Mariadb-多實例安裝
Mariadb多實例安裝
1.數據庫多實例通常在測試環境中使用，生成環境不建議使用多實例
爲什麼要作多實例呢
說白了就是缺機器唄
基於Mariadb源碼編譯來進行多實例安裝
規劃多實例目錄文件，這裏目錄用端口號來代替了，容易區分node
[root@node6 ~]#mkdir /mysql/{3307,3308,3309} -p
[root@node6 ~]#ls /mysql/330
3307/ 3308/ 3309/
[root@node6 /mysql]#mkdir {3307,3308,3309}/{data,etc,socket,log,pid} -pv
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/pid’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/pid’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/pid’
# 查看目錄結構
[root@node6 /mysql]#tree .
.
├── 3307
│ ├── data
│ ├── etc
│ ├── log
│ ├── pid
│ └── socket
├── 3308
│ ├── data
│ ├── etc
│ ├── log
│ ├── pid
│ └── socket
└── 3309
├── data
├── etc
├── log
├── pid
└── socket
2.修改目錄的全部者爲mysql用戶
[root@node6 /mysql]#ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3307 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3308 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3309 [root@node6 /mysql]#chown -R mysql.mysql * [root@node6 /mysql]#ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 3307 drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 3308 drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 3309
3.生成各自的數據庫文件
# 先進入到源碼或者二進制安裝的程序目錄下 [root@node6 /mysql]#cd /data/mysql/ [root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3307/data [root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3308/data [root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3309/data # 查看生成好的數據庫文件目錄，這裏就查看其中一個3307 [root@node6 /data/mysqlll /mysql/3307/data total 110660 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 16384 May 3 09:56 aria_log.00000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 May 3 09:56 aria_log_control -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 938 May 3 09:56 ib_buffer_pool -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 May 3 09:56 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 May 3 09:56 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 May 3 09:56 ib_logfile1 drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 May 3 09:56 mysql -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 28999 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 19 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 7 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.state drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 20 May 3 09:56 performance_schema drwx------ 2 mysql root 6 May 3 09:56 test
4.建立各個數據庫的配置文件，以及修改各個配置文件的端口號以及目錄
[root@node6 /data/mysql]#cp /etc/my.cnf /mysql/3307/etc/ [root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#vim my.cnf [mysqld] port=3307 datadir=/mysql/3307/ socket=/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [mysqld_safe] log-error=/mysql/3307/log/mariadb.log pid-file=/mysql/3307/pid/mariadb.pid # # include all files from the config directory # #!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d # 把3307上的配置文件複製到後面兩個實例上去 [root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#cp my.cnf /mysql/3308/etc/ [root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#cp my.cnf /mysql/3309/etc/ # 修改其它兩個實例的配置文件改爲相對應的端口和目錄 [root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#sed -i 's/3307/3308/' /mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf [root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#sed -i 's/3307/3309/' /mysql/3309/etc/my.cnf
5.建立服務的啓動腳本
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#vim mysqld
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 345 80 2
port=3307
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/data/mysql/bin"
mysql_basedir="/mysql"
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
# 把3307上的啓動腳本複製到330八、3309上去，並把啓動端口修改便可，其它不用修改
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld ../3308/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld ../3309/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#sed -i 's/3307/3308/' ../3308/mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#sed -i 's/3307/3309/' ../3309/mysqld
6.啓動多實例，並查看相對應的端口是否處於監聽狀態
# 添加執行權限給mysqld [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x mysqld [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x ../3308/mysqld [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x ../3309/mysqld [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#./mysqld start Starting MySQL... [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#../3308/mysqld start Starting MySQL... [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#../3309/mysqld start Starting MySQL... [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 0 80 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 0 80 :::3308 :::* LISTEN 0 80 :::3309 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
7.鏈接到多實例上去
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#mysql -uroot -p -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 10.2.23-MariaDB Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> select @@port; +--------+ | @@port | +--------+ | 3307 | +--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) # 修改3307實例密碼和加固安全，修改以後的密碼須要在啓動腳本中添加進去 [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#mysql_secure_installation -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#vim mysqld #!/bin/bash #chkconfig: 345 80 2 port=3307 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="123456"
8.把啓動腳本拷貝到/etc/init.d/更名爲mysqld3307以示區分是哪一個實例的啓動腳本，並添加到開機啓動項裏
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld3307 [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chkconfig --add mysqld3307 [root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chkconfig --list mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off mysqld3307 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
後續就能夠登陸到數據庫裏進行操做了
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