Ubuntu16.04 anaconda3 opencv已經安裝，可是沒法import的問題

解決anaconda中已經安裝了opencv3，但沒法import的問題

你可能碰見的問題：

1. ImportError: No module named cv2
2. ImportError: libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

第一個問題：

你可能沒有成功安裝opencv環境，或者你須要從新安裝opencv的環境進行嘗試

你能夠查看這一篇博客進行配置opencv卸載與安裝

第二個問題：

你可能查看了某些博客，要求你將cv2.so移動到你的使用的python中（ sudo cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/cv2.so /home/username/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/）,而後你再次import cv2就會發現會出現以上的報錯

你能夠經過which python命令查看你的python的來源。例如你經過which python獲得的結果是/home/learner/anaconda3/bin/python

那麼說明你須要的opencv文件應該放在anaconda3/lib/python3.6(你的對應的版本)/dist-packages/中

解決方法:

若是你確實已經按照以上的博客進行安裝好opencv了，那麼你能夠繼續進行，不然，請先按照以上博客進行opencv的安裝。

根據提示，缺乏的是libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3這個文件，那麼咱們進行查找經過sudo find / -name libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3

獲得結果以下：

find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3

咱們能夠觀察到有不少cv2的文件夾，而咱們python所使用的anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages中沒有這個文件，那麼將cv2.so文件複製過去

cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2.so /anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages

在此處還不夠，須要加上如下聲明，能夠添加到.bashrc中

export PYTHONPATH=/home/learner/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/:$PYTHONPATH

驗證結果

Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Oct 13 2017, 12:02:49) 
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>>

---

這個方法是我誤打誤撞獲得的，若是有更好的方法，但願你們能夠給我留言，我會繼續改進的