本博客內容非自創,轉載自如下三位,侵刪:java
https://juejin.im/post/5ab7bd11f265da23906bfbc5mysql
https://my.oschina.net/fifadxj/blog/785621spring
https://www.jianshu.com/p/b864aecc0de1sql
Java程序都是經過JDBC鏈接數據庫的,經過SQL對數據庫編程,JDBC是由SUN公司提出的一些列規範,只定義了接口規範,具體實現由各個數據庫廠商去實現,它是一種典型的橋接模式。ps:橋接模式是一種結構型設計模式,它的主要特色是把抽象與行爲實現分離開來,分別定義接口,能夠保持各部分的獨立性以及應對他們的功能擴展。數據庫
所謂規範,就是本身定義了標準接口,作了以下抽象:用Connection表明和數據庫的鏈接,用Statement執行SQL,用ResultSet表示SQL返回的結果,提供了對數據的便利。從Connection能夠建立Statement,Statement執行查詢獲得ResultSet。apache
上面說的Connection、Statement、ResultSet都應該是接口,具體實現由各個數據庫提供商提供。有了規範,能夠經過統一的接口,訪問多種類型的數據庫,可隨便切換數據庫。編程
上面提到,接口的實現由各個廠商提供,那麼實現類的類名就會不統一,去建立Connection對象時,代碼就會寫死某個實現類,切換數據庫時,就須要修改代碼,這樣不太好。爲了解決這個問題,抽象了Driver驅動的概念。設計模式
Connection con=MySqlConnectionImpl("127.0.0.1",3306,"mi_user",userName,pwd);
每一個數據庫都須要實現Driver接口,經過Driver可得到數據庫鏈接Connection,經過反射機制動態建立。api
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Drier");
同一個程序可能訪問不一樣的數據庫,經過DriverManager來管理驅動,Driver在初始化的時候,須要註冊到DriverManager中。緩存
DriverManager提供了一個getConnection方法,用於創建數據庫Connection:
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("127.0.0.1",3306,"mi_user",userName,pwd);
若是有多個數據庫驅動,DriverManager如何區分呢,須要在數據庫鏈接url中指定,好比mysql須要添加jdbc:mysql前綴:
String url= "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mi_user";
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd)
數據源DataSource包含鏈接池和鏈接池管理2個部分,習慣上稱爲鏈接池。在系統初始化的時候,將數據庫鏈接做爲對象存儲在內存中,當須要訪問數據庫時,從鏈接池中取出一個已創建的空閒鏈接對象。
使用數據源,獲取其DataSource對象,經過該對象動態的獲取數據庫鏈接。另外,DataSource對象能夠註冊到名字服務(JNDI)中,能夠經過名字服務得到DataSource對象,無需硬性編碼驅動。
DriverManager是JDBC1提供的,DataSource是JDBC2新增的功能,提供了更好的鏈接數據源的方法。
DefaultTransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); PlatformTransactionManager txManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); TransactionStatus status = txManager.getTransaction(def); try { //get jdbc connection... //execute sql... } catch (Exception e) { txManager.rollback(status); throw e; } txManager.commit(status);
能夠看到PlatformTransactionManager的getTransaction(), rollback(), commit()是spring處理事務的核心api,分別對應事務的開始,提交和回滾。
spring事務處理的一個關鍵是保證在整個事務的生命週期裏全部執行sql的jdbc connection和處理事務的jdbc connection始終是同一個。而後執行sql的業務代碼通常都分散在程序的不一樣地方,如何讓它們共享一個jdbc connection呢?這裏spring作了一個前提假設:即一個事務的操做必定是在一個thread中執行,且一個thread中若是有多個不一樣jdbc connection生成的事務的話,他們必須順序執行,不能同時存在。(這個假設在絕大多數狀況下都是成立的)。基於這個假設,spring在transaction建立時,會用ThreadLocal把建立這個事務的jdbc connection綁定到當前thread,接下來在事務的整個生命週期中都會從ThreadLocal中獲取同一個jdbc connection。
咱們看一下詳細調用過程
對spring jdbc的事務處理有了瞭解後,咱們來看mybatis是如何經過spring處理事務的。
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="transactionFactory"> <bean class="org.apache.ibatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory" /> </property> </bean> <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" /> </bean>
而後看其調用過程
能夠看到mybatis-spring處理事務的主要流程和spring jdbc處理事務並無什麼區別,都是經過DataSourceTransactionManager的getTransaction(), rollback(), commit()完成事務的生命週期管理,並且jdbc connection的建立也是經過DataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction()完成,mybatis並無參與其中,mybatis只是在執行sql時經過DataSourceUtils.getConnection()得到當前thread的jdbc connection,而後在其上執行sql。
下面結合代碼來看
<SqlSessionUtils>: public static SqlSession getSqlSession(SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) { notNull(sessionFactory, NO_SQL_SESSION_FACTORY_SPECIFIED); notNull(executorType, NO_EXECUTOR_TYPE_SPECIFIED); SqlSessionHolder holder = (SqlSessionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(sessionFactory); SqlSession session = sessionHolder(executorType, holder); if (session != null) { return session; } if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Creating a new SqlSession"); } session = sessionFactory.openSession(executorType); registerSessionHolder(sessionFactory, executorType, exceptionTranslator, session); return session; } private static void registerSessionHolder(SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator, SqlSession session) { SqlSessionHolder holder; if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive()) { Environment environment = sessionFactory.getConfiguration().getEnvironment(); if (environment.getTransactionFactory() instanceof SpringManagedTransactionFactory) { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Registering transaction synchronization for SqlSession [" + session + "]"); } holder = new SqlSessionHolder(session, executorType, exceptionTranslator); TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(sessionFactory, holder); TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization(new SqlSessionSynchronization(holder, sessionFactory)); holder.setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true); holder.requested(); } else { if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(environment.getDataSource()) == null) { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("SqlSession [" + session + "] was not registered for synchronization because DataSource is not transactional"); } } else { throw new TransientDataAccessResourceException( "SqlSessionFactory must be using a SpringManagedTransactionFactory in order to use Spring transaction synchronization"); } } } else { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("SqlSession [" + session + "] was not registered for synchronization because synchronization is not active"); } } }
