小團隊項目搭建代碼管理工具 gitlab8.9以及項目管理工具redmine 3.3 安裝配置指南

安裝代碼管理工具gitlab

1. Packages / Dependencies 包/依賴關係sudo不是默認安裝在Debian。確保你的系統更新並安裝它。

這裏輸入引用文本run as root!

apt-get update -y
apt-get upgrade -y
apt-get install sudo -y

注意:在安裝一些文件須要手動編輯。若是您熟悉vim將其設置爲默認編輯器下面的命令。若是你不熟悉vim請跳過這並繼續使用默認編輯器。

vim安裝並設置爲默認編輯器

sudo apt-get install -y vim
sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.basic

安裝所須要的包(須要編譯Ruby和原生擴展Ruby gems):

sudo apt-get install -y build-essential zlib1g-dev libyaml-dev libssl-dev libgdbm-dev libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev curl openssh-server redis-server checkinstall libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libicu-dev logrotate python-docutils pkg-config cmake nodejs

若是你想使用Kerberos進行用戶身份驗證,而後安裝libkrb5-dev:

sudo apt-get install libkrb5-dev

　　注意:若是你不知道什麼是Kerberos,你能夠假設你不須要它。　 　　確保你有正確的版本,安裝Git

Install Git

sudo apt-get install -y git-core

Make sure Git is version 1.7.10 or higher, for example 1.7.12 or 2.0.0

git --version

系統打包Git太老了嗎?刪除它從源代碼和編譯。

Remove packaged Git

sudo apt-get remove git-core

Install dependencies

sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libexpat1-dev gettext libz-dev libssl-dev build-essential

Download and compile from source

cd /tmp
curl -L --progress https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.4.6.tar.gz | tar xz
cd git-2.4.6/
./configure
make prefix=/usr/local all

Install into /usr/local/bin

sudo make prefix=/usr/local install

When editing config/gitlab.yml (Step 5), change the git -> bin_path to /usr/local/bin/git 注意:爲了接收郵件通知,必定要安裝一個郵件服務器。默認狀況下,Debian附帶exim4但這問題,而不附帶一個Ubuntu。推薦的郵件服務器是後綴,您能夠安裝:

sudo apt-get install -y postfix

Then select 'Internet Site' and press enter to confirm the hostname 2. Ruby

使用Ruby版本經理如RVM rbenv或chruby GitLab生產常常致使難以診斷的問題。例如,GitLab殼被稱爲從OpenSSH和版本管理器能夠防止拖在SSH。版本不支持經理和咱們強烈建議你們遵循下 　面的說明使用Ruby的系統。　 　　刪除舊的Ruby 1.8若是存在

sudo apt-get remove ruby1.8

Download Ruby and compile it:

mkdir /tmp/ruby && cd /tmp/ruby
curl -L --progress http://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.2/ruby-2.2.2.tar.gz | tar xz
curl -L --progress https://ruby.taobao.org/mirrors/ruby/ruby-2.2.2.tar.gz | tar xz
cd ruby-2.2.2
./configure --disable-install-rdoc
make
sudo make install

Install the Bundler Gem:
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError)
Errno::ECONNRESET: Connection reset by peer - SSL_connect (https://api.rubygems.org/quick/Marshal.4.8/bundler-1.10.5.gemspec.rz)
sudo gem install bundler --no-ri --no-rdoc
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError)
Errno::ECONNRESET: Connection reset by peer - SSL_connect (https://api.rubygems.org/quick/Marshal.4.8/bundler-1.10.5.gemspec.rz)

報錯處理 是由於國內網絡致使rubygems.org存放在Amazon S3上面的資源文件間歇性鏈接失敗，用國內的RubyGems鏡像(參見http://ruby.taobao.org/)替換官方鏡像，方法以下：

[root@h77 ruby-2.0.0-p353]# gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
https://rubygems.org/ removed from sources
[root@h77 ruby-2.0.0-p353]# gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/
https://ruby.taobao.org/ added to sources
[root@h77 ruby-2.0.0-p353]# gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://ruby.taobao.org/
gem install rails

若是你使用 Gemfile 和 Bundle (例如：Rails 項目) 你能夠用bundle的gem源代碼鏡像命令。

$ bundle config mirror.https://rubygems.org https://ruby.taobao.org

3. System Users Create a git user for GitLab:

sudo adduser --disabled-login --gecos 'GitLab' git

4. Database 咱們建議使用PostgreSQL數據庫。MySQL檢查MySQL安裝指南。注意:由於咱們須要使用擴展你至少須要pgsql 9.1。

Install the database packages

sudo apt-get install -y postgresql postgresql-client libpq-dev

Login to PostgreSQL

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1

Create a user for GitLab Do not type the 'template1=#', this is part of the prompt

template1=# CREATE USER git CREATEDB;

Create the GitLab production database & grant all privileges on database

template1=# CREATE DATABASE gitlabhq_production OWNER git;

