用戶。試了多個客戶端,只有Psi能夠成功註冊用戶,並且登陸以後找不到退出的地方,也找不到建立用戶的地方。安全
XMPP的圖形客戶端特別多,可是一個比一個難用。在macOS上勉強可使用的主要有Spark、Adium和Thunderbird。Spark是OpenFire官方提供的客戶端,在使用時要注意禁用安全選項,若是主機不受信任的話。服務器
命令行下的客戶端,可使用Profanitytcp
登陸XMPP帳戶,須要服務器、用戶名、密碼三個字段。若是客戶端沒有提供單獨的服務器輸入框的話,用戶名改用用戶名@服務器
測試
Profanity不提供用戶註冊功能,須要先在後臺添加用戶,或者用其餘客戶端註冊。ui
/connect 用戶名@服務器 tls disable
/disconnect
/msg 用戶名@服務器/用戶暱稱 文本
Alt/Option+數字
Alt+1是系統窗口,其餘是聊天窗口/roster add 用戶名@服務器
/sub request 用戶名@服務器
/sub allow 用戶名@服務器
/join 房間名@服務器
/away
=離開 /online
=在線 /dnd
=忙碌 .../quit
Smack是OpenFire提供的支持XMPP協議的Java接口.net
package bj; import io.vavr.control.Try; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.jivesoftware.smack.AbstractXMPPConnection; import org.jivesoftware.smack.ConnectionConfiguration; import org.jivesoftware.smack.SmackException; import org.jivesoftware.smack.XMPPException; import org.jivesoftware.smack.chat2.ChatManager; import org.jivesoftware.smack.packet.Message; import org.jivesoftware.smack.roster.Roster; import org.jivesoftware.smack.roster.RosterEntry; import org.jivesoftware.smack.tcp.XMPPTCPConnection; import org.jivesoftware.smack.tcp.XMPPTCPConnectionConfiguration; import org.junit.Test; import org.jxmpp.jid.impl.JidCreate; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.util.Set; /** * Created by BaiJiFeiLong@gmail.com at 2018/11/22 下午4:33 */ @Slf4j public class BazTest { @Test public void testAlpha() throws IOException, InterruptedException, XMPPException, SmackException { // 建立鏈接,並鏈接到服務器 AbstractXMPPConnection connection = new XMPPTCPConnection(XMPPTCPConnectionConfiguration.builder() .setUsernameAndPassword("gamma", "gamma") .setXmppDomain("172.16.5.254") .setHostAddress(InetAddress.getByName("172.16.5.254")) // 服務器地址直接用IP的話,不能用setHost() .setSecurityMode(ConnectionConfiguration.SecurityMode.disabled) // 禁用安全模式,若是服務器不受信任 .build()).connect(); connection.login(); // 監聽XMPP包(包括PING、在線狀態、聊天消息等) connection.addSyncStanzaListener(packet -> log.info("[SyncStanzaListener] Packet received {}", packet), stanza -> true); // 只監聽聊天消息 ChatManager.getInstanceFor(connection).addIncomingListener((entityBareJid, message, chat) -> { System.out.println(String.format("[IncomingListener] Message received %s : %s", entityBareJid, message.getBody())); // Echo此消息 Try.run(() -> chat.send(message.getBody())); System.out.println(Roster.getInstanceFor(connection).getEntries()); }); // 發送消息 connection.sendStanza(new Message("theta@172.16.5.254", "MESSAGE_BY_CONNECTION")); // 發送消息 方式二 ChatManager.getInstanceFor(connection).chatWith(JidCreate.entityBareFrom("theta@172.16.5.254")).send("MESSAGE_BY_CHAT_MANAGER"); // 獲取聯繫人集合 Thread.sleep(1000); // 等待聯繫人更新 Set<RosterEntry> entries = Roster.getInstanceFor(connection).getEntries(); log.info("Contacts: {} persons", entries.size()); entries.forEach(System.out::println); // 保持運行 Thread.currentThread().join(); } }
控制檯日誌
10:55:24.924 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received IQ Stanza (query jabber:iq:roster) [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,id=gvsBl-5,type=result,] 10:55:24.933 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/1gwvh0rdvv,id=L85kQ-6,type=available,] 10:55:24.933 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/1pj92olp11,id=RamcN-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.933 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/8aadbwm30s,id=xkaYN-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.934 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/profanity,id=prof_presence_595,type=available,] 10:55:24.937 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/9trigmn7f2,id=SJ41s-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.937 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/42awvmq6te,id=iMJUx-6,type=available,] 10:55:24.937 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/92ijqtzgxi,id=9gG6o-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.937 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/494vwn454w,id=byYRm-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.938 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/4wurqkoj8y,id=3BnGN-7,type=available,] 10:55:24.939 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Presence Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=gamma@172.16.5.254/9vx8ve5vdm,id=YSZxk-6,type=available,] 10:55:25.939 [main] INFO bj.BazTest - Contacts: 3 persons : beta@172.16.5.254 : alpha@172.16.5.254 : theta@172.16.5.254 10:55:26.876 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Message Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=theta@172.16.5.254/profanity,id=prof_msg_670,type=chat,] [IncomingListener] Message received theta@172.16.5.254 : hello [: beta@172.16.5.254, : alpha@172.16.5.254, : theta@172.16.5.254] 10:55:28.839 [Smack Cached Executor] INFO bj.BazTest - [SyncStanzaListener] Packet received Message Stanza [to=gamma@172.16.5.254/612m1g1ciz,from=theta@172.16.5.254/profanity,id=prof_msg_671,type=chat,] [IncomingListener] Message received theta@172.16.5.254 : world [: beta@172.16.5.254, : alpha@172.16.5.254, : theta@172.16.5.254]