SpringBoot系列教程JPA之query使用姿式詳解之基礎篇

前面的幾篇文章分別介紹了CURD中的增刪改,接下來進入最最多見的查詢篇,看一下使用jpa進行db的記錄查詢時,能夠怎麼玩java

本篇將介紹一些基礎的查詢使用姿式,主要包括根據字段查詢,and/or/in/like/between 語句,數字比較,排序以及分頁mysql

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I. 環境準備

在開始以前,固然得先準備好基礎環境,如安裝測試使用mysql,建立SpringBoot項目工程,設置好配置信息等,關於搭建項目的詳情能夠參考前一篇文章github

下面簡單的看一下演示添加記錄的過程當中,須要的配置spring

1. 表準備

沿用前一篇的表,結構以下sql

CREATE TABLE `money` (
  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用戶名',
  `money` int(26) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '錢',
  `is_deleted` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `create_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '建立時間',
  `update_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新時間',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

2. 項目配置

配置信息,與以前有一點點區別,咱們新增了更詳細的日誌打印;本篇主要目標集中在添加記錄的使用姿式,對於配置說明,後面單獨進行說明數據庫

## DataSource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/story?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=
## jpa相關配置
spring.jpa.database=MYSQL
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jackson.serialization.indent_output=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl

3. 數據準備

數據修改嘛,因此咱們先向表裏面插入兩條數據,用於後面的操做api

INSERT INTO `money` (`id`, `name`, `money`, `is_deleted`, `create_at`, `update_at`)
VALUES
    (1, '一灰灰blog', 100, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (2, '一灰灰2', 200, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (3, '一灰灰3', 300, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (4, '一灰灰4', 400, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (5, '一灰灰5', 500, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (6, 'Batch 一灰灰blog', 100, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (7, 'Batch 一灰灰blog 2', 100, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (8, 'Batch 一灰灰 3', 200, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (9, 'Batch 一灰灰 4', 200, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (10, 'batch 一灰灰5', 1498, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:58'),
    (11, 'batch 一灰灰6', 1498, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:58'),
    (12, 'batch 一灰灰7', 400, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40'),
    (13, 'batch 一灰灰8', 400, 0, '2019-04-18 17:01:40', '2019-04-18 17:01:40');

db

II. Query基本使用姿式

下面進入簡單的查詢操做姿式介紹,單表的簡單and/or/in/compare查詢方式函數

1. 表關聯POJO

查詢返回的記錄與一個實體類POJO進行綁定,藉助前面的分析結果,以下spring-boot

@Data
@DynamicUpdate
@DynamicInsert
@Entity
@Table(name = "money")
public class MoneyPO {
    @Id
    // 若是是auto,則會報異常 Table 'mysql.hibernate_sequence' doesn't exist
    // @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "money")
    private Long money;

    @Column(name = "is_deleted")
    private Byte isDeleted;

    @Column(name = "create_at")
    @CreatedDate
    private Timestamp createAt;

    @Column(name = "update_at")
    @CreatedDate
    private Timestamp updateAt;

}

上面類中的幾個註解,說明以下

  • @Data 屬於lombok註解,與jpa無關,自動生成getter/setter/equals/hashcode/tostring等方法
  • @Entity, @Table jpa註解,表示這個類與db的表關聯,具體匹配的是表 money
  • @Id @GeneratedValue 做用與自增主鍵
  • @Column代表這個屬性與表中的某列對應
  • @CreateDate根據當前時間來生成默認的時間戳

2. Repository API聲明

接下來咱們新建一個api繼承自CurdRepository,而後經過這個api來與數據庫打交道,後面會在這個類中添加較多的查詢方法

public interface MoneyBaseQueryRepository extends CrudRepository<MoneyPO, Integer> {
}

3. 使用姿式

a. 根據id查詢

CrudRepository已經提供的功能,根據主鍵id進行查詢,對於使用者而言,沒有什麼須要額外操做的,直接訪問便可

private void queryById() {
    // 根據主鍵查詢,直接使用接口便可
    Optional<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findById(1);
    System.out.println("queryById return: " + res.get());
}

b. 根據字段查詢

除了根據主鍵查詢,實際的業務場景中,根據某個字段進行查詢的case,簡直不要更多,在jpa中能夠怎麼作呢?