Quit the database session

template1=# \q

Try connecting to the new database with the new user

sudo -u git -H psql -d gitlabhq_production

Quit the database session

gitlabhq_production> \q

5. Redis

sudo apt-get install redis-server

Configure redis to use sockets

sudo cp /etc/redis/redis.conf /etc/redis/redis.conf.orig

Disable Redis listening on TCP by setting 'port' to 0

sed 's/^port .*/port 0/' /etc/redis/redis.conf.orig | sudo tee /etc/redis/redis.conf

Enable Redis socket for default Debian / Ubuntu path

echo 'unixsocket /var/run/redis/redis.sock' | sudo tee -a /etc/redis/redis.conf

Grant permission to the socket to all members of the redis group

echo 'unixsocketperm 770' | sudo tee -a /etc/redis/redis.conf

Create the directory which contains the socket

mkdir /var/run/redis
chown redis:redis /var/run/redis
chmod 755 /var/run/redis

Persist the directory which contains the socket, if applicable

if [ -d /etc/tmpfiles.d ]; then
  echo 'd  /var/run/redis  0755  redis  redis  10d  -' | sudo tee -a /etc/tmpfiles.d/redis.conf
fi

Activate the changes to redis.conf

sudo service redis-server restart

Add git to the redis group

sudo usermod -aG redis git

6. GitLab

We'll install GitLab into home directory of the user "git"

cd /home/git

Clone the Source

Clone GitLab repository

sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce.git -b 7-12-stable gitlab

Note: You can change 7-12-stable to master if you want the bleeding edge version, but never install master on a production server!

Configure It

Go to GitLab installation folder

cd /home/git/gitlab

Copy the example GitLab config

sudo -u git -H cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

Update GitLab config file, follow the directions at top of file

sudo -u git -H editor config/gitlab.yml

Make sure GitLab can write to the log/ and tmp/ directories

sudo chown -R git log/
sudo chown -R git tmp/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX,go-w log/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/

Create directory for satellites

sudo -u git -H mkdir /home/git/gitlab-satellites
sudo chmod u+rwx,g=rx,o-rwx /home/git/gitlab-satellites

Make sure GitLab can write to the tmp/pids/ and tmp/sockets/ directories

sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/pids/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/sockets/

Make sure GitLab can write to the public/uploads/ directory

sudo chmod -R u+rwX  public/uploads

Copy the example Unicorn config

sudo -u git -H cp config/unicorn.rb.example config/unicorn.rb

Find number of cores

nproc

Enable cluster mode if you expect to have a high load instance Ex. change amount of workers to 3 for 2GB RAM server Set the number of workers to at least the number of cores

sudo -u git -H editor config/unicorn.rb

Copy the example Rack attack config

sudo -u git -H cp config/initializers/rack_attack.rb.example config/initializers/rack_attack.rb

Configure Git global settings for git user, used when editing via web editor

sudo -u git -H git config --global core.autocrlf input

Configure Redis connection settings

sudo -u git -H cp config/resque.yml.example config/resque.yml

Change the Redis socket path if you are not using the default Debian / Ubuntu configuration

sudo -u git -H editor config/resque.yml

Important Note: Make sure to edit both gitlab.yml and unicorn.rb to match your setup. Note: If you want to use HTTPS, see Using HTTPS for the additional steps. Configure GitLab DB Settings

PostgreSQL only:

sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.postgresql config/database.yml

MySQL only:

sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.mysql config/database.yml

MySQL and remote PostgreSQL only: Update username/password in config/database.yml. You only need to adapt the production settings (first part). If you followed the database guide then please do as follows: Change 'secure password' with the value you have given to $password You can keep the double quotes around the password

sudo -u git -H editor config/database.yml

PostgreSQL and MySQL: Make config/database.yml readable to git only

sudo -u git -H chmod o-rwx config/database.yml

Install Gems Note: As of bundler 1.5.2, you can invoke bundle install -jN (where N the number of your processor cores) and enjoy the parallel gems installation with measurable difference in completion time (~60% faster). Check the number of your cores with nproc. For more information check this post. First make sure you have bundler >= 1.5.2 (run bundle -v) as it addresses some issues that were fixed in 1.5.2.

For PostgreSQL (note, the option says "without ... mysql")

sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test mysql aws kerberos

Or if you use MySQL (note, the option says "without ... postgres")

sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws kerberos

國內： 在gitlab目錄修改文件 vi Gemfile 文件的https://rubygems.org/ 爲 https://ruby.taobao.com/

Note: If you want to use Kerberos for user authentication, then omit kerberos in the --without option above.
Install GitLab Shell
GitLab Shell is an SSH access and repository management software developed specially for GitLab.
 Run the installation task for gitlab-shell (replace `REDIS_URL` if needed):
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:shell:install[v2.6.3] REDIS_URL=unix:/var/run/redis/redis.sock RAILS_ENV=production

By default, the gitlab-shell config is generated from your main GitLab config. You can review (and modify) the gitlab-shell config as follows:

sudo -u git -H editor /home/git/gitlab-shell/config.yml
Note: If you want to use HTTPS, see Using HTTPS for the additional steps.
Note: Make sure your hostname can be resolved on the machine itself by either a proper DNS record or an additional line in /etc/hosts ("127.0.0.1 hostname"). This might be necessary for example if you set up gitlab behind a reverse proxy. If the hostname cannot be resolved, the final installation check will fail with "Check GitLab API access: FAILED. code: 401" and pushing commits will be rejected with "[remote rejected] master -> master (hook declined)".
Initialize Database and Activate Advanced Features
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production

Type 'yes' to create the database tables.

