是一套協議,協議規定了:html
- 鏈接時須要握手前端
- 發送數據進行加密jquery
- 鏈接以後不斷開web
實現長輪詢等操做django
- flask,gevent-websocketjson
- django,channelflask
- torando框架自帶後端
實時響應頁面時,能夠使用websocket。服務器
兼容性比較差,版本較低的IE沒法支持websocket
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
Flask 的啓動的地方改爲這樣便可以支持 websocket ,同時並不會覆蓋 http ,二者並存
if __name__ == '__main__': http_server = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler) http_server.serve_forever()
ws = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') # 要拿到websocket 的標識才能夠操做
msg = ws.receive() # 從客戶端接收消息
ws.send("你好啊") # 向客戶端發送消息
var ws = new WebSocket('ws://127.0.0.1:5000/message') // 不定義的話默認就是 HTTP,定義後往指定的url 發起 websocket 連接請求
ws.onmessage = function (event) { // 服務器端向客戶端發送數據時,自動執行 var response = JSON.parse(event.data); // 接收服務端的數據 };
ws.send("你好呀") // 向服務端發送消息
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> </head> <body> <h1>醜男投票系統</h1> <ul> {% for k,v in users.items() %} <li onclick="vote({{k}})" id="id_{{k}}">{{v.name}}<span>{{v.count}}</span></li> {% endfor %} </ul> <script src="{{ url_for('static',filename='jquery-3.3.1.min.js')}}"></script> <script> var ws = new WebSocket('ws://127.0.0.1:5000/message') ws.onmessage = function (event) { /* 服務器端向客戶端發送數據時,自動執行 */ // {'cid':cid,'count':new} var response = JSON.parse(event.data); $('#id_'+response.cid).find('span').text(response.count); }; function vote(cid) { ws.send(cid) // 發送信息 } </script> </body> </html>
from flask import Flask,render_template,request from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer import json app = Flask(__name__) USERS = { '1':{'name':'鋼彈','count':0}, '2':{'name':'鐵錘','count':0}, '3':{'name':'貝貝','count':100}, } # http://127.0.0.1:5000/index @app.route('/index') def index(): return render_template('index.html',users=USERS) # http://127.0.0.1:5000/message WEBSOCKET_LIST = [] @app.route('/message') def message(): ws = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') if not ws: print('http') return '您使用的是Http協議' WEBSOCKET_LIST.append(ws) while True: cid = ws.receive() # 接收信息 if not cid: WEBSOCKET_LIST.remove(ws) ws.close() break old = USERS[cid]['count'] new = old + 1 USERS[cid]['count'] = new for client in WEBSOCKET_LIST: client.send(json.dumps({'cid':cid,'count':new})) if __name__ == '__main__': http_server = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler) http_server.serve_forever()