Centos7 安裝 MySQL5.7

Centos7 安裝 MySQL5.7

1、環境介紹

1.安裝包版本介紹

MySQL 有三種安裝方式：RPM安裝、二進制包安裝、源碼包安裝。咱們這篇文章以二進制方式安裝MySQL

軟件名稱	版本
系統版本	CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
MySQL	mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

2.二進制包相關目錄介紹

MySQL Installation Layout for Generic Unix/Linux Binary Package

Directory	Contents of Directory
bin	mysqld server, client and utility programs
docs	MySQL manual in Info format
man	Unix manual pages
include	Include (header) files
lib	Libraries
share	Error messages, dictionary, and SQL for database installation
support-files	Miscellaneous support files

3.安裝目錄規劃

配置項	說明
config	/etc/my.cnf
datadir	/data/mysql/mysql3306/data
binlogdir	/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs
tmpdir	/data/mysql/mysql3306/tmp

/data 在生產環境中這個目錄最好是一個單獨掛載的一個分區

server-id 爲了防止server-id衝突，咱們規定是主機IP地址的最後一位+MySQL監聽的端口號。例如個人IP是192.168.1.100 MySQL監聽的端口爲3306 ，因此個人server-id = 1003306

2、安裝MySQL

1.安裝相關依賴

# yum install libaio -y

2.下載MySQL二進制安裝包

國內源：

# wget -P /opt/  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

國外源：

# wget -P /opt/  https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

3.建立用戶

# useradd  -s /sbin/nologin  -M mysql

4.解壓軟鏈接MySQL二進制包

# mkdir /opt/mysql/
# tar zxf /opt/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql/
# cd /usr/local/
# ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

5.建立數據庫相關目錄

# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/mysql3306/{data,logs,tmp}

6.修改相關目錄權限

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data

7.建立配置文件

咱們使用的配置文件爲：/etc/my.cnf

# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
###### base ######
#my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock

[mysql]
prompt="\u@\h [\d]>" 
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql3306/data
tmpdir = /data/mysql/mysql3306/tmp
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
event_scheduler = 0

#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300

#character set
character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000
lower_case_table_names =1

###### GTID ######
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency=1

###### symi replication ######
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000 # 1 second
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

####### slow log ######
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1

####### binlog ######
binlog_format = row
server-id = 1003306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/mysql-bin
max_binlog_size = 256M
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10
#procedure 
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1

####### relay log ######
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 128M
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index = relay-bin.index
log_slave_updates = ON
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062
#skip-grant-tables

####### buffers & cache ######
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 128K
join_buffer_size = 128K
thread_cache_size = 200
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_log_file_size = 100M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
EOF

8.初始化數據庫

# cd /usr/local/mysql
# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf   --initialize

9.建立MySQL啓動腳本

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

10.建立環境變量

# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile

11.修改初始密碼

查看初始密碼：

# grep "password" /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log    
2017-05-08T07:49:40.620503Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q=8jh*JpNar)

初始密碼爲： q=8jh*JpNar) 每次初始化密碼都不會相同；
登陸數據庫修改密碼爲：unixfbi.com

# mysql -uroot -p初始密碼
mysql> alter user user() identified by 'unixfbi.com';
或者：
mysql> SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('unixfbi.com');
mysql> flush privileges;

或者：

# PASSWD=$(grep 'password is' /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log  | awk '{print $NF}')

# mysql -uroot -p"$PASSWD" --connect-expired-password -e "alter user user() identified by 'unixfbi.com';"

參考文檔

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/binary-installation.html
http://database.51cto.com/art/201108/285365.htm

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