  • Repository接口中聲明一個方法,命名規則爲
  • findByXXX 或者 queryByXXX (注意這裏的xxx用POJO中的成員名替換,表示根據這個成員進行查詢)

一個簡單的case,若是我但願實現根據name進行查詢,那麼在MoneyBaseQueryRepository中添加下面兩個方法中的任意一個均可以

/**
 * 根據用戶名查詢
 *
 * @param name
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByName(String name);

List<MoneyPO> queryByName(String name);

若是須要多個成員的查詢呢?也簡單,形如findByXxxAndYyyy至關於sql中的where xxxx=? and yyy=?

如咱們也能夠增長下面兩個方法(一個and、一個or查詢)

/**
 * 根據用戶名 + money查詢
 *
 * @param name
 * @param money
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByNameAndMoney(String name, Long money);


/**
 * 根據用戶名 or id查詢
 *
 * @param name
 * @param id
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByNameOrId(String name, Integer id);

一個簡單的測試case能夠以下

private void queryByField() {
    // 根據內部成員進行查詢,須要本身定義新的接口
    String name = "一灰灰blog";
    Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findByName(name);
    System.out.println("findByName return: " + res);

    res = moneyCurdRepository.queryByName(name);
    System.out.println("queryByName return: " + res);

    Long money = 100L;
    res = moneyCurdRepository.findByNameAndMoney(name, money);
    System.out.println("findByNameAndMoney return: " + res);

    Integer id = 5;
    res = moneyCurdRepository.findByNameOrId(name, id);
    System.out.println("findByNameOrId return: " + res);
}

執行以後輸出結果以下,下面也包括了對應的sql,便於理解

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.name=?
findByName return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
-------- 人工拆分 -----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.name=?
queryByName return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
-------- 人工拆分 -----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.name=? and moneypo0_.money=?
findByNameAndMoney return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
-------- 人工拆分 -----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.name=? or moneypo0_.id=?
findByNameOrId return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=5, name=一灰灰5, money=500, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

c. like查詢

上面的查詢方式爲等值查詢,當在sql中除了等值查詢(即=查詢)以外,還有各類比較查詢,不等查詢以及like語句,在jpa中也比較簡單,在repository定義的方法名,加一個like便可

/**
 * like查詢
 *
 * @param name
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByNameLike(String name);

使用的時候,須要稍微注意一下,根據實際狀況決定要不要加上 '%'

private void queryByLike() {
    // like 語句查詢
    String name = "一灰灰%";
    Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findByNameLike(name);
    System.out.println("findByName like: " + res);
}

輸出結果爲

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.name like ?
findByName like: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=2, name=一灰灰2, money=200, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=3, name=一灰灰3, money=300, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=4, name=一灰灰4, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=5, name=一灰灰5, money=500, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

d. in查詢

對於in查詢,CurdRepository提供了根據主鍵id的查詢方式,直接調用findAllById便可,若是是其餘的,能夠經過聲明一個接口的方式來支持

/**
 * in查詢
 *
 * @param moneys
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByMoneyIn(List<Long> moneys);

測試case以下

// in 查詢
List<Integer> ids = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findAllById(ids);
System.out.println("findByIds return: " + res);

res = moneyCurdRepository.findByMoneyIn(Arrays.asList(400L, 300L));
System.out.println("findByMoneyIn return: " + res);