執行sql時調用sqlSessionTemplate的insert,update,delete方法,sqlSessionTemplate是DefaultSqlSession的一個代理類,它經過SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession()試圖從ThreadLocal獲取當前事務所使用的SqlSession。若是是第一次獲取時會調用SqlSessionFactory.openSession()建立一個SqlSession並綁定到ThreadLocal,同時還會經過TransactionSynchronizationManager註冊一個SqlSessionSynchronization。
<SqlSessionSynchronization>: public void beforeCommit(boolean readOnly) { // Connection commit or rollback will be handled by ConnectionSynchronization or // DataSourceTransactionManager. // But, do cleanup the SqlSession / Executor, including flushing BATCH statements so // they are actually executed. // SpringManagedTransaction will no-op the commit over the jdbc connection // TODO This updates 2nd level caches but the tx may be rolledback later on! if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive()) { try { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Transaction synchronization committing SqlSession [" + this.holder.getSqlSession() + "]"); } this.holder.getSqlSession().commit(); } catch (PersistenceException p) { if (this.holder.getPersistenceExceptionTranslator() != null) { DataAccessException translated = this.holder .getPersistenceExceptionTranslator() .translateExceptionIfPossible(p); if (translated != null) { throw translated; } } throw p; } }
SqlSessionSynchronization是一個事務生命週期的callback接口,mybatis-spring經過SqlSessionSynchronization在事務提交和回滾前分別調用DefaultSqlSession.commit()和DefaultSqlSession.rollback()
<BaseExecutor>: public void commit(boolean required) throws SQLException { if (closed) throw new ExecutorException("Cannot commit, transaction is already closed"); clearLocalCache(); flushStatements(); if (required) { transaction.commit(); } } public void rollback(boolean required) throws SQLException { if (!closed) { try { clearLocalCache(); flushStatements(true); } finally { if (required) { transaction.rollback(); } } } } public void clearLocalCache() { if (!closed) { localCache.clear(); localOutputParameterCache.clear(); } }
<SpringManagedTransaction>: this.isConnectionTransactional = DataSourceUtils.isConnectionTransactional(this.connection, this.dataSource); public void commit() throws SQLException { if (this.connection != null && !this.isConnectionTransactional && !this.autoCommit) { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Committing JDBC Connection [" + this.connection + "]"); } this.connection.commit(); } } public void rollback() throws SQLException { if (this.connection != null && !this.isConnectionTransactional && !this.autoCommit) { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Rolling back JDBC Connection [" + this.connection + "]"); } this.connection.rollback(); } }
<DataSourceUtils>: /** * Determine whether the given JDBC Connection is transactional, that is, * bound to the current thread by Spring's transaction facilities. * @param con the Connection to check * @param dataSource the DataSource that the Connection was obtained from * (may be {@code null}) * @return whether the Connection is transactional */ public static boolean isConnectionTransactional(Connection con, DataSource dataSource) { if (dataSource == null) { return false; } ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(dataSource); return (conHolder != null && connectionEquals(conHolder, con)); }
這裏的DefaultSqlSession只會進行一些自身緩存的清理工做,並不會真正提交事務給數據庫,緣由是這裏的DefaultSqlSession使用的Transaction實現爲SpringManagedTransaction,SpringManagedTransaction在提交事務前會檢查當前事務是否應該由spring控制,若是是,則不會本身提交事務,而將提交事務的任務交給spring,因此DefaultSqlSession並不會本身處理事務。
<SpringManagedTransaction>: public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException { if (this.connection == null) { openConnection(); } return this.connection; } /** * Gets a connection from Spring transaction manager and discovers if this * {@code Transaction} should manage connection or let it to Spring. * <p> * It also reads autocommit setting because when using Spring Transaction MyBatis * thinks that autocommit is always false and will always call commit/rollback * so we need to no-op that calls. */ private void openConnection() throws SQLException { this.connection = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(this.dataSource); this.autoCommit = this.connection.getAutoCommit(); this.isConnectionTransactional = DataSourceUtils.isConnectionTransactional(this.connection, this.dataSource); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug( "JDBC Connection [" + this.connection + "] will" + (this.isConnectionTransactional ? " " : " not ") + "be managed by Spring"); } }
DefaultSqlSession執行sql時,會經過SpringManagedTransaction調用DataSourceUtils.getConnection()從ThreadLocal中獲取jdbc connection並在其上執行sql。
總結:mybatis-spring處理事務的主要流程和spring jdbc處理事務並無什麼區別,都是經過DataSourceTransactionManager的getTransaction(), rollback(), commit()完成事務的生命週期管理,並且jdbc connection的建立也是經過DataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction()完成,mybatis並無參與其中,mybatis只是在執行sql時經過DataSourceUtils.getConnection()得到當前thread的jdbc connection,而後在其上執行sql。
mybatis-spring作的最主要的事情是: