又陷入知識盲區了，面試被問SpringBoot集成dubbo，我當時就懵了

時間 2020-07-23

標籤陷入知識盲區面試被問 springboot 集成 dubbo 當時欄目快樂工作简体版

原文原文鏈接

前言

前兩天在和粉絲聊天的時候，粉絲跟我說以前在面試的時候被問到SpringBoot這一塊的知識被問的有點懵，和我問了很多這方面的東西。過後我想了想不如把這些東西分享出來吧，讓更多的人看到，這樣無論是對本身知識的一個提高仍是對面試的準備都有好處。好了，滿滿的乾貨都在下面了！java

1.建立maven項目父工程（不使用idea的spring Initializr）

不勾選任何模板，直接使用默認項目模板
web

刪除src文件夾，建立這個項目的目的是爲了做爲父工程，無需src文件夾，只保留pom文件便可面試

編輯pom文件spring

設置父工程打包方式爲pom，用於依賴管理apache

<packaging>pom</packaging>

添加必要依賴api

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo依賴 apache版 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo所需其餘依賴 使用alibaba的dubbo則不須要 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo所需其餘依賴 使用alibaba的dubbo則不須要 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- zookeeper依賴 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.7</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

2. 建立生產者

同第一步相同，建立子模塊，名爲provider網絡

刪除src文件夾，該模塊仍做爲父工程使用app

修改pom文件，繼承父工程，並設置打包方式爲pomdom

<parent>
        <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>base</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

建立子工程provider-api，

修改pom文件，繼承父工程provider
這個工程爲生產者和約束者約束api規範，生產者和消費者都需依賴此模塊聯繫彼此
此模塊中只寫api和實體類，不寫實現方式maven

<parent>
    <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<!-- maven默認打包方式爲jar包，此處可不用顯示指定 -->
<packaging>jar</packaging>

編寫代碼

實體類user

package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
/*
當實體類做爲RPC方法的返回值時，必須實現Serializable接口，dubbo的實現原理就是
消費者遠程調用生產者方法，生產者返回序列化後的返回值，消費者經過網絡獲取到序
列化後的數據再反序列化
*/
/*
此處不實現Serializable接口，遠程調用方法時會報錯，並提示實體類需繼承此接口
*/
public class User implements Serializable {

    private String account;

    private String password;

    public String getAccount() {
        return account;
    }

    public void setAccount(String account) {
    this.account = account;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

UserService接口

package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service;

    import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;

    public interface UserService {

        User getUserInstance();
    }

執行mvn install命令將jar包打入本地倉庫
完畢
在provider下建立子工程provider-service模塊(此模塊爲真正的生產者)

編輯pom文件繼承父工程

<parent>
    <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>provider-service</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<name>provider-service</name>
<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

添加必須依賴

<dependencies>
    <!-- 此處依賴api模塊規範接口 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
        <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
        <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
        <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

UserService的實現類UserServiceImpl

package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.impl;

import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
    /*
    dubbo註解，指定接口版本號和超時時間，調用方需正確填寫版本信息
    */
    @DubboService(version = "1.0", timeout = 300)
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public User getUserInstance() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setAccount("admin");
    user.setPassword("admin");
    return user;
    }
}

application.yml配置

dubbo:
    application:
        # 指定該服務名稱 
        name: provider
    registry:
        # 通訊協議
        protocol: zookeeper
        # 註冊中心地址
        address: 127.0.0.1
        # 註冊中心端口號
        port: 2181
        # 也能夠不配置protocol和port，直接配置爲zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181

    protocol:
    name: dubbo
    # 服務暴露端口
    port: 8081

# 包掃描(此處爲掃描dubbo的註解，和SpringBoot無關)
    scan:
    base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo

爲啓動類添加dubbo註解@EnableDubbo

package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ProviderServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3. 建立消費者

在根項目下建立consumer模塊
編輯pom文件繼承父項目

<parent>
    <artifactId>base</artifactId>
    <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
    <version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>

添加必須依賴

<dependencies>
    <!-- 引入provider-api依賴用以遠程調用 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
        <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
        <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
        <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

編輯controller層代碼遠程調用

package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer.controller;

import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class ConsumerController {
    /*
    遠程調用註解，需正確對應生產者的版本號，此處不須要@autowird注入對象
    */
    @DubboReference(version = "1.0")
    private UserService userService;

    @ResponseBody
    @GetMapping("/test")
    public User getUser() {
        return userService.getUserInstance();
    }
}

配置application.yml文件

dubbo:
    application:
        name: provider
    registry:
        protocol: zookeeper
        address: 127.0.0.1
        port: 2181

    protocol:
        name: dubbo
        # 服務暴露端口
        port: 8081

    # 包掃描
    scan:
        base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo

#### 添加SpringBoot啓動類

package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}

}

## 4. 測試
按順序啓動zookeeper、provider-service、consumer
訪問http://localhost/test
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/23140115-86109ded3f85528b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

成功！！！
## 最後
感謝你看到這裏，看完有什麼的不懂的能夠在評論區問我，以爲文章對你有幫助的話記得給我點個贊，天天都會分享java相關技術文章或行業資訊，歡迎你們關注和轉發文章！