輸出結果

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id in (? , ? , ?)
findByIds return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=2, name=一灰灰2, money=200, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=3, name=一灰灰3, money=300, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
------ 手動拆分 ----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.money in (? , ?)
findByMoneyIn return: [MoneyPO(id=3, name=一灰灰3, money=300, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=4, name=一灰灰4, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=12, name=batch 一灰灰7, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=13, name=batch 一灰灰8, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

e. 比較查詢

數字的比較查詢,好比大於等於,大於,小於,小於等於,between,下面的三個方法聲明,應該能直觀表示這種方式能夠如何寫

/**
 * 查詢大於or等於指定id的全部記錄
 *
 * @param id
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByIdGreaterThanEqual(Integer id);

/**
 * 查詢小於or等於指定id的全部記錄
 *
 * @param id
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByIdLessThanEqual(Integer id);

/**
 * between查詢
 *
 * @param low
 * @param high
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByIdIsBetween(Integer low, Integer high);

下面是簡單的映射關係

  • > : xxGreaterThan
  • >=: xxGreaterThanEqual
  • <: xxLessThan
  • <=: xxLessThanEqual
  • !=: xxNot
  • between a and b : xxIsBetween

測試case以下

private void queryByCompare() {
    Integer id1 = 3;
    Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findByIdLessThanEqual(id1);
    System.out.println("findByIdLessThan 3 return: " + res);


    Integer id2 = 10;
    res = moneyCurdRepository.findByIdGreaterThanEqual(id2);
    System.out.println("findByIdGreaterThan 10 return: " + res);

    id1 = 4;
    id2 = 6;
    res = moneyCurdRepository.findByIdIsBetween(id1, id2);
    System.out.println("findByIdsWBetween 3, 10 return: " + res);
}

輸出結果爲

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id<=?
findByIdLessThan 3 return: [MoneyPO(id=1, name=一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=2, name=一灰灰2, money=200, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=3, name=一灰灰3, money=300, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
------ 手動拆分 ----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id>=?
findByIdGreaterThan 10 return: [MoneyPO(id=10, name=batch 一灰灰5, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=11, name=batch 一灰灰6, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=12, name=batch 一灰灰7, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=13, name=batch 一灰灰8, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
------ 手動拆分 ----------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id between ? and ?
findByIdsWBetween 3, 10 return: [MoneyPO(id=4, name=一灰灰4, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=5, name=一灰灰5, money=500, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=6, name=Batch 一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

f. 排序

排序也屬於基本查詢的case了,jpa的實現中,經過加上OrderByXxxAsc/Desc的方式來決定根據什麼進行升序or降序

/**
 * 根據money查詢,並將最終的結果根據id進行倒排
 *
 * @param money
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> findByMoneyOrderByIdDesc(Long money);

/**
 * 根據多個條件進行排序
 *
 * @param id
 * @return
 */
List<MoneyPO> queryByIdGreaterThanEqualOrderByMoneyDescIdAsc(Integer id);

在根據多個列進行排序時,須要注意的是不能寫多個 OrderBy 而是直接在OrderBy後面加上對應的xxxAscyyyDesc

測試代碼如

private void queryWithSort() {
    // 排序
    Long money = 400L;
    Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findByMoneyOrderByIdDesc(money);
    System.out.println("findByMoneyAndOrderByIdDesc return: " + res);
  
    Integer startId = 7;
    res = moneyCurdRepository.queryByIdGreaterThanEqualOrderByMoneyDescIdAsc(startId);
    System.out.println("queryByIdGreaterThanEqualOrderByMoneyDescIdAsc return: " + res);
}

輸出結果以下

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.money=? order by moneypo0_.id desc
findByMoneyAndOrderByIdDesc return: [MoneyPO(id=13, name=batch 一灰灰8, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=12, name=batch 一灰灰7, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=4, name=一灰灰4, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
------------- 人工拆分 --------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id>=? order by moneypo0_.money desc, moneypo0_.id asc
queryByIdGreaterThanEqualOrderByMoneyDescIdAsc return: [MoneyPO(id=10, name=batch 一灰灰5, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=11, name=batch 一灰灰6, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=12, name=batch 一灰灰7, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=13, name=batch 一灰灰8, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=8, name=Batch 一灰灰 3, money=200, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=9, name=Batch 一灰灰 4, money=200, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=7, name=Batch 一灰灰blog 2, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

g. 分頁查詢

分頁有兩種方式,一個是查詢最大的多少條數據,一個是正常的limit/offset方式,下面是一個簡單的實例demo

/**
* 分頁查詢,獲取前面三個數據
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
List<MoneyPO> findTop3ByIdGreaterThan(Integer id);

