AspNetCore容器化(Docker)部署(二) —— 多容器通訊

時間 2019-11-20

標籤 aspnetcore 容器 docker 部署通訊欄目 Docker 简体版

原文原文鏈接

一.前言

着上一篇 AspNetCore容器化(Docker)部署(一) —— 入門，在單個容器helloworld的基礎上引入nginx反向代理服務器組成多容器應用。html

二.配置反向代理轉接

配置轉接頭。詳見：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/host-and-deploy/linux-nginx?view=aspnetcore-2.2linux

Startup.csnginx

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
    if (env.IsDevelopment()) { app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); } else { app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error"); } app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions { ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto }); app.UseStaticFiles(); app.UseCookiePolicy(); app.UseMvc(routes => { routes.MapRoute( name: "default", template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}"); }); }

從新構建helloworld鏡像並生成容器git

PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker images
REPOSITORY                             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
helloworld                             v1.1                a57e147d8487        About an hour ago   265MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk      2.2-stretch         e4747ec2aaff        2 weeks ago         1.74GB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        2 weeks ago         260MB
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd               latest              2f1c802f322f        7 months ago        187kB
PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                      NAMES
c8ec48808318        helloworld:v1.1     "dotnet HelloWorld.d…"   About an hour ago   Up 12 minutes       0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp                         netcore_helloworld

三.Nginx容器

nginx官方鏡像和構建教程 https://hub.docker.com/_/nginxgithub

1.建立一個Nginx配置文件docker

helloworld.confwindows

server {
  listen 801; #監聽801端口
  
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://netcore_helloworld:80; #默認80端口可不加端口號，這裏轉發沒有使用IP而是containerId
  }
}

2.自定義Nginx鏡像的Dockerfile服務器

#定義基礎鏡像 nginx:latest
FROM nginx
#複製自定義的配置文件到Nginx配置文件目錄下
COPY helloworld.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/helloworld.conf
#暴露80端口到外部
EXPOSE 80
#容器運行參數
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

3.構建mynginx鏡像網絡

PS C:\Users\Administrator> cd C:\Users\Administrator\source\repos\AspNetCore_Docker\MyNginx
PS C:\Users\Administrator\source\repos\AspNetCore_Docker\MyNginx> docker build -t mynginx:v1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/4 : FROM nginx
 ---> 62c261073ecf
Step 2/4 : COPY helloworld.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/helloworld.conf
 ---> 0514a786be49
Step 3/4 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Running in 0693d4c225ef
Removing intermediate container 0693d4c225ef
 ---> 7546051297e3
Step 4/4 : CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
 ---> Running in 7f7634a0d689
Removing intermediate container 7f7634a0d689
 ---> 4b260c730139
Successfully built 4b260c730139
Successfully tagged mynginx:v1.0
SECURITY WARNING: You are building a Docker image from Windows against a non-Windows Docker host. All files and directories added to build context will have '-rwxr-xr-x' permissions. It is recommended to double check and reset permissions for sensitive files and directories.

PS C:\Users\Administrator\source\repos\AspNetCore_Docker\MyNginx> docker images
REPOSITORY                             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mynginx                                v1.0                f554133b97ee        9 seconds ago       109MB
helloworld                             v1.1                a57e147d8487        About an hour ago   265MB
nginx                                  latest              62c261073ecf        5 days ago          109MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk      2.2-stretch         e4747ec2aaff        2 weeks ago         1.74GB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        2 weeks ago         260MB
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd               latest              2f1c802f322f        7 months ago        187kB

4.建立Nginx容器
app

容器內80和801端口分別映射到外部(宿主機)的80和801端口，-p 外部端口:內部端口

PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker run --name mynginx -d -p 801:801 -p 80:80 f554133b97ee
1b2751b1dba6bb4b97f8c78cda8646709ea80da03e5136025cf52dc3a3cc740d
PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                      NAMES
dae033fe1b5c        f554133b97ee        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   18 seconds ago      Up 17 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:801->801/tcp   mynginx
c8ec48808318        helloworld:v1.1     "dotnet HelloWorld.d…"   8 minutes ago       Up 8 minutes        0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp                         netcore_helloworld

5.驗證Nginx

80端口訪問正常

801端口轉發失敗，應該說是沒法識別http://netcore_helloworld這個地址，由於容器之間是相互隔離的。

因此須要使用bridge networks建立一個橋接網絡將多個容器(網絡)鏈接起來進行通訊。

另外，使用link的方式進行ip映射也能夠達到容器間通訊的效果，跟windows裏面修改hosts文件ip映射hostname相似，須要注意的是link這個(廢棄)已過期的特性會在未來的版本中移除，不推薦使用。

四.Docker Network

官方介紹 https://docs.docker.com/network/

1.建立一個network

docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK

PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker network create mybridge
475a135ea2524de25f5594e35f2640e39c22365336092dc34f17e1019252eab1
PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker network ls
NETWORK ID          NAME                DRIVER              SCOPE
d1110fd56b8c        bridge              bridge              local
194bf7b8bfea        mybridge            bridge              local
c8ddf53079b8        host                host                local
522c9e7cfbcb        none                null                local

2.將容器加入到network

docker network connect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER

加入以後須要重啓容器，或者在建立容器時就指定docker run --network=bridgename ....

PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker network connect mybridge dae033fe1b5c
PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker network connect mybridge c8ec48808318
PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker restart dae033fe1b5c c8ec48808318
dae033fe1b5c
c8ec48808318

查看mybridge的information

PS C:\Users\Administrator> docker inspect 194bf7b8bfea
[
    {
        "Name": "mybridge",
        "Id": "194bf7b8bfeafdbfb8842c0d6252962c8cb1367c60d8742c5830c4446b571198",
        "Created": "2019-05-21T06:07:35.1683249Z",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "172.18.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "172.18.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {
            "c8ec488083184ff419cb1a2b1b67fb92520db276263ee43e97c3f30aa58314d0": {
                "Name": "netcore_helloworld",
                "EndpointID": "a21a766a83887b1c5ce44b75affb2bce78433ad307b8a5fa0f991969492ace4c",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:04",
                "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.4/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "dae033fe1b5c79c2604df3facb4c714a56e49f3501c34bda125a786b28faef88": {
                "Name": "mynginx",
                "EndpointID": "4119532667d868d735c15f584e6e7e27d48308808ef8b58e4d85a8b3e626791a",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]