When done you see 'Administrator account created:' Adding limits to schema.rb for mysql 
 == Seed from /home/git/gitlab/db/fixtures/production/001_admin.rb 
 Administrator account created: 
``` login.........root password......5iveL!fe Note: You can set the Administrator/root password by supplying it in environmental variable GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD as seen below. If you don't set the password (and it is set to the default one) please wait with exposing GitLab to the public internet until the installation is done and you've logged into the server the first time. During the first login you'll be forced to change the default password.

這一步能夠不作，有可能引發登陸不了gitlab

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD=yourpassword

Install Init Script
Download the init script (will be /etc/init.d/gitlab):

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab

And if you are installing with a non-default folder or user copy and edit the defaults file:
sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab.default.example /etc/default/gitlab
If you installed GitLab in another directory or as a user other than the default you should change these settings in /etc/default/gitlab. Do not edit /etc/init.d/gitlab as it will be changed on upgrade.
Make GitLab start on boot:

sudo update-rc.d gitlab defaults 21

Setup Logrotate

sudo cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab

Check Application Status
Check if GitLab and its environment are configured correctly:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production

Compile Assets

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake assets:precompile RAILS_ENV=production

Start Your GitLab Instance

sudo service gitlab start

> or

sudo /etc/init.d/gitlab restart

7. Nginx
Note: Nginx is the officially supported web server for GitLab. If you cannot or do not want to use Nginx as your web server, have a look at the GitLab recipes.
Installation

sudo apt-get install -y nginx

Site Configuration
Copy the example site config:

sudo cp lib/support/nginx/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gitlab

Make sure to edit the config file to match your setup:
> Change YOUR_SERVER_FQDN to the fully-qualified
> domain name of your host serving GitLab.
> If using Ubuntu default nginx install:
> either remove the default_server from the listen line
> or else rm -f /etc/sites-enabled/default

sudo editor /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab Note: If you want to use HTTPS, replace the gitlab Nginx config with gitlab-ssl. See Using HTTPS for HTTPS configuration details.

Test Configuration
Validate your gitlab or gitlab-ssl Nginx config file with the following command:

sudo nginx -t

錯誤：nginx: [emerg] a duplicate default server for 0.0.0.0:80 in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gitlab:43

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
sudo rm -f /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default # 這是一個ln文件，推薦
　　sudo service nginx restart
You should receive syntax is okay and test is successful messages. If you receive errors check your gitlab or gitlab-ssl Nginx config file for typos, etc. as indicated in the error message given.
Restart

sudo service nginx restart

Done!
Double-check Application Status
To make sure you didn't miss anything run a more thorough check with:
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production
If all items are green, then congratulations on successfully installing GitLab!
NOTE: Supply SANITIZE=true environment variable to gitlab:check to omit project names from the output of the check command.
Initial Login
Visit YOUR_SERVER in your web browser for your first GitLab login. The setup has created a default admin account for you. You can use it to log in:
郵件配置
1. 配置好服務器的主機名

root@git:/home/git# vim /etc/hostname

git

2.  安裝 postfix

root@git:apt-get install postfix -y

Then select 'Internet Site' and press enter to confirm the hostname.

gitlab郵件提醒配置，建立帳號，添加SSH KEY的時候都會有郵件提醒給用戶。
修改全局配置文件git/.gitconfig文件，這裏的email是gitlab發送郵件的Email地址。

root@git:/home/git# pwd /home/git root@git:/home/git# ll total 36 drwxr-xr-x 4 git git 4096 Apr 10 16:11 ./ drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Feb 21 13:42 ../ -rw-r--r-- 1 git git 220 Mar 29 2013 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 git git 3527 Dec 23 11:28 .bashrc drwx------ 2 git git 4096 Dec 23 13:52 .cache/ -rw-rw-r-- 1 git git 50 Apr 10 16:11 .gitconfig -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48 Mar 31 17:45 .gitconfig.bak lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 44 Dec 23 11:28 gitlab-shell -> /opt/gitlab-6.3.0-1/apps/gitlab/gitlab-shell/ -rw-r--r-- 1 git git 716 Dec 23 11:28 .profile drwx------ 2 git git 4096 Feb 21 13:44 .ssh/ root@git:/home/git# vim .gitconfig [user] name = GitLab email = gitlab@lixiaoyi.com

當管理員給用戶建立帳號時，用戶郵箱裏面會自動收到gitlab發送的郵件。