/**
* 分頁查詢
*
* @param id
* @param pageable page 從0開始表示查詢第0頁,即返回size個正好>id數量的數據
* @return
*/
List<MoneyPO> findByIdGreaterThan(Integer id, Pageable pageable);

對於分頁而言,經過傳入參數Pageable來代表便可

測試case如

private void queryWithPageSize() {
    // 分頁查詢
    Iterable<MoneyPO> res = moneyCurdRepository.findTop3ByIdGreaterThan(3);
    System.out.println("findTop3ByIdGreaterThan 3 return: " + res);

    // id>3,第2頁,每頁3條,若是id遞增時,則返回的第一條id=4 + 2 * 3 = 10
    res = moneyCurdRepository.findByIdGreaterThan(3, PageRequest.of(2, 3));
    System.out.println("findByIdGreaterThan 3 pageIndex 2 size 3 return: " + res);
}

輸出結果爲

Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id>? limit ?
findTop3ByIdGreaterThan 3 return: [MoneyPO(id=4, name=一灰灰4, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=5, name=一灰灰5, money=500, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0), MoneyPO(id=6, name=Batch 一灰灰blog, money=100, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]
---------- 人工拆分 ------------
Hibernate: select moneypo0_.id as id1_0_, moneypo0_.create_at as create_a2_0_, moneypo0_.is_deleted as is_delet3_0_, moneypo0_.money as money4_0_, moneypo0_.name as name5_0_, moneypo0_.update_at as update_a6_0_ from money moneypo0_ where moneypo0_.id>? limit ?, ?
findByIdGreaterThan 3 pageIndex 2 size 3 return: [MoneyPO(id=10, name=batch 一灰灰5, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=11, name=batch 一灰灰6, money=1498, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:58.0), MoneyPO(id=12, name=batch 一灰灰7, money=400, isDeleted=0, createAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0, updateAt=2019-04-18 17:01:40.0)]

4. 小結

主要介紹了jpa的查詢的最基本使用方式,主要是根據規則定義方法名的方式來實現sql的效果, 下表示一個簡單的對比小結

方法名 說明 等效sql
findByXxx 表示根據列Xxx等於傳參構建sql where xxx= ?
findByXxxAndYyy 根據多個列進行查詢 where xxx=? and yyy=?
findByXxxOrYyy 根據多個列實現or查詢 where xxx=? or yyy=?
findByXxxLike like查詢,須要注意查詢條件中加% where xxx like
findByXxxIn in查詢 where Xxx in ()
findByXxxGreaterThan 大於 where xxx > ?
findByXxxGreaterThanEqual 大於等於 where xxx >= ?
findByXxxLessThan 小於 where xxx < ?
findByXxxLessThanEqual 小於等於 where xxx <= ?
findByXxxNot 不等於 where xxx != ?
findByXxxIsBetween between查詢 where xxx between ? and ?
OrderByXxxDesc 排序 order by xxx desc
topN 分頁,表示獲取最前面的n條 limit n

此外還有一個分頁的方式是傳參Pageable,來指定具體的分頁

咱們常見的查詢操做中,除了上面的一些case以外,還有一些是咱們沒有提到的,以下面的一些使用姿式,則會在後面的文章中引入

  • group by
  • distinct
  • join
  • 各類函數的支持(sum,max,min,avg...)
  • 查詢部分表中部分字段時
  • 統計查詢

II. 其餘

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