PHP操做MongoDB學習

1  mongodb啓動時，設置啓動項

C:\>mongodb\bin\mongod --config C:\mongodb.conf
其中mongodb.conf爲：
   dbpath = D:\mongodb_data
logpath = D:\mongodb.log
logappend = true
   若是是linux的話，則mongod --config /etc/mongodb.conf

  

2 中止server
    db.shutdownServer()

3 經常使用操做:
   use myfirstdb
  插入db
   db.movies.insert({name:"Source Code", genre:"sci-fi", year:2011})
   查找全部記錄
   db.movies.find()
4 php 5.2 mongo driver下載：
http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latestphp5.2vc6ts.
zip
  5.3 mongo driver下載：
  http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latest-php5.3vc6ts.zip

   把DLL複製到extension目錄，而後
extension=php_mongo.dll便可

5 列出當前數據庫的php mongodb程序
   <?php
try{
$mongo = new Mongo(); //create a connection to MongoDB
$databases = $mongo->listDBs(); //List all databases
echo '<pre>';
print_r($databases);
$mongo->close();
} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) {
//handle connection error
die($e->getMessage());
}
?>
    若是是鏈接時用不一樣的端口，構造函數中用：
$mongo = new Mongo($server="mongodb://localhost:8888");
  也能夠指定timeout的策略；
  try {
$mongo = new Mongo($options=array('timeout'=> 100))
} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) {
die("Failed to connect to database ".$e->getMessage());
}
  
6 經過PHP保存對象到mongo db中
    $connection = new Mongo();
            $database   = $connection->selectDB('myblogsite');
            $collection = $database->selectCollection('articles');
           
            $article               = array();
            $article['title']      = $_POST['title'];
            $article['content']    = $_POST['content'];
            $article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate();
           
            $collection->insert($article);

      注意的是，默認不用顯式create database便可，若是不存在則會自動
新創建database,也能夠：
   $connection = new Mongo();
$collection = $connection->myblogsite->articles;
    mongodb的插入是異步的，若是不想異步，能夠這樣；
   try {
$status = $connection->insert(array('title' => 'Blog Title',
'content' => 'Blog Content'),
array('safe' => True));
echo "Insert operation complete";
} catch (MongoCursorException $e) {
die("Insert failed ".$e->getMessage());
}
  則必須等插入完成後才返回給用戶，繼續執行下一條語句
    也能夠指定timeout的策略：
    $collection->insert($document, array('safe' => True,
'timeout' => True));

7 設置本身的自增id
  
    $document = array('_id' => hash('sha1', $username.time()),
     將設置id爲username後加上當前時間再hash.

8 日期設置
   $article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate();
   $timestamp = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-21 12:00:00'));
print date('g:i a, F j', $timestamp->sec); //prints 12 pm, May 21

   $lastweek = new MongoDate(strtotime('-1 week'));  //找出一個星期以來的記錄
$cursor = $articleCollection->find(array('saved_at' =>
array('$gt' => $lastweek)));


   指定必定範圍內的記錄：


   $start = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-01 00:00:00'));
$end = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-31 23:59:59'));
$articleCollection->find(array('saved_at'=>
array('$gte' => $start,
'$lte' => $end)));






 
9 列出某個表的全部記錄
   $cursor = $collection->find();
   <?php while ($cursor->hasNext()):
$article = $cursor->getNext(); ?>
<h2><?php echo $article['title']; ?></h2>
  ............

  找某條記錄：$article = $collection->findOne(array('_id'=>
new MongoId($id)));
    查找時也能夠傳入多個參數：
$moviesCollection->find(array('genre' => 'comedy', 'year' => 2011));
   if ($cursor->count() === 0)  //若是找不到
 
   若是查詢多個條件：
   $collection->find(array('x' => array('$gt' => 100)));
//$ is escaped within double quotes (")
$collection->find(array('x' => array("\$gt" => 100)));
   注意要用單引號，若是要用雙引號，則要加上轉義符。

10 排序：
     $cursor->sort(array('saved_at' => -1)) //按save_at字段降序排列，1爲升序
11 skip和limit:
      $cursor = $articleCollection->find();
//skip the first five articles in the cursor
$cursor->skip(5);
     $cursor->limit(10);//結果集只取10條

12 更新數據庫
   $articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)),
$article);
   第一個參數爲指定的條件（更新條件），第二個參數爲要更新的對象
還有可選參數以下；
   $collection->update($criteria, $newobj, array('safe' => True));
   safe=true時，等到UPDATE結束才返回結果

  mongodb還支持upsert的操做：若是存在則更新，若是不存在則插入
    $users->update(array('email' => 'alice@wonderland.com'),
array('firstname' => 'Alice', 'lastname'=> 'Liddell'),
array('upsert' => True));

     這裏對email爲alice@wonderland.com的記錄進行更新其firstname,lastname字段的內容

13 修飾符
     好比set,只修改記錄的某個部分，能夠這樣：
   $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),
array('$set' => array('title' => 'New
Title')));
   使用inc:
     $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),
array('$set' => array('content' => 'New Content'),
'$inc' => array('update_count' => 1)));
    將update_count+1

   unset:
   $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),
array('$unset' => array('title' => True)));
   將title field從這個document中移除

  改名rename:
$articles->update(array(),
array('$rename' => array('saved_at' =>
'created_at')),
array('multiple' => True));
將save_at改名爲create_at

 
14 刪除記錄
   $articleCollection->remove(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)));
  $movies->remove(array('genre' =>'drama'),
array('justOne' => True));
  若是加了justOne的參數，則只刪除符合條件的一條記錄而已，其餘不刪除

15 document的關係
  1）嵌套
     {
"_id" : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca"),
"username" : "alphareplicant",
"email" : "roybatty@androids.org",
"fullname" : "Roy Batty",
"joined_at" : ISODate("2011-05-19T03:41:29.703Z"),
"address" : {
"street" : "13 Tannhauser Gate",
"city" : "Caprica",
"state" : "CC",
"zipcode" : 512
},
}
  2）引用
    {
_id : ObjectId("4dcd2abe5981aec801010000"),
title : "The only perfect site is hind-site",
content : "Loren ipsum dolor sit amet…",
saved_at : ISODate('2011-05-16T18:42:57.949Z'),
author_id : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca")
}

  3）好比一個一對多的關係：
     好比一個文章下的評論：
    $comment = array(
'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'],
'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'],
'comment' => $_POST['comment'],
'posted_at' => new MongoDate()
);
    $collection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)),
array('$push' => array('comments' =>
$comments)));
   使用的是$push的修飾符，通常來講，用內嵌的document效率比較高
或者：
   $article = $articleCollection->findOne(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)));

$comments = (isset($article['comments'])) ? $article['comments'] : array();

$comment = array(
                    'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'],
                    'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'],
                    'comment' => $_POST['comment'],
                    'posted_at' => new MongoDate()
                );
               
array_push($comments, $comment);

$articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)), array('$set' => array('comments' =>

$comments)));





  使用.號來查詢子嵌套文檔
  {
name : "Gordon Freeman",
address : {
city : "Springfield",
state : "Florida"
}
}
  {
name : "Lara Croft",
address : {
city : "Miami",
state: "Florida"
}
}
  則查詢address中state爲florida的document:
  $users->find(array('address.city' => 'Springfield',

'address.state' => 'Florida'));

轉自：http://jackyrong.iteye.com/blog/1333419