Python模塊--smtplib、email

時間 2019-11-18

標籤 python 模塊 smtplib email 欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

概述

smtplib模塊和email模塊均是內置模塊，smtplib模塊提供了smtp協議功能，email模塊提供了編寫MIME格式內容的功能。html

SMTP

SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）即簡單郵件傳輸協議，屬於TCP/IP協議簇，幫助每臺計算機在發送或中轉信件時找到下一個目的地。python

相關帖子：web

POP三、SMTP和IMAP之間的區別和聯繫app

MIME

MIME（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions）多用途互聯網郵件擴展類型，決定了郵件的組成內容和結構。ide

相關帖子：ui

MIME協議分析this

python實例

第一段代碼spa

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-.net

import email
import mimetypes
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
import smtplibdebug

def sendEmail(authInfo, fromAdd, toAdd, subject, plainText, htmlText):

strFrom = fromAdd
strTo = ', '.join(toAdd)

        server = authInfo.get('server')
        user = authInfo.get('user')
        passwd = authInfo.get('password')

        if not (server and user and passwd) :
                print 'incomplete login info, exit now'
                return

        # 設定root信息
        msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
        msgRoot['Subject'] = subject
        msgRoot['From'] = strFrom
        msgRoot['To'] = strTo
        msgRoot.preamble = 'This is a multi-part message in MIME format.'

        # Encapsulate the plain and HTML versions of the message body in an
        # 'alternative' part, so message agents can decide which they want to display.
        msgAlternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
        msgRoot.attach(msgAlternative)

        #設定純文本信息
        msgText = MIMEText(plainText, 'plain', 'utf-8')
        msgAlternative.attach(msgText)

        #設定HTML信息
        msgText = MIMEText(htmlText, 'html', 'utf-8')
        msgAlternative.attach(msgText)

#設定內置圖片信息
 fp = open('test.jpg', 'rb')
 msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
 fp.close()
 msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
 msgRoot.attach(msgImage)

       #發送郵件
        smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
       #設定調試級別，依狀況而定
        smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
        smtp.connect(server)
        smtp.login(user, passwd)
        smtp.sendmail(strFrom, strTo, msgRoot.as_string())
        smtp.quit()
        return

if __name__ == '__main__' :
 authInfo = {}
 authInfo['server'] = 'smtp.somehost.com'
 authInfo['user'] = 'username'
 authInfo['password'] = 'password'
 fromAdd = 'username@somehost.com'
 toAdd = ['someone@somehost.com', 'other@somehost.com']
 subject = '郵件主題'
 plainText = '這裏是普通文本'
 htmlText = 'HTML文本'
 sendEmail(authInfo, fromAdd, toAdd, subject, plainText, htmlText)

文件形式的郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需參數‘utf-8'，單字節字符不須要
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

HTML形式的郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('<html><h1>你好</h1></html>','html','utf-8')

msg['Subject'] = subject

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

帶圖片的HTML郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'

msgText = MIMEText('Some HTML text and an image. <img src="cid:image1"> good!','html','utf-8')
msgRoot.attach(msgText)

fp = open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()

msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msgRoot.attach(msgImage)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()

帶附件的郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'

#構造附件
att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'
msgRoot.attach(att)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()

羣郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

sender = '***'
receiver = ['***','****',……]
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('你好','plain','utf-8')

msg['Subject'] = subject

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

各類元素都包含的郵件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'

# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['Subject'] = "Link"

# Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).
text = "Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.python.org"
html = """\
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
 Hi! 
 How are you? 
 Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.
 
</body>
</html>
"""

# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.
part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')
part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html')

# Attach parts into message container.
# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case
# the HTML message, is best and preferred.
msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)
#構造附件
att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'
msg.attach(att)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

基於SSL的郵件

msg = MIMEText('你好','plain','utf-8')#中文需參數‘utf-8'，單字節字符不須要
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

參考帖子

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-cllwluik-hr.html

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-nhdmydkx-p.html

python發送郵件的實例代碼(支持html、圖片、附件)

或

python發送郵件的實例代碼(支持html、圖片、附件)

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-qnmrfwlr-bh.html

http://www.jb51.net/web/25072.html

https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_Types#重要的MIME類型

https://blog.csdn.net/wangxh_haha/article/details/78037449

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-yerlmltx-